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Wenlei Cao Xinxin Cao Jianhua Zhao Zhaoyang Zhang Zhiming Feng Shouqiang Ouyang Shimin Zuo 《水稻科学》2020,27(2):101-112
MicroRNAs(miRNAs) are about 22 nucleotides regulatory non-coding RNAs that play versatile roles in reprogramming plant responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. However, it remains unknown whether miRNAs confer the resistance to necrotrophic fungus Rhizoctonia solani in rice. To investigate whether miRNAs regulate the resistance to R. solani, we constructed 12 small RNA libraries from susceptible and resistant rice cultivars treated with water/pathogen at 5 h post inoculation(hpi), 10 hpi and 20 hpi, respectively. By taking the advantage of next-generation sequencing, we totally collected 400–450 known mi RNAs and 450–620 novel miRNAs from the libraries. Expression analysis of mi RNAs demonstrated different patterns for known and novel miRNAs upon R. solani challenge. Thirty-four mi RNA families were identified to be expressed specifically in rice, and most of them were involved in plant disease resistance. A particular Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG) pathway analysis result revealed that a great majority of target genes of regulated miRNAs belonged to the pathway of plant-pathogen interaction. Moreover, miR444 b.2, miR531 a, mir1861 i, novel_miR1956 and novel_miR135 conferred response to R. solani infection confirmed by Northern blot. Our global understanding of miRNA profiling revealed that the regulation of mi RNAs may be implicated in the control of rice immunity to R. solani. Analysis of the expression of miRNAs will offer the community with a direction to generate appropriate strategies for controlling rice sheath blight disease. 相似文献
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Peter Vegh Amir B.K. Foroushani David A. Magee Matthew S. McCabe John A. Browne Nicolas C. Nalpas Kevin M. Conlon Stephen V. Gordon Daniel G. Bradley David E. MacHugh David J. Lynn 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》2013
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are important regulators of gene expression and are known to play a key role in regulating both adaptive and innate immunity. Bovine alveolar macrophages (BAMs) help maintain lung homeostasis and constitute the front line of host defense against several infectious respiratory diseases, such as bovine tuberculosis. Little is known, however, about the role miRNAs play in these cells. In this study, we used a high-throughput sequencing approach, RNA-seq, to determine the expression levels of known and novel miRNAs in unchallenged BAMs isolated from lung lavages of eight different healthy Holstein–Friesian male calves. Approximately 80 million sequence reads were generated from eight BAM miRNA Illumina sequencing libraries, and 80 miRNAs were identified as being expressed in BAMs at a threshold of at least 100 reads per million (RPM). The expression levels of miRNAs varied over a large dynamic range, with a few miRNAs expressed at very high levels (up to 800,000 RPM), and the majority lowly expressed. Notably, many of the most highly expressed miRNAs in BAMs have known roles in regulating immunity in other species (e.g. bta-let-7i, bta-miR-21, bta-miR-27, bta-miR-99b, bta-miR-146, bta-miR-147, bta-miR-155 and bta-miR-223). The most highly expressed miRNA in BAMs was miR-21, which has been shown to regulate the expression of antimicrobial peptides in Mycobacterium leprae-infected human monocytes. Furthermore, the predicted target genes of BAM-expressed miRNAs were found to be statistically enriched for roles in innate immunity. In addition to profiling the expression of known miRNAs, the RNA-seq data was also analysed to identify potentially novel bovine miRNAs. One putatively novel bovine miRNA was identified. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first RNA-seq study to profile miRNA expression in BAMs and provides an important reference dataset for investigating the regulatory roles miRNAs play in this important immune cell type. 相似文献
