Growth inhibition and acetolactate synthase activity of soybean seedlings and suspension-cultured cells treated with bensulfuron-methyl   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

TOSAPON PORNPROM  KENJI USUI  KOZO ISHIZUKA 《Weed Biology and Management》2005,5(3):150-153

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Growth loss of Lebanon cedar (Cedrus libani) stands as related to periodic outbreaks of the cedar shoot moth (Dichelia cedricola)     

Serdar Carus  Mustafa Avcı 《Phytoparasitica》2005,33(1):33-48

An outbreak ofDichelia cedricola (Diakonoff) (Lep.: Tortricidae), the cedar shoot moth (CSM), began in spring 1998 and lasted 3 years. This was the first monitored outbreak of the CSM in Isparta, Turkey. Tree crowns recovered to near normal condition by the middle of each growing season (in early June) during the outbreak. Tree volume and volume element increments were examined throughout the outbreak cycle from 1954 to 2001. In the past, CSM activity in stands of Lebanon cedar (Cedrus libani A. Rich.) was assessed through radial increment analyses. Cedar tree ring chronologies were analyzed for evidence of the CSM. Tree-ring chronologies from nonhost cedar (nondefoliated sample trees) were used to estimate potential growth in the host cedar (defoliated sample trees) during current and past outbreaks; all trees selected were the same subspecies and varieties. Regional outbreaks of the CSM were identified by synchronous and sustained growth periods of the trees. In 2001, increment cores were collected from 17 host and 16 nonhost dominant or codominant trees and annual radial growth indices from 1954–2001 were calculated for each of two host and two nonhost sample plots. Growth functions were defined as the cumulative sum of radial, height, and volume increment, and were graphically compared between CSM host cedar and nonhost cedar trees. Tree ring evidence suggests that a large-scale outbreak occurred in 1955 (from 1955 to 1966) and a small outbreak occurred in 1985 (1985–1990) and in 1998 (1998-continued) in the study area. The average diameter growth reductions around 1955, 1985 and 1998 were 40%, 46% and 7% of potential, respectively. It was concluded that a narrow latewood band is significant indicator of defoliation by the CSM and the outbreaks appear to be associated with dry winter and spring weather prior to the autumn and winter in which wood feeding occurred. http://www.phytoparasitica.org posting Nov. 24, 2004.  相似文献   

Relevance of the variability of kidding day in Creole goats in Guadeloupe     

N. Mandonnet  G. Alexandre  M. Navès 《Livestock Production Science》2005,92(3):241-247

The results of 5732 records of kids born between 1985 and 1996 at Gardel Agricultural Experiment Station (INRA) in Guadeloupe, were used in order to estimate the effect of kidding day (KD) on individual preweaning growth performances, total productivity of Creole goats and litter size. The flock was subjected to a restricted mating season for a long time, by using male effect. The results of the fixed linear model showed a highly significant (P<0.001) effect of KD on growth rate and total productivity of does. Live weights of kids born around the 21st day of the kidding period (KP) was 4% to 7% higher than those of kids born the first day of the KP. For total productivity of does, this ratio did not reached more than 4%. The optimum at 70 days of age occurred around 14th day of the KD with 3% of improvement of total productivity. No effect was observed upon litter size. The genetic (co)variance components were estimated by six different Individual Animal Models. The heritability (h²) estimated from the best model, was h_D²=0.25±0.05 for genetic direct effect; h_M²=0.09±0.04 for genetic maternal effect and the genetic correlation between direct and maternal effects was −0.86±0.12. The use of KD could be highly recommended in a breeding program in this population of Creole meat goats, since it is quite easy to record under commercial conditions as a character related to reproductive performance.  相似文献   

Growth performance, energy, and nitrogen balance of weanling pigs fed a cereal-based diet supplemented with Chinese rhubarb     

R. Straub  S. Gebert  M. Wanner 《Livestock Production Science》2005,92(3):261-269

Forty Swiss Large White piglets of 4 weeks of age were used to determine the effect of dietary Chinese rhubarb on growth performance, as well as on energy and nitrogen metabolism by means of indirect respiration calorimetry studies. A cereal-based diet, supplemented with four different dosages of Chinese rhubarb (0.0%, 0.25%, 0.5%, 1%), was offered ad libitum to the piglets. Gaseous exchange was measured, and urine, faeces, and blood samples were taken. The addition of 0.25% dietary rhubarb increased feed intake (+32%) and daily weight gain (+67%) compared to the diet containing the greatest amount of rhubarb (1%). The piglets fed diet supplemented with 0.25% rhubarb digested and metabolised more energy and nitrogen relative to the animals of treatment 1%. As a consequence, the same group (0.25%) converted more energy and nitrogen into body protein than piglets receiving diet supplemented with 1% rhubarb. However, compared to the control group, the addition of 0.25% rhubarb to the diet resulted in not significantly alter growth performance, energy, and nitrogen metabolism of the animals.Blood parameters were not affected by the rhubarb supplementation. The dose-responding effect of Chinese rhubarb was reflected by the dry matter content of faecal samples. According to the laxative effect of higher doses of rhubarb, the addition of 1% rhubarb to the diet reduced dry matter content of faeces. This effect was well visible in practice, although not relevant in statistical terms. The addition of 0.5% dietary rhubarb had no relevant effect on growth performance or on energy and nitrogen metabolism of treated animals.  相似文献   

Effect of diet composition and slaughter weight on animal performance, carcass and meat quality, and fatty acid composition in veal calves     

