熟兔肉的辐射贮藏研究   总被引：4，自引：4，他引：4  

赵光  许肇梅  周之棣  李德军  焦建立  李时恩 《核农学报》1991,5(2):113-119

用PE/PVA/PE、ON/PE、PET/PE复合袋真空包装熟免肉,经4—9kGy~(60)Coγ射线常温辐照,可不同程度地延长货架期。通过感官鉴定,营养学、微生物学、放射性检测,Ames致突、微核测定和大白鼠90天喂养等试验证明,辐照熟免肉卫生安全。  相似文献   

不同品种肉鸡屠宰性能、胸肌肉品质和成分测定及分析     

马猛  王克华  曲亮  窦套存  郭军  王星果  胡玉萍  卢建 《中国农学通报》2022,38(9):137-142

研究旨在探讨中国自主研究培育的白羽肉鸡和爱拔益加AA在屠宰性能、肌肉品质和组成成分之间差异。以‘wod’系列白羽肉鸡和爱拔益加AA为素材,测定7周龄时各个品种的屠宰性能、胸肌肉品质以及胸肌中风味前体物质、矿物元素、微生素等成分含量,分析比较不同品种间的差异变化。结果表明：wod168和wod178的屠体率、全净膛率和胸肌率均极显著低于wod188和AA(P<0.01),翅膀率极显著高于后两者(P<0.01)。wod168的胸肌肌肉pH和嫩度极显著小于AA(P<0.01),肉色的L值和b值显著高于AA(P<0.05)。wod168胸肌肌肉氨基酸总量、矿物元素总量和粗蛋白含量均高于其他三个品种,肌内脂肪和胆固醇含量低于其他品种。wod168产肉性能不及其他品种,但其胸肌肌肉肉品质更佳,更符合消费者对优质肉品质的需求。  相似文献   

Effects of selenium source and level on growth performance,antioxidative ability and meat quality of broilers          下载免费PDF全文

Chuan-long WANG  Guan-zhong XING  Li-sai WANG  Su-fen LI  Li-yang ZHANG  Lin LU  Xu-gang LUO  Xiu-dong LIAO 《农业科学学报》2021,20(1):227-235

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of selenium(Se) source and level on growth performance, carcass traits, antioxidative ability and meat quality of broilers. A total of 320 one-d-old Arbor Acres commercial broilers were randomly assigned to 1 of 5 treatments with 8 replicates in a completely randomized design involving a 2×2 factorial arrangement of treatments plus one Se-unsupplemented basal diet control for 42 d. The two Se sources were sodium selenite and Se yeast, and the two supplemental Se levels were 0.20 and 0.40 mg Se kg–1. The results showed that broilers fed the Se-supplemented diets had higher(P0.05) average daily gain and average daily feed intake from 22 to 42 d of age, eviscerated yield and abdominal fat percentages, Se concentrations and glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px) activities in breast and thigh muscles on d 42, and lower(P0.05) feed/gain from 1 to 21 and 22 to 42 d of age, mortality from 22 to 42 d of age and malondialdehyde(MDA) concentration in thigh muscle on d 42 than those fed the control diet. Broilers fed the diets supplemented with Se yeast had higher(P0.05) p H value and lower(P0.05) shear force in thigh muscle than those fed the diets supplemented with sodium selenite. Additionally, broilers fed the diets supplemented with 0.40 mg Se kg–1 had lower(P0.05) shear force in thigh muscle and higher(P0.05) GSH-Px activities in breast and thigh muscles than those fed the diets supplemented with 0.20 mg Se kg–1. Furthermore, broilers fed the diet supplemented with Se yeast at 0.40 mg Se kg–1 had higher(P0.05) Se concentrations in breast and thigh muscles than those fed the diet supplemented with Se yeast at 0.20 mg Se kg–1, but no differences(P0.05) were observed in these indices of broilers fed the diets supplemented with sodium selenite between 0.20 and 0.40 mg Se kg–1. The results from the present study indicated that supplemental Se could increase the growth performance, muscle Se concentration and antioxidative ability of broilers; and the Se from Se yeast was more effective than the Se from sodium selenite in improving meat quality of broilers.  相似文献   

Potential nitrogen and phosphorus leaching from soils fertilized with meat and bone meal     

Alhaji S. Jeng  Nils Vagstad 《Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B - Plant Soil Science》2013,63(3):238-245

