非洲猪瘟对我国肉类价格波动的影响研究——基于PVAR模型的实证分析     

占志  李美琪  季勇  李辉尚 《中国农机化学报》2021,(1)

为明确非洲猪瘟对生猪等畜产品价格产生重要影响,构建包含非洲猪瘟疫情的猪肉等主要肉类产品价格的动态面板数据,运用PVAR模型研究非洲猪瘟疫情对猪肉、白条鸡、牛肉和羊肉四种主要肉类价格波动的动态影响。结果表明,非洲猪瘟疫情对肉类价格的影响并不一致,从冲击方向上看,非洲猪瘟疫情对猪肉价格的冲击主要为正,对白条鸡价格的冲击在考察期内均为正向,对牛羊肉价格的冲击在零值上下波动且并不显著;从冲击大小上看,非洲猪瘟疫情对猪肉的冲击影响最大,白条鸡价格次之、牛羊肉价格最小;从持续时间上看,非洲猪瘟疫情对白条鸡价格的冲击持续时间最长,猪肉价格次之、牛羊肉价格最短。在观察期内,四种主要肉类价格受到非洲猪瘟疫情的影响随着时间的推移不同程度的衰减,价格波动的主要影响取决于市场上供求关系的变化。应进一步强化生猪等养殖业规范化标准化生产,完善非洲猪瘟等动物疫情监测预警体系,加强生猪等畜产品市场供需调控,促进生猪等畜牧业的稳定可持续发展。  相似文献   

AMPK激活剂在绵羊精液冷冻保存中的作用研究     

汪棋  汪长建  魏宗友  陆汉希  姚晓磊  杨花  王锋  张艳丽 《畜牧兽医学报》2020,51(12):3033-3045

旨在研究AMPK激活剂二甲双胍（metformin，Met）和阿卡地新（acadesine，AICAR）对绵羊精液冷冻保存效果的影响。本研究首先在冷冻基础稀释液中分别添加不同浓度（0、100、200、300、400、500 μmol·L^-1）的Met和AICAR，冷冻解冻后根据精子活力、运动性能和结构完整性指标筛选出最佳的添加浓度（400 μmol·L^-1 Met、200 μmol·L^-1 AICAR）；然后分别使用不同的冷冻稀释液（对照组：稀释液；Met组：含400 μmol·L^-1 Met的稀释液；AICAR组：含200 μmol·L^-1 AICAR的稀释液）冷冻精液，解冻后检测精子中AMPK蛋白表达、顶体酶活性、代谢指标、线粒体功能以及抗氧化酶活性。结果表明，稀释液中添加400 μmol·L^-1 Met和200 μmol·L^-1AICAR均可显著提高解冻后精子活力、运动性能及精子结构完整性（P<0.05），其中400 μmol·L^-1 Met组精子总活力达43.20%，顶体完整率为91%，质膜完整率为46%。与对照组相比，Met组和AICAR组解冻后精子中AMPK磷酸化水平显著升高（P<0.05）；顶体酶活性显著提高（P<0.05）；丙酮酸水平显著下降（P<0.05），乳酸脱氢酶活性、乳酸以及ATP含量均显著升高（P<0.05）；与对照组相比，Met和AICAR组稀释液更有利于维持线粒体膜电位（P<0.05），提高ATP酶（P<0.05）以及抗氧化酶的活性（P<0.05）。添加适当浓度的AMPK激活剂可以提高绵羊精液冷冻保存的效果。  相似文献   

Ostrich meat: Production,quality parameters,and nutritional comparison to other types of meats     

《The Journal of Applied Poultry Research》2014,23(4):784-790

The poultry industry is considered one of the most efficient industries in producing animal protein. Poultry production consists of several main segments: broilers, commercial eggs, turkeys, ducks, and other poultry, including geese, guinea-fowl, pheasants, quail, and ratites. Currently, ostrich meat is marketed as a healthy red meat because it is characterized by high polyunsaturated fatty acid contents, low saturated fatty acid content, and low cholesterol level compared with red meats, such as beef, while tasting similar to lean beef. Ostrich meat contains lower sodium and higher iron contents than other kinds of meat, making it preferable to hypertensive people and those with anemia. Taken together, ostrich meat is considered as an ideal red meat for individuals seeking healthier lifestyle. Moreover, many different ostrich products, such as leather and feathers, are used by people. The current review paper considers the quality characteristics of ostrich meat, including physical traits, and compares it to other types of meats, such as bovine and other poultry meats.  相似文献   

