环境因素影响牦母牛最高月产奶量的研究     

文勇立  陈智华 《四川畜牧兽医》2002,29(Z1):26-28

牦母牛的最高月产奶量是具有重要育种价值和生产意义的数量性状,研究影响最高月产奶量的环境因素,可以通过提高月产奶量来实现提高牦母牛产奶性能的目的.孕前期体重和管理因素对最高月产奶量的影响极显著(p＜0.01),孕后期简单补饲的影响显著p＜0.05).孕前期体重因素中最差水平组可减少最高月产奶量达 18.3kg(49.75%,p＜0.01),管理因素中最好水平组比最差水平组增加最高月产奶量达14.9kg(5.92%,p＜0.01),孕后期简单补饲组比对照组增加最高月产奶量达5.6kg(11.9,p＜0.05).  相似文献   

关于加速雅安奶业产业化进程的思考与对策     

郑开基  丁建平 《四川畜牧兽医》2002,29(Z1):107-108

通过招商引资壮大雅安市现有乳品加工企业的能力与水平,带动奶业基地发展;建立奶业协会,破除当前条块分割、体制不顺等问题,提高农民养奶牛奶羊的组织化程度;建设奶业高种园区,提高科技贡献率,充分利用雅安发展奶业得天独厚的优越条件及大好机遇,超常规跨越式发展,使雅安市成为四川奶业强市.  相似文献   

Detection of Brucella species in the milk of infected cattle,sheep, goats and camels by PCR     

Hamdy ME  Amin AS 《Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)》2002,163(3):1466-305

One hundred and three milk samples were collected from 52 cows, 21 ewes, 18 goats and 12 camels. The animals tested positive to at least one of the following: (1) standard tube agglutination test (SAT); (2) Rose Bengal plate test (RBPT); (3) milk ring test (MRT). All milk samples were examined by culture and single-step polymerase chain reaction (PCR) techniques for detection of Brucella species. The PCR assay amplified Brucella-DNA from 29 bovine milk samples, 10 from sheep, 13 from goats and one from a camel. The direct culture method detected Brucella organisms from 24 samples of cows' milk, 12 from sheep, 10 from goats and failed to detect any Brucella organisms from camels' milk. PCR detected up to 100 colony forming units (CFU) of B. abortus per millilitre of milk in 100% of diluted milk samples, and 1000 CFU of B. melitensis from 70% of milk samples. Although the overall sensitivity of the PCR was higher than the culture method, it should be possible to increase the sensitivity to detect lower numbers of Brucella organisms in field samples. The speed and sensitivity of the PCR assay suggest that this technique could be useful for detection of Brucella organisms in bovine milk, as well as in sheep, goat, and camels milk.  相似文献   

Organic Seed-treatment as a Substitute for Chemical Seed-treatment to Control Common Bunt of Wheat     

Munzer El-Naimi  Hala Toubia-Rahme  Omar F. Mamluk 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2000,106(5):433-437

Common bunt of wheat, caused by Tilletia laevis and T. tritici, is a major seed and soil-borne disease in West Asia and North Africa. The use of resistant cultivars and chemical seed-treatments are the current control measures used to combat this disease. The aim of this study was to investigate alternative control measures to chemical seed-treatments that are environmentally friendly to support cultivar resistance. Several organic nutrients [skimmed milk powder, hucket (local skimmed milk) and wheat flour] at a concentration of 160g per kg of seeds were used as seed-treatments on two susceptible bread and durum wheat cultivars (Bau and Sebou, respectively) to examine their effectiveness in controlling the disease. Field trials over four years showed that skimmed milk powder, hucket, and wheat flour reduced common bunt infection levels by 96%, 93% and 62%, respectively. In most cases, the effectiveness of the skimmed milk powder and hucket was equal to the chemical seed-treatment; thus, these organic nutrients offer an effective and environmentally safe alternative to chemical treatments. However, a study of their economic value as well as of their effect on seed germination, and field emergence is needed.  相似文献   

影响原料奶发酵因素的初探及其控制     

李梅芝  王少武  马伟华  李文献  杨启恒 《乳业科学与技术》2007,29(6):303-304,307

通过用保加利亚乳杆菌和嗜热链球菌(1:1)3%的接种量,42.5℃培养,做发酵试验分析,主要存在以下几个因素影响着原料乳的发酵质量:抗生素的残留量、原始酸度和pH值、蛋白含量和总固体含量。通过实验发现脂肪对其影响不大。  相似文献   