Abstract

The nitrogen and phosphorus contents of meat and bone meal (MBM) make it a potentially valuable nutrient source in agriculture. Its narrow N:P ratio, however, makes it a potential environmental risk if it is not utilized with caution. A column-leaching experiment was conducted to assess potential nitrogen and phosphorus leaching from bare soils fertilized with MBM. This should give an idea of the efficacy of autumn or early spring MBM application on land devoid of vegetation cover. Earlier greenhouse and field experiments have indicated that nitrogen mineralization after MBM application takes place relatively rapidly. The column experiment conducted here has indicated that spring application of MBM prior to planting can result in the loss of mineral nitrogen, reducing the total amount of N available to the crop. A higher initial loss (up to 47 mg l^?1) of ammonium was found for the MBM treated soils, but this declined to less than 0.1 mg l^?1 by the end of the experiment, 11 weeks later. Nitrate loss was highest at the onset of the experiment for the soils that received mineral N fertilizer. With time, however, the largest nitrate losses were associated with the MBM-treated soils. Nitrate leaching continued to well beyond the end of the experiment. The effect will most certainly be exacerbated when the crop N (rather than crop P) requirement forms the basis for MBM application. The amount of P leached as ortho-P is probably small but may also represent an environmental risk if N remains to be the basis of MBM application. Based on the results presented here and considering the dangers of elevated nutrient losses, autumn and early spring MBM application may not be recommended.  相似文献   

肉鸭急性硒中毒试验     

王浓章  何云  袁慧  唐云华 《畜禽业》2005,(10):56-58

对14日龄肉鸭硒中毒时的病理组织学变化进行了研究。结果表明:随着服硒量的增加,中毒症状逐渐加剧。Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组肉鸭于服硒1d后出现中毒症状,Ⅳ组于服硒后1h便出现明显的中毒症状,并于9d内全部死亡。其主要临床症状为:呼吸困难,运动失调,食欲下降或废绝,精神沉郁,消瘦,头肿大,离群闭目呆立,口、鼻流出砖红色液体,排绿色或白色稀粪。其剖检病理变化为:消化道出血,肝脏肿大、坏死并伴有出血(充血),肺水(气)肿和淤血,肾有弥漫性出血点,脾白髓淋巴细胞萎缩变性、数量减少,网状细胞增生、肿大。光学显微镜下观察:肝、心、肾、脾等实质细胞变性、坏死及组织内充血、出血,肝细胞肿胀并出现局部核溶解,肾小球肿大并颗粒变性,肺泡出血。  相似文献   

Beneficial Effects of Versazyme,a Keratinase Feed Additive,on Body Weight,Feed Conversion,and Breast Yield of Broiler Chickens     

《The Journal of Applied Poultry Research》2006,15(4):544-550

Versazyme (VZ) is a keratinase-based feed additive. Broiler diets were formulated with low (95%), medium (100%), or high (105%) CP and amino acid levels relative to US Poultry Industry Reporting Service averages (2003). In each diet, amino acid minimums were maintained relative to the percentage of CP. The protein levels were as follows: starter—21, 22, 23%; grower—19, 20, 21%; finisher—17, 18, 19%; and withdrawal—16, 17, 18%. Mixed sex broilers 0 to 48 d of age were fed the 3 protein levels with and without VZ (0.10%) in a 3 × 2 factorial experiment. Statistical main effects indicated 48-d BW was greater on the high protein diets (2.42 kg) compared with low protein (2.36 kg), with the medium protein diet being intermediate (2.40 kg). Overall, VZ significantly (P < 0.01) improved 48-d BW 2.54% (from 2.36 to 2.42 kg, P < 0.01), feed conversion ratio 1.62% (from 1.912 to 1.881, P < 0.01), and breast meat yield 1.68% (from 31.57 to 32.10%, P < 0.01). The improvements in BW and feed conversion ratio by VZ were greatest with the low protein diets. However, VZ produced the greatest improvement in breast meat yield at the medium and high protein levels. This enzyme feed additive apparently improves the utilization of amino acids by broilers fed diets formulated to commercial specifications.  相似文献   

