山西食蚜蝇种类研究Ⅳ   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

杨友兰  吕俊芳 《山西农业大学学报(自然科学版)》2000,20(2):97-100

记叙了山西食蚜蝇 1 0种 ,分属 8个属。其中 4种为中国新纪录种 (用 号表示 ) ,1 0种都为山西省新纪录。对每种均作了形态描述和省内分布介绍 ,并附特征图  相似文献   

橘小实蝇引诱蛋白——啤酒废酵母酶解液的挥发性成分分析     

杜迎刚  刘贞民  代惠洁 《安徽农业科学》2012,(6):3341-3342,3350

[目的]分析橘小实蝇引诱蛋白——啤酒废酵母酶解液的挥发性成分。[方法]采用固相微萃取法(SPME)收集新鲜啤酒废酵母水解蛋白中的挥发性成分,并气质联用仪(GC-MS)对其进行了分析。[结果]鉴定出乙醇、丙酮3、-甲基-1-丁醇、甲氧基-苯基-肟、苯甲醛、己酸、苯乙醇、苯乙腈、辛酸、辛酸乙酯、乙酸辛酯、甲酸苯乙酯、壬酸乙酯9、-烯癸酸乙酯、癸酸乙酯和十二烷酸乙酯共16种物质,其中乙醇、丙酮3、-甲基-1-丁醇、苯甲醛、苯乙醇、己酸、辛酸和辛酸乙酯曾被不同学者在实蝇其他食物诱剂中发现,且乙醇和辛酸乙酯已被证实对一些实蝇种类具有引诱活性,未见其他8种物质在实蝇食物诱剂中的检出报道。[结论]为该实蝇蛋白诱剂的进一步改良提供了理论依据。  相似文献   

Effects of residues of deltamethrin in cattle faeces on the development and survival of three species of dungbreeding insect     

KG WARDHAUGH  BC LONGSTAFF  MJ LACEY 《Australian veterinary journal》1998,76(4):273-280

Objective To assess the toxicity to insects of drug residues excreted in cattle faeces following treatment with deltamethrin.
Design Bioassays were performed on one species of dung-breeding fly ( Musca vetustissima ) and two species of dung beetle ( Onthophagus binodis and Euoniticellus fulvus ).
Animals Cattle on properties near Kangaroo Valley, Canberra and Gundagai were treated with pour-on formulations of deltamethrin. Untreated animals acted as controls.
Procedures Faeces from treated and untreated cattle were inoculated with newly emerged fly larvae or fed to adults of two species of dung beetle. Percentage survival and duration of development provided measures of the toxicity of deltamethrin residues in faeces.
Results Residues of deltamethrin were excreted in concentrations sufficient to inhibit survival of larvae of M vetustissima for 1 to 2 weeks after treatment. Peak concentrations of 0.4mg deltamethrin/kg dry weight of faeces occurred 3 days after treatment and were sufficient to kill adult beetles for at least twice this period. With one of two formulations tested, there was evidence of a reduction in dung beetle fecundity and an increase in the duration of juvenile development. A model of the effect of deltamethrin on the breeding success of dung beetles in the field suggests that a single treatment, applied when most of the population is in a non-parous condition, may cause up to 75% reduction in beetle acitivity by the end of the season. Multiple treatments at 10 or 21 day intervals may drive local populations towards extinction.
Conclusion Depending on the time and frequency of treatment, the effect of deltamethrin on insects in cattle faeces may range from negligible to catastrophic.  相似文献   

Management Strategies for Reducing the Risk of Equines Contracting Vesicular Stomatitis Virus (VSV) in the Western United States     

《Journal of Equine Veterinary Science》2020

Vesicular stomatitis viruses (VSVs) cause a condition known as vesicular stomatitis (VS), which results in painful lesions in equines, cattle, swine, and camelids, and when transmitted to humans, can cause flu-like symptoms. When animal premises are affected by VS, they are subject to a quarantine. The equine industry more broadly may incur economic losses due to interruptions of animal trade and transportation to shows, competitions, and other events. Equine owners, barn managers, and veterinarians can take proactive measures to reduce the risk of equines contracting VS. To identify appropriate risk management strategies, it helps to understand which biting insects are capable of transmitting the virus to animals, and to identify these insect vectors’ preferred habitats and behaviors. We make this area of science more accessible to equine owners, barn managers, and veterinarians, by (1) translating the most relevant scientific information about biting insect vectors of VSV and (2) identifying practical management strategies that might reduce the risk of equines contracting VSV from infectious biting insects or from other equines already infected with VSV. We address transmission risk at four different spatial scales—the animal, the barn/shelter, the barnyard/premises, and the surrounding environment/neighborhood—noting that a multiscale and spatially collaborative strategy may be needed to reduce the risk of VS.  相似文献   