羊IL-1Ra基因全长cDNA克隆及生物信息学分析     

水一鸣  刘楠楠  郭兴  邹德颖  翟菲菲  王路鹿  鞠丹迪  张士军  胡盼  李岩松  卢士英  周玉  柳增善  李兆辉  任洪林 《中国畜牧兽医》2018,45(3):598-603

试验旨在对羊白介素1受体颉颃因子（interleukin-1 receptor antagonist，IL-1Ra）基因进行全长cDNA克隆及生物学分析。根据布鲁氏菌感染羊白细胞层SSH cDNA文库中的IL-1Ra基因序列信息及已知核苷酸序列（GenBank登录号：KC425613.1）设计引物，利用RT-PCR结合RACE方法扩增并克隆IL-1Ra基因，对其进行序列及相关分子特性分析。结果表明，羊IL-1Ra基因全长为1 228 bp，可编码174个氨基酸，含有1个完整的IL-1保守结构域和1个IL-1Ra结构域（PHA02651结构域）。IL-1Ra分子质量为19 765.8 u，等电点（pI）为5.72，其分子式为C₈₈₅H₁₃₈₅N₂₃₅O₂₅₆S₁₁，且含有信号肽。二级结构分析显示，IL-1Ra分子存在较多的β折叠及受体结合位点，与三级结构预测结果一致，且与人/鼠IL-1Ra分子的空间结构相似度极高，达到90%以上。羊IL-1Ra有IL-1特有的三叶草结构，其酶结合结构域位于TYR⁴⁷至GLU⁶⁶之间。将羊IL-1Ra与牛、虎鲸、宽吻海豚、猪、家犬、人、鼠等14个物种进行蛋白质同源性比对，发现在各物种间存在5个高度同源的半胱氨酸位点。系统进化树分析发现，羊IL-1Ra基因全长cDNA所编码的氨基酸序列同山羊、牛单独形成一个分支。本研究结果为今后深入研究IL-1Ra基因的生物学功能奠定了基础。  相似文献   

Establishment and Optimization of INH Epitope Peptide Vaccine for Detection of Antibody     

ZHANG Ling-ling  YUE Yao-jing  FENG Rui-lin  LI Hong-feng  GUO Ting-ting  YUAN Chao  NIU Chun-e  LIU Jian-bin  SUN Xiao-ping  HAN Ji-long  LIU Shan-bo  YANG Bo-hui 《中国畜牧兽医》2016,43(8):2156-2163

In this study, an indirect ELISA method was established to detect inhibin hormone (INH) epitope peptide vaccine antibody, it would provide oretical reference for the determination of Fine-wool sheep after active immune body INH epitope peptide vaccine antibody. On the basis of the predecessors, using indirect ELISA method to determinate serum INH epitope peptide antibody levels of sheep, and through control different experimental conditions to look for the best experimental conditions. Through explorating the experimental conditions, finally, the testing experiment conditions were determined, which was blocked solution with skimmed milk powder, INH and GnIH synthetic peptides dilution degrees for 20 000 times, the optimum reaction time was 60 min, the best color action time was 15 min. In this experiment, a kind of method to detection antibody in the body after INH active immune sheep was built, it would provide a reference for future research.  相似文献   

西藏查吾拉地区不同性别牦牛产肉性能和肉营养成分的比较     

张强  达娃央拉  姬秋梅  信金伟  张成福  朱勇  洛桑顿珠  次旦央吉  孙光明  姜辉 《草业学报》2020,29(7):193-198

为了研究性别对查吾拉地区牦牛的产肉性能及肉营养成分的影响,随机选取8岁健康的查吾拉牦牛10头,公母各半,对不同组别间牦牛进行屠宰试验比较肉营养品质的差异。结果表明,母牦牛屠宰率、净肉率、胴体率、骨肉比均高于公牦牛,但无统计学差异。肉营养成分分析结果显示,母牦牛肉中维生素A、E、B₁₂、半胱氨酸、组氨酸、精氨酸、钙、硒、脂肪酸含量高于公牦牛(P<0.05)。研究结果表明,查吾拉牦牛富含较高的营养成分,可为人类提供优质健康的动物蛋白,具备作为优质牦牛肉源生产的潜力。相比较,母牦牛肉优于公牦牛。  相似文献   