抗菌肽替代抗生素对肉鸭生产性能及血清代谢激素水平的影响   总被引：8，自引：2，他引：8  

陈晓生  刘为民  温刘发  张辉华  田允波  贺建华  黄国庆  罗竞标 《中国家禽》2005,27(5):7-9

肉鸭日粮按三个水平分别添加蚕抗菌肽AD-酵母制剂，与加金霉素的正对照及用基础日粮的负对照二组进行对比试验，结果显示：中、高抗菌肽组增重效果与金霉素组一样显著，整体生产性能以高抗菌肽组最好，1～14日龄饲养效果优于15～49日龄；三个抗菌肽试验组的胰岛素样生长因子IGF—Ⅰ水平与金霉素组一样出现显著升高，甲状腺素水平的变化与金霉素组相反，其中T3显著升高、T4降低。  相似文献   

仙湖肉鸭B系肌内脂肪含量与屠体性能关系研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

刘绍扬  黄得纯  吕敏芝  麦白帆  黄祖洁  莫云靖 《广东畜牧兽医科技》2011,36(3):15-17

本研究对仙湖肉鸭B系的肌内脂肪含量与屠体性状关系进行分析.结果表明:公鸭活重、屠体重、半净膛重、全净膛重与肌内脂肪含量均表现为中等正相关,其中半净膛重与肌内脂肪含量的相关关系达到显著水平(P<0.05),胸肌重、腿肌重、皮脂重、皮脂率均与肌内脂肪含量呈弱的正相关,相关关系不显著;母鸭腹脂重、腹脂率与肌内脂肪含量的相关系...  相似文献   

精氨酸对笼养育雏期蛋鸭生产性能及抗氧化功能的影响   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

姜丽丽  王安  李珍珍  袁艺森  张婷 《饲料工业》2013,(12)

试验旨在研究饲粮中添加不同水平精氨酸对0~4周龄笼养蛋雏鸭生长性能及抗氧化功能的影响,探讨笼养育雏期蛋鸭适宜的精氨酸添加水平。试验采用单因素完全随机分组设计,选择健康1日龄金定蛋雏鸭180只,随机分为5组,每组6个重复,每个重复6只鸭,对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验组饲喂在玉米-豆粕型基础饲粮基础上分别添加0.10%、0.20%、0.30%、0.40%精氨酸的试验饲粮,试验期4周。结果表明：①饲粮中添加精氨酸平均日增重Ⅲ组显著高于其他各组(P<0.05),Ⅱ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ组间差异均不显著(P>0.05),Ⅱ、Ⅳ组显著高于Ⅰ组(P<0.05);平均日采食量以Ⅰ组最高,但各组间差异均不显著(P>0.05);料重比以Ⅲ组最低,显著低于其他各组(P<0.05),Ⅱ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ组间差异不显著(P>0.05),同时,Ⅱ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ组显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。②Ⅲ组血清和肝脏总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)与对照组相比差异显著（P<0.05),Ⅱ组血清谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性与对照组相比差异显著(P<0.05);Ⅳ组肝脏超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性与对照组相比差异显著(P<0.05);Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组肝脏丙二醛(MDA)含量与对照组相比差异显著(P<0.05),根据试验中有效评价精氨酸营养需要量的抗氧化指标,估测精氨酸添加水平分别为0.183%、0.198%、0.093%、0.208%。由此可见,蛋雏鸭采食玉米-豆粕型基础饲粮,精氨酸的适宜添加水平为0.093%~0.208%。  相似文献   

雷州黑鸭血液生化性状与体尺性状、肉品质性状间的相关性分析     

马猛  苏瑛袁  谭静雯  汤绮明  陈琦  黄骏腾  刘鸿 《广东农业科学》2013,40(18):108-110

为研究雷州黑鸭血液生化性状及其与体尺和肉质性状间的关系,随机选取12只300日龄雷州黑鸭（公、母各半）进行测定分析。结果显示：谷丙转氨酶（GPT）与骨盘宽呈显著性正相关,乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）与肌肉粗蛋白含量与半潜水长均呈极显著相关,与蒸煮损失率与胸宽呈显著相关,肌肉pH、胸宽与骨盘宽均呈显著性正相关,胸宽和骨盘宽均和半潜水长呈极显著正相关。典型相关分析结果为：血液生化性状跟体尺性状和肉品质性状间的第1个典型相关系数分别为0.874（P<0.05）、0.901（P<0.05）,分别占2组性状总相关信息的81.2%和90.6%,体尺性状和肉品质性状间的第1个典型相关系数为0.901（P<0.05）,占2组性状总相关信息的75.4%。结果表明,在3组性状中LDH、胸宽、半潜水长、肌肉pH和肌肉粗蛋白含量起主要作用,血液生化性状和肉质性状在3组性状间的相关性最高。  相似文献