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猪背最长肌与腰大肌microRNA表达谱分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
【目的】为研究microRNA在猪肌肉生长发育中的作用。【方法】采用Illumina高通量测序技术对猪背最长肌和腰大肌的microRNA转录组进行测定,并鉴定差异表达的microRNA。【结果】在猪背最长肌和腰大肌文库中分别产生了15.22M和17.52M的序列;两个文库共检测到的695个microRNA,其中有363个共表达、193个差异极显著(P<0.01)。【结论】说明microRNA在不同骨骼肌类型中存在差异表达。 相似文献
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为了研究人乳汁中的microRNAs（miRNAs）在体外储存状态下的稳定性。本研究采用模拟体PbYL汁储存条件,对乳汁进行室温孵育24h,反复冻融6次,100℃孵育10min,以及模拟体内消化环境（RNA酶～T137℃孵育1h）的处理条件,通过实时荧光定量PCR（qRT．PCR）方法检测处理前后乳汁中9个内源性免疫相关和1个外源性人工合成miRNA的相对表达量变化差异。研究结果显示：处理前后乳汁中内源性miRNAs和外源性miRNA均显著性降解（p〈0．01）。内源性miRNAs降解为初始量的25％～70％之间,而外源性miRNA则急剧降解至初始量的0．06％～0．96％。我们的实验表明人乳汁中内源性的miRNAs较外源性miRNAs在体外不同环境下具有更强的稳定性。 相似文献
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microRNA是一类长度约为22个核苷酸的内源性非编码RNA,并能以特定的方式与靶基因结合,从而抑制靶基因的翻译或使其降解。microRNA只有在受到致病因素（如环境因素）的影响以及病理状态下,其表达量才会发生改变,因此microRNA具有成为各种疾病的诊断生物标志物的可能。目前有大量研究表明microRNA参与冠心病发生发展,但其作用机制尚未完全阐明,本文从microRNA的特性、microRNA与冠心病、microRNA与中医证候等方面对近年来国内外的研究做一综述。 相似文献
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为了探明小鼠体细胞重编程过程中miR367的作用机制,试验构建小鼠miR367逆转录病毒载体。根据NCBI上小鼠miR367的相关序列,从小鼠基因组中扩增miR367并将其连接到pMD18-T载体,然后对重组质粒进行双酶切并回收目的片段。将目的片段与pMXs逆转录病毒载体连接,然后依次经过酶切、PCR筛选阳性克隆和测序,最终构建逆转录病毒载体miR367-pMXs;采用磷酸钙法将miR367-pMXs转染plat-E细胞,以包装逆转录病毒颗粒;用逆转录病毒颗粒侵染小鼠胚胎成纤维细胞,在侵染后的第5天,提取被侵染细胞的总RNA,逆转录后获得cDNA,并采用Q-PCR方法检测侵染细胞中的miR367表达量。结果表明,被逆转录病毒侵染后,小鼠胚胎成纤维细胞中miR367的相对表达量比侵染前约提高了170倍。上述结果表明,成功构建小鼠miR367的逆转录病毒载体,为开展体细胞重编程机制的相关研究提供依据。 相似文献
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【目的】microRNA是一类长度为21~23 nt的非编码小分子RNA,对动植物的正常发育具有非常重要的调节作用。水稻Os-miR390的功能可能与生长素应答相关,拟采用转基因方法研究其生物学功能。【方法】根据水稻Os-miR390的前体RNA结构特点合理设计引物,从水稻基因组中克隆出其前体DNA片段,将其构建在玉米UbiI启动子驱动的表达载体中,并转入水稻。【结果】利用PCR成功地从水稻基因组中扩增出了Os-miR390前体基因,并将其构建在UbiI水稻组成型启动子下。经农杆菌介导,将其成功转入水稻愈伤,获得抗性幼苗,经过PCR检测,得到阳性转基因植株。【结论】T0代转基因植株表现叶片黄化的特征,待T1至T2代性状稳定后结合研究靶基因可深入研究其功能。 相似文献
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Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), a single-stranded RNA virus, mainly infects cells of monocyte/macrophage lineage. Recently, host microRNAs were shown to be capable of modulating PRRSV infection and replication by multiple ways such as targeting viral genomic RNA, targeting viral receptor and inducing antiviral response. MicroRNAs are small RNAs and have emerged as important regulators of virus-host cell interactions. In this review, we discuss the identified functions of host microRNAs in relation to PRRSV infection and propose that cellular microRNAs may have a substantial effect on cell or tissue tropism of PRRSV. 相似文献
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【目的】填补绒毛状烟草（Nicotiana tomentosiformis）和林烟草（Nicotiana sylvestris）在miRNA相关领域的研究空白,揭示普通烟草（Nicotiana tabacum）的生长发育调控机理。【方法】在绒毛状烟草和林烟草全基因组中预测并分析miRNA及其靶基因,通过同源比对及miRNA前体二级结构特征进行预测：参考序列在绒毛状烟草和林烟草基因组的比对中,允许最多1-2个错配;miRNA二级结构为经典茎环结构,其中MEF最大值为-25,MEFI最小值为0.85,预测的miRNA与已知的同一家族的miRNA位于发夹结构的同一条臂上;去除E值小于等于1e-6的编码蛋白的序列。【结果】在绒毛状烟草中得到39个家族的162条miRNA,包括14对正/反义miRNA和5个基因簇。在林烟草中得到40个家族的169条miRNA,包括13对正/反义miRNA和3个基因簇。2个野生烟草在保守度高的miRNA家族中,其成员分布相似,且成员数相近。在保守度相对较低的家族中,2个野生烟草其成员分布差异较为明显,其中,miR5021、miR5203等9个家族仅在绒毛状烟草中有成员,miR1446、miR1509等10个家族仅在林烟草中有成员。2种野生烟草的正义miRNA与反义miRNA都有着1-4个碱基差异,这些差异位点在不同的家族中呈现出偏好性,而且在2种野生烟草中偏好性相似：miR164家族的9、12、13个碱基处,miR172家族的1、21个碱基处,miR396家族的2、17个碱基处,miR399家族的15、20个碱基处。2种野生烟草的基因簇主要是由miR156、miR169家族组成,其前体的间距小于350 nt,同时在绒毛状烟草中首次发现miR6019/miR6020基因簇。以普通烟草的unigene数据库作为靶基因集进行预测与分析,在绒毛状烟草122条miRNA中得到749个靶基因,去掉重复基因得到非冗余靶基因206条,其中89条（43%）得到GO功能注释;在林烟草中117条miRNA得到650个靶基因,去掉重复基因得到非冗余靶基因169条,其中78条（46%）得到GO功能注释。在分子功能方面,大多数靶基因具有结合等活性。在生物学过程中,靶基因主要参与了发育过程、生殖过程、多细胞器官发育过程、胁迫应答过程等。【结论】控制发育和多细胞器官发育过程的靶基因数方面以林烟草居多,而胁迫应答的靶基因数以绒毛状烟草较多。 相似文献