C. Vieira  M.D. García  A.R. Mantecón 《Livestock Production Science》2005,93(3):263-275

The effect of true milk use in the diet of Spanish Brown Swiss male calves on animal performance, carcass and meat quality, and fatty acids composition was studied. In experiment 1, the effect of milk intake [ad libitum continuous (ADLIB) feed vs. restricted 0.7 during 75 days followed by ad libitum feed (RESTR)] and slaughter endpoint (225 kg vs. 5 month) were studied. In experiment 2, ad libitum concentrate feeding [grain-fed (GF)] was compared with milk supplementation until slaughter [milk-fed (MF)] in calves slaughtered at 345 kg. As regards to milk intake, carcass weight and degree of fatness were higher in the ADLIB group (P<0.05). The RESTR group revealed a higher percentage of saturated fatty acids (P<0.05). In experiment 2, the MF group exhibited a higher fat percentage (P<0.05), lower press and cooking losses (P<0.05), and higher scores for tenderness and juiciness (P<0.05) than the GF group. The percentage of saturated fatty acids was higher in the MF group (P<0.05). The results suggest that true milk use in veal production could be an advantageous alternative in terms on production costs, animal performance, and carcass and meat quality.  相似文献   

高效阴离子交换色谱法测定毛头鬼伞多糖中的单糖组成   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

杨仁智  张劲松  唐庆九  潘迎捷 《中国食用菌》2005,24(5):42-44

本文采用高效阴离子交换色谱—脉冲安培检测器（HAPEC-PAD），建立了一种测定多糖中单糖比例的方法。以NaOH为淋洗液、CarboPac^TM A20预处理柱，CarboPac^TMPA20分离柱，金工作电极，Ag/AgCl参比电极，8种自然界中常见单糖标准品做混合标样，探索方法可行性。在淋洗液浓度为2．5mmol／L时，各种单糖组分得到有效分离，其线性和重现性均良好并在此基础上测定了毛头鬼伞多糖中单糖比例；与传统的方法相比，此方法具有前处理简单、灵敏度高、节省时间和试剂等优点。  相似文献   

荔枝生产相关的水分生理指标远程监测研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

赵晓勤  宋世文  李建国  谢世恭  王泽槐  李楚彬  季作梁 《果树学报》2005,22(6):644-648

利用植物远程监测系统对荔枝园中的大气温湿度、土壤湿度、光照强度、大气蒸汽压差(VPD)等环境因子和茎干直径微变化、果实生长、叶片温度等树体生理指标进行了监测,发现该系统能准确及时并无伤害地记录他们的实时和周期性变化。据获得的数据初步表明,当果实处于快速膨大期,主茎的加粗生长明显缓慢,一旦果实采收后,茎干加粗生长则有一个迅速上升的变化;当土壤湿度高于33%(v/v)时,主茎的生长受到明显的抑制;VPD白天上升,夜间下降,当夜间VPD始终高于0,就形成所谓的“夜间干燥”,VPD的这种变化对荔枝主茎和果实的生长以及叶气温差(LATD)都有较大的影响,如主茎和果实的日间收缩量随VPD的增大而增大,夜间空气干燥不但抑制了主茎生长,也使日最大LATD下降。据此认为,果实和茎干的生长之间存在竞争关系,土壤湿度过高或者夜间空气干燥对荔枝的生长不利。  相似文献   

青脚鸡杂交组合肉用性能的研究     

窦套存  王克华  陆俊贤  童海兵 《中国家禽》2005,9(Z1):31-33

以江苏省家禽科学研究所家禽育种中心崇仁麻鸡♂×(崇仁麻鸡♂×隐性白羽鸡新品系♀)♀(配套1)和固始鸡♂×(崇仁麻鸡♂×隐性白羽鸡新品系♀)♀(配套2)为素材,进行肉用性能试验,结果表明①两配套组合体重差异极显著(P＜0.01),配套2比配套1重109.6克且饲料报酬高0.171;②两配套组合龙骨长、冠长、冠高、胸宽差异不显著(P＞0.05),体斜长、胫长、胫围、胸角差异极显著(P＜0.01),配套2均高于配套1.③两配套组合屠体率、半净膛率、全净膛率、胸肌率、腹脂率差异不显著(P＞0.05),配套1腿肌率显著高于配套2(P＜0.05).④两配套组合胸肌失水率、PH值、肉色、剪切力差异不显著(P＞0.05).总体而言,配套2的肉用性能优于配套1,隐性白羽鸡新品系在优质鸡配套系中应用是可行的.  相似文献   

半胱胺的生物学作用及应用   总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9  

朱建津  乐国伟  施用晖 《中国饲料》2005,(24):22-23

半胱胺具有多种生物学功能,如耗竭生长抑素,影响糖、蛋白质和脂肪的代谢,抗氧化和氧化作用,提高免疫功能。本文综述了半胱胺的生物学功能和应用情况。  相似文献   

复合酶制剂对产蛋鸡生产性能的影响     

宋连喜  周丽荣 《家畜生态》2005,(3)

选用41周龄的海兰褐商品蛋鸡1200只,随机分成两组,每组600只。组内设3个重复,每个重复200只。对照组喂基础日粮,试验组喂基础日粮+0.1%蛋鸡用复合酶制剂,试验期28d。结果表明在产蛋鸡的基础日粮中添加0.1%的复合酶制剂可以使产蛋率平均提高6.12%(P<0.05),料蛋比降低11.69%(P<0.05)。说明在蛋鸡的基础日粮中添加适当的复合酶制剂能促进蛋鸡消化吸收,降低饲养成本,提高饲料转化率和经济效益。  相似文献