冬闲地种草养鹅模式下不同鹅品种生长性能、屠宰性能、肉品质的比较     

周贝贝  李典辉  郭保地  张扬  徐琪  赵文明 《中国家禽》2020,(4):67-71

为比较冬闲地种草养鹅模式下不同鹅品种的生长发育、屠宰性能和肉品质,以28日龄四川白鹅、浙东白鹅、扬州鹅和霍尔多巴吉鹅为研究对象,采取全程草地放牧加补饲方式,每组3个重复,每个重复10只,于70日龄开展屠宰测定和肉品质测定。结果显示:①在整个生长发育期间,四个品种鹅在生长发育前期增重较大,后期趋于缓慢。在生长发育前期(28~49日龄),扬州鹅的周增重均不同程度地高于四川白鹅和浙东白鹅,但在36~42日龄时扬州鹅的体增重低于霍尔多巴吉鹅;在生长发育后期(50~70日龄),扬州鹅的体增重均高于其他三个品种鹅。②扬州鹅的屠宰率高于其他三个品种的鹅;扬州鹅的腹脂率为1.39%,显著低于其他三个品种鹅。③扬州鹅不同部位肌肉中水分含量最低,胶原含量最高;扬州鹅的胸肌中蛋白质含量显著高于其他三个品种鹅。综上所述,扬州鹅可作为种草养鹅的理想品种,研究结果为种草养鹅模式下适宜品种的选择提供了理论依据。  相似文献   

Puerarin improved growth performance and postmortem meat quality by regulating lipid metabolism of cattle under hot environment     

Tao Peng  Hanle Shang  Mingrui Yang  Yanjiao Li  Junrong Luo  Mingren Qu  Xinyu Zhang  Xiaozhen Song 《Animal Science Journal》2021,92(1):e13543

This study aims to evaluate the effect of puerarin on performance, meat quality, and serum indexes of beef cattle under hot environment. Thirty-two bulls were divided into four groups and fed diet supplemented with puerarin at 0, 200, 400, or 800 mg/kg. Results showed that heat stress was employed for 54 out of 60 days, 400 mg/kg group declined serum cortisol (COR) contents, all treatments increased the contents of total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, and total superoxide dismutase activity; in addition, glutathione peroxidase activity of 200 mg/kg group were enhanced, only 800 mg/kg group enhanced immunoglobulin (IgA, IgM, and IgG) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol contents compared with the control (p < .05). Moreover, 400-mg/kg puerarin increased serum growth hormone levels compared with 200 mg/kg group but declined COR concentrations compared with 200 mg/kg and 800 mg/kg groups (p < .05). More importantly, average daily gain and daily matter intake, and intramuscular fat contents of 400 mg/kg group were enhanced, but the shear force of beef in 400 mg/kg and 800 mg/kg groups were declined compared with the control (p < .05). These findings indicated that supplemental with puerarin enhanced immune and antioxidant, and 400 mg/kg of puerarin improved performance and meat quality by normalizing levels of stress hormones and increasing intramuscular fat deposition of beef cattle under hot environment.  相似文献   

延边黄牛ATF3基因组织表达及其多态性与肉质性状的相关性分析     

邵静  尹宝珍  焦石  张珈溯  张洛萌  耿春银  夏广军 《中国畜牧兽医》2020,47(2):488-496

  相似文献   

Are dual-purpose and male layer chickens more resilient against a low-protein-low-soybean diet than slow-growing broilers?     

M. Kreuzer  S. Müller  L. Mazzolini  R. E. Messikommer  I. D. M. Gangnat 《British poultry science》2020,61(1):33-42

ABSTRACT

1. Although fattening dual-purpose types or male layer hybrid chickens appears more ethical than the common practice of culling day-old male layer chicks, the lower feed efficiency of these birds raises concerns. Replacing feed ingredients that compete with food production by those of lower value for human nutrition would be beneficial.

2. Lohmann Dual (LD), a modern dual-purpose type, Lohmann Brown (LB), a male layer hybrid, and Hubbard JA 957 (HU), a slow-growing broiler type, were fattened for nine weeks on two diets (control or ?20% crude protein; n = 6 × 12 birds). Growth, carcass and meat quality were analysed.

3. Growth performance of HU exceeded that of LD and especially of LB. The growth depression caused by the low-protein diet fed to LD (?7%) was only half of that found in HU (?13%). The LD fed the control diet had the same feed efficiency as the HU fed the low-protein diet. Even the LB had a lower performance and feed efficiency with the low-protein diet in growth. There was a gradient in carcass properties (weight, dressing percentage, breast meat yield, breast proportion and breast angle) from HU to LD to LB, with some additional adverse effects of the low-protein diet especially in HU. There were some breed differences in fatty acid profile in the intramuscular fat.

4. In conclusion, the dual-purpose type used complied with regulations for Swiss organic poultry systems in terms of growth rate and was found to respond less when fed a low-protein diet than the slow-growing broiler type. The LB males were inferior in all growth and carcass quality traits. Future studies need to determine the exact protein and amino acid requirements of dual-purpose and layer hybrid chickens and the economic feasibility of the systems, especially for organic farming.  相似文献