饲料中添加烟酸对夏季奶牛产奶性能的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

耿艳红 《中国饲料》2007,(7):24-25

试验选取9头泌乳早期处于热应激的荷斯坦牛,采用3×3拉丁方设计,分别饲喂基础日粮(对照组)和在基础日粮中添加5g/d和10g/d烟酸日粮,研究添加烟酸对奶牛生产性能影响。结果表明:添加5g/d和10g/d烟酸可使奶牛产奶量分别提高13.20%和9.39%(P<0.05);而4%标准乳量无显著差异(P>0.05);添加烟酸对乳蛋白和乳脂率无显著影响(P>0.05)。  相似文献   

奶牛酒精阳性乳与自由基代谢及乳腺损伤关系的研究   总被引：6，自引：1，他引：6  

王林  王振勇  李龙  曹爱智  王彦明  王鹏  王永 《畜牧兽医学报》2006,37(4):384-388

对酒精阳性乳患牛衄清与乳清中的抗氧化指标进行了检测，从自由基代谢与损伤的角度探讨了酒精阳性乳的发病机理；同时检测了阳性牛血清与全乳中微量元素Zn、Cu、Mn、Fe的含量，分析了微量元素含量变化与自由基代谢的关系。试验结果显示阳性牛体内发生了过度的过氧化反应，机体总抗氧化能力下降，机体的扰氧化系统已不能有效地清除活性氧及代谢产物，过多的氧自由基可能对乳腺上皮分泌细胞细胞膜造成微损伤，从而引起乳腺细胞分泌异常乳。  相似文献   

牛乳中超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化氢酶测定及热稳定性研究     

马森 《乳业科学与技术》2006,28(1):7-8

对8头成年黑白花乳牛乳中SOD和CAT的活性进行测定;研究2种酶的热稳定性。SOD(U/mL)测定结果:新鲜乳为44.23±4.06,75℃/15s处理后为43.71±6.56,无显著变化(p>0.05),95℃/1min处理后为37.15±5.82,活性降低约15%(p<0.05);CAT活性(U/mL)分别为2.02±1.69,3.40±2.46,1.85±1.19,升温对CAT活性无显著影响(p>0.05)。  相似文献   

The effect of breed, stage of lactation and parity on sheep milk fat CLA content under the same feeding practices   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

E. Tsiplakou  K.C. Mountzouris  G. Zervas 《Livestock Science》2006,105(1-3):162-167

The cis-9, trans-11 C_18:2 (CLA) content in milk fat of four pure sheep breeds (Awassi, Lacaune, Friesland and Chios) was examined. All sheep were kept indoors all year round under the same feeding practices, without any grazing at all. Sheep nutrition was based on alfalfa hay and concentrates. A total of 237 individual milk samples were collected at three sampling times (December, January and March) from sheep of different parity and different days in milk, for CLA determination. The results showed that: (a) there was a large variation in milk fat CLA content among individuals consuming the same diet, (b) the CLA content of milk fat was lower in Friesland breed, compared to the other three breeds but without any significant difference among the four sheep breeds, (c) the CLA content of milk fat was not affected by ewes parity or days in milk, (d) there was a negative but not significant correlation between milk fat and CLA concentration, (e) the CLA content of milk fat was not correlated with milk yield. In conclusion, no others factors, such as breed, parity, days in milk, etc., can affect CLA content in milk fat, which means that the dietary ones remain the sovereign factors explaining the highest proportion of CLA content variability in sheep milk fat.  相似文献   

乳酸菌发酵青贮对奶牛产奶量及乳成分的影响     

刘飞  范丽平  侯俊财  杨丽杰  霍贵成 《家畜生态》2006,(4)

利用从优质青贮饲料中分离鉴定并筛选的2株乳酸菌进行全株玉米的青贮中试试验,玉米青贮30天即可成熟。感官评定的结果表明,乳酸菌处理组的青贮饲料品质比对照组显著提高(p<0.05)饲喂添加乳酸菌的玉米青贮饲料对奶牛的产奶量没有显著影响,但是牛乳中蛋白质和非脂乳固体的含量也显著提高(p<0.05),而对乳脂肪的含量没有影响。  相似文献