不同剂量大黄附子细辛汤对慢性肾功能衰竭脾肾阳虚证患者肾功能、CRP、IL-6及TNF-a的影响          下载免费PDF全文

刘鹏  桂壮  邵治国 《勤云标准版测试》2019,39(5):640-643

目的 探讨不同剂量大黄附子细辛汤对慢性肾衰竭脾肾阳虚证患者炎症因子及临床疗效的观察。方法 120例确诊的慢性肾功能衰竭脾肾阳虚证患者随机分为治疗组和对照组各60例,两组在常规治疗基础之上,对照组给予小剂量大黄附子细辛汤,治疗组给予大剂量大黄附子细辛汤,观察两组患者治疗前后尿素氮（BUN）、血肌酐（Scr）、血清胱抑素C（CysC）、C反应蛋白（CRP）、白细胞介素-6（IL-6）、肿瘤坏死因子-a （TNF-a）水平、药物不良反应及临床疗效。结果 两组患者血清BUN、Scr、CysC、IL-6、TNF-a较治疗前均明显降低,治疗组下降幅度更为显著（P<0.05）,治疗组治疗后中医证候积分及综合疗效均优于对照组（P<0.05）,治疗后2组安全性比较无显著差异（P>0.05）。结论 大剂量大黄附子细辛汤对慢性肾功能衰竭脾肾阳虚证患者中有助于改善肾功能,降低炎症因子水平,可能与降低血清炎性因子IL-6、TNF-a值,发挥抗炎及促进肾代谢作用有关。  相似文献   

LH300森林消防ATV发动机冷却水泵的改进     

于水  王婷  王红英 《林业机械与木工设备》2013,(11):54-56

介绍了消防ATV的特点及功能，分析了其故障产生的原因并提出了改进措施。  相似文献   

Correlation of cardiac enlargement as assessed by vertebral heart size and echocardiographic and electrocardiographic findings in dogs with evolving cardiomegaly due to rapid ventricular pacing     

Nakayama H  Nakayama T  Hamlin RL 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2001,15(3):217-221

Vertebral heart size (VHS) has been proposed as a method for quantifying cardiomegaly in dogs. This study was designed to determine how well echocardiographic and electrocardiographic findings correlated with VHS. Dogs were rapid-paced into varying degrees of cardiomegaly and were monitored by thoracic radiography, echocardiography, and electrocardiography during development of cardiomegaly. Echocardiographic and electrocardiographic parameters were compared with VHS. VHS increased with increased duration or rate of pacing or both, and left atrium-to-aorta ratio, left ventricular end-diastolic diameter, left ventricular end-systolic diameter, P wave duration, and QRS duration correlated significantly with VHS. VHS (a score obtained from routine thoracic radiographs) seems to correlate well with both echocardiographic and electrocardiographic parameters. When 9 veterinarians, experienced in interpretation of cardiac silhouettes on radiographs, measured VHS from 1 normal dog and 1 dog with severe cardiomegaly, coefficients of variation (ratio of standard deviation to the mean) for their measurements were 2.7% and 2.8%, respectively. Thus, VHS could be established with great uniformity by experienced interpreters.  相似文献   

Auscultation in mild mitral regurgitation in dogs: observer variation, effects of physical maneuvers, and agreement with color Doppler echocardiography and phonocardiography     

Pedersen HD  Häggström J  Falk T  Mow T  Olsen LH  Iversen L  Jensen AL 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》1999,13(1):56-64