Influence of Partial Drying on Oil Uptake ＆ Quality Attributes of French Fries     

A.  Daraei Garmakhany  H.  O.  Mirzaei Y. Maghsoudlou  M.  Kashaninejad  S.  M.  Jafari 《农业科学与技术》2010,(1):41-46

Today＇s customers are looking for non-fat or low-fat containing products. One of the methods to reduce oil absorption in fried products is partial drying before frying. In this study, influence of partial drying （10 min, 20 min, 30 min） on oil absorption and quality attributes of three potato cultivars （Agria, Satina, kenebek） was evaluated. Our results reveled that in Agria, partial drying leads to an increase in oil absorption compared with non-dried sample （p〈0.05）. In kenebek, partial drying reduced the oil absorption and improved the texture and color of the produced French fries （p〈0.05）. Similar results were observed with Satina as with kenebek. In all three varieties, partial drying increased the dry matter, color quality and required cutting force of the French fries （p〈0.05）.  相似文献   

Phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of antimicrobial resistant Escherichia coli isolated from symbovine flies, cattle and sympatric insectivorous house martins from a farm in the Czech Republic (2006-2007)     

Jana Ryba?íková  Monika Dolejská  Ivan Literák 《Research in veterinary science》2010,89(2):179-183

The prevalence of antimicrobial resistant Escherichia coli was tested in symbovine flies and sympatric house martins (Delichon urbica) at a dairy farm. Antimicrobial resistant E. coli was detected in 89% (n = 147) of isolates from flies within a calf barn. Isolates with the same antimicrobial resistance phenotypes, genes, and pulsotypes were found between both fly and calf E. coli isolates, suggesting that the calves were the initial source of the antimicrobial resistant strains in fly isolates. Symbovine flies were considered as important reservoirs of antimicrobial resistant E. coli strains at a dairy farm, due to their intensive contact with cattle feces and manure. House martin fecal samples from the same farm contained 4.5% (n = 393) of antimicrobial resistant E. coli. House martin isolates displayed different macrorestriction profiles than fly isolates and the significance of house martins as a reservoir and vector of antimicrobial resistant E. coli appears low.  相似文献   

豌豆上潜叶蝇及其寄生蜂时间生态位研究     

朱永成  张琼  陈宗麒  赵林  保民  何平 《云南农业大学学报(自然科学版)》2006,21(6):725-728

 调查了豌豆上不同时间潜叶蝇及其寄生蜂的种类及数量分布，应用Levin的生态位宽度指数和Hurlbert的生态位重叠指数对各种潜叶蝇和寄生蜂的时间生态位进行定量分析。评价了寄生蜂对潜叶蝇的时间跟随效应和控制效果。研究表明，在豌豆上南美斑潜蝇［Liriomyza huidobrensis (Blanchar)］和豌豆彩潜蝇［Chromatomyia horticola (Goureau)］ ［异名 Phytomyza atricornis Meigen，P. nigricornis horticola (Gourean) ］种间竞争较小，普金姬小蜂［C. pubicomis (Zetterstedt)］、潜蝇姬小蜂［Diglyphus isaea (Walker)］、攀金姬小蜂［Chrysocharis pentheus (Walker)］、芙新姬小蜂［Neochrysocharis formosa (Westwood)］对豌豆彩潜蝇有较强的时间跟随作用和控制效果，淡足潜蝇茧蜂［Opius pallipes (Wesmael)］对南美斑潜蝇有较强的控制效果。  相似文献   

Management of banana leafspot (Sigatoka) disease in the Windward Islands∗     

D. K. Cronshaw 《国际虫害防治杂志》2013,59(2):136-146

Abstract

The rugged terrain and large number of smallholdings are important factors in the control of yellow Sigatoka (Mycosphaerella musicola Mulder) in the Windward Islands. A network of reference points has been established in each island where the disease level is monitored by the simple method of Stover and Dickson (1970) and a new method that assesses early infections on the young leaves. This information is used to decide spray applications. The use of Piche evaporimeter data to forecast spray applications has been investigated and is considered useful. Several fungicides have been tested and tridemorph, biloxazol and imazalil found to give satisfactory control with a view to introducing a rotation programme to avoid the continued sole use of benzimidazole formulations and possible occurrence of tolerance.  相似文献