Observer variation in diagnosing mild mitral regurgitation in dogs by cardiac auscultation was assessed by having 6 veterinarians with different levels of experience examine 57 Cavalier King Charles Spaniels. Comparisons with color Doppler echocardiography and phonocardiography were made, and the effects of 2 physical maneuvers on the auscultatory findings were evaluated. Using mildly diseased dogs, interobserver agreement in diagnosing the presence or absence of left-sided murmurs ranged from 63% to 88%. The agreement with phonocardiography (range, 53-91%) increased with the amount of observer experience. The 2 most experienced observers could discern soft ejection murmurs from regurgitant murmurs and were able to diagnose 89% of the dogs with regurgitant jets larger than 30% of the left atrial area. In general, less experienced observers diagnosed most jets larger than 50%. In many dogs with small jets, no murmur was found by auscultation and phonocardiography. The audibility of mild regurgitation was significantly reduced in dogs that were difficult to auscultate. Early systolic murmurs were typical of mild regurgitation, whereas holosystolic murmurs typified severe regurgitation. In a few dogs, late systolic murmurs alternated with holosystolic murmurs. Systolic clicks were found phonocardiographically in 18 dogs with mild to moderate regurgitation, but the audibility apparently was low. In many mildly affected dogs, physical maneuvers increased murmur intensity. Thus, some form of dynamic auscultation might facilitate the diagnosis of mild regurgitation. Auscultatory findings in mild regurgitation appear to depend on observer experience, circulatory status, and how difficult the dog is to auscultate.  相似文献   

Clinical assessment of left ventricular relaxation     

Constable P  Muir W  Sisson D 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》1999,13(1):5-13

Ventricular relaxation is altered in a number of cardiac disorders affecting domestic animals. Clinical determination of the ventricular relaxation rate can provide useful information regarding disease severity and response to therapy. We believe that the current gold standard for assessing left ventricular relaxation requires measurement of ventricular luminal pressure at end-expiration using a high-fidelity catheter. Ventricular pressure should be digitized at ≥200 Hz for the period of pressure fall between the minimum rate of change of ventricular pressure and 10 mm Hg above left ventricular end-diastolic pressure of the preceding beat. The rate of relaxation then should be determined from the digitized data by Marquardt nonlinear least squares parameter estimation using an exponential decay model with nonzero asymptote. The major disadvantage in using an invasive method for evaluating left ventricular relaxation is that it requires general anesthesia in animals that frequently are categorized as high-risk anesthetic patients. Noninvasive estimates of ventricular relaxation using echocardiographic parameters such as isovolumic relaxation time, peak early filling rate, and time from end-systole to peak filling rate provide a crude and nonspecific assessment of ventricular relaxation that can be obtained from conscious animals. Determinations of these echocardiographic indices are of limited usefulness in assessing changes in ventricular relaxation associated with disease progression or therapeutic intervention, unless concurrent estimates of left atrial pressure, mitral valve characteristics, and left ventricular compliance are available.  相似文献   

Atrioventricular valvular insufficiency and congestive heart failure in a carpet python     

Rishniw M  Carmel BP 《Australian veterinary journal》1999,77(9):580-583

Right atrioventricular valve insufficiency and bilateral congestive heart failure were identified in a carpet python (Morelia spilota variegata) with the aid of colour Doppler echocardiography, electrocardiography and radiography. The snake failed to respond to diuretic therapy and was euthanased. Based on this case, it appears that bilateral congestive failure is feasible in univentricular animals with lesions restricted to one side of the heart. Loop diuretic therapy may be inappropriate in non-crocodilian reptiles because reptiles lack a loop of Henle.  相似文献   

Etiology of patent ductus arteriosus in dogs     

Buchanan JW  Patterson DF 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(2):167-171

Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is the most common congenital heart disease in dogs and usually causes heart failure and death unless corrected at a young age. Previous histologic studies in a line of dogs derived from Miniature Poodles with hereditary PDA identified varying degrees of hypoplasia and asymmetry of ductus-specific smooth muscle and the presence of aortalike elastic tissue in the ductus wall sufficient to cause patency. To determine if similar structural abnormalities cause PDA in other dogs, serial-section, 3-dimensional histology of ductal architecture was studied in 8 non-Poodle purebred dogs with PDA with no immediate family history of PDA. Morphologic abnormalities were observed in 7 of 8 dogs with PDA and essentially were the same as those in dogs known to have a hereditary form of PDA. These findings suggest that apparently sporadic PDA in these breeds is caused by a genetic defect in the structure of the ductus arteriosus that is similar or identical to that in the Poodle. The relatives of dogs with PDA, particularly parents, offspring, and siblings, should be screened for evidence of PDA. Dogs with PDA should not be used for breeding, regardless of breed.  相似文献   

Evaluation of cystatin C as an endogenous marker of glomerular filtration rate in dogs   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Almy FS  Christopher MM  King DP  Brown SA 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2002,16(1):45-51

Cystatin C is a cysteine protease inhibitor produced by all nucleated cells. It is freely filtered by the glomerulus and is unaffected by nonrenal factors such as inflammation and gender. Because of greater sensitivity and specificity, cystatin C has been proposed to replace creatinine as a marker of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in humans. The aims of this study were to validate an automated assay in canine plasma and to evaluate the usefulness of cystatin C as a marker of GFR in dogs. Western blotting was used to demonstrate cross-reactivity of an anti-human cystatin C antibody. An immunoturbidimetric assay was used to detect cystatin C in 25 clinically healthy dogs and 25 dogs with renal failure. Mean cystatin C concentration in the healthy dogs and the dogs with renal failure was 1.08 +/- 0.16 mg/L and 4.37 +/- 1.79 mg/L respectively. Intra- and interassay variability was <5%. The assay was linear (r = .974) between 0.14 and 7.53 mg/L. Both cystatin C and creatinine concentrations were measured in banked, frozen serum from 20 remnant kidney model dogs and 10 volume-depleted dogs for which GFR measurements by exogenous creatinine clearance had been determined previously. In the remnant kidney model, cystatin C was better correlated with GFR than creatinine (r = .79 versus .54) but was less well correlated with GFR in volume-depleted dogs (r = .54 versus .95). GFR measurements were repeated in the remnant kidney model dogs 60 days after initial GFR measurements. At this time, cystatin C and creatinine concentrations correlated equally well with GFR (r = .891 versus .894, respectively). Cystatin C concentration is a reasonable alternative to creatinine for screening dogs with decreased GFR due to chronic renal failure.  相似文献   

Changes in platelet life span in dogs with mitral valve regurgitation     

Tanaka R  Murota A  Nagashima Y  Yamane Y 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2002,16(4):446-451

Platelet life span was measured in dogs with experimentally-induced mitral regurgitation (MR) by using an in vitro whole-blood biotinylation technique to evaluate the effects of shear stress induced by MR. Mitral regurgitation was created in healthy dogs by ablation of the mitral valve chordae tendineae. Mitral regurgitation was identified by auscultation and postoperative color Doppler echocardiography. Platelets were biotinylated. and derivatized blood was reinfused into the dogs. Biotinylated platelet disappearance was measured over time to determine platelet life span. Pre- and postablation platelet life span was compared in each dog. Platelet life span was shorter in dogs with experimentally induced MR. Shear stress from MR was postulated to shorten platelet life span. Alternations in platelet function and life span may contribute to the progression of cardiovascular disease in dogs with MR. Further studies are required to determine if platelet dysfunction is related to disease progression in these patients.  相似文献   

TRANSESOPHAGEAL ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY OF THE LEFT VENTRICULAR OUTFLOW TRACT, AORTIC VALVE AND ASCENDING AORTA IN BOXER DOGS WITH HEART MURMURS     

CECILIA QUINTAVALLA  DANITZA PRADELLI  ORIOL DOMENECH  CLAUDIO BUSSADORI 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2006,47(3):307-312

The study was aimed at evaluating the anatomy of the left ventricular outflow tract, aortic valve, and ascending aorta by means of multiplane transesophageal echocardiography in Boxer dogs with left basilar heart murmurs and at comparing two-dimensional (2D) transthoracic to transesophageal echocardiography for the diagnosis of subaortic stenosis in this breed. Twenty-eight Boxers were included in the study and allocated to four groups according to physical and routine transthoracic 2D and Doppler echocardiography findings: group A--dogs with low grade (I-II/VI) heart murmurs without overt evidence of aortic stenosis (14 dogs); group B--dogs with type 1 subaortic stenosis (seven dogs); group C--dogs with type 2 subaortic stenosis (five dogs); group D--dogs with type 3 subaortic stenosis (two dogs). Anatomic lesions were not discovered by transesophageal echocardiography in dogs belonging to group A. Transesophageal imaging confirmed the type of subaortic stenosis, as graded by transthoracic echocardiography, in diseased animals (groups BCD). Morphologic information obtained by transesophageal echocardiography in Boxer dogs was similar to that obtained by transthoracic echocardiography.  相似文献