不同鳊鲂属鱼类群体的形态差异分析   总被引：5，自引：2，他引：3  

陈杰  李福贵  黄创新  蒋霞云  邹曙明 《上海海洋大学学报》2014,23(3):388-394

运用3种多元统计方法对我国鳊属长春鳊(Parabramis.pekinensis)、鲂属团头鲂(Megalobrama.amblycephala)、东江三角鲂(Megalobrama.terminalis)、钱塘江三角鲂(Megalobrama.terminalis)、厚颌鲂(Megalobrama.pellegrini)和广东鲂(Megalobrama.hoffmanni)6个群体的可数性状、可量性状和框架性状的形态学差异进行了分析。结果显示,鳊鲂属鱼类6群体在侧线鳞数、侧线上鳞数、侧线下鳞数、背鳍条数、胸鳍条数、腹鳍条数、臀鳍条数等7项形态可数性状上的差异不显著(P0.05)。对9项可量比例参数和20项框架比例参数的聚类分析结果表明,团头鲂与同属的厚颌鲂、三角鲂亲缘关系较近,这3个鲂属种群与鳊属长春鳊形态差异较大,与同为鲂属的广东鲂形态差别最大;另外,聚类分析表明三角鲂的2个地理群体(东江三角鲂、钱塘江三角鲂)也存在一定的形态差异。判别分析构建了鳊鲂属鱼类6群体的判别函数,其综合判别率为93.7%。主成分分析提取的前2个主成分的累积贡献率为77.9%,其中主成分1的贡献率为70.9%,对鳊鲂属鱼类群体间形态学差异起决定性作用的特征集中在背腹轴方向。  相似文献   

应用形态度量学方法对中华纹胸鮡和福建纹胸鮡物种有效性的研究   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

谢仲桂  张鹗  何舜平 《华中农业大学学报》2001,20(2)

采用形态度量学方法对分布于长江、珠江、九龙江、海南岛和闽江的福建纹胸和中华纹胸 12 6个个体框架结构测量中的 2 3个指标进行了主成分分析 ,以探求中华纹胸和福建纹胸的物种有效性。初步研究结果表明各样本贡献值较大的前 4个主成分在数值上并没有明显的差异。显然 ,以上 2个物种在形态上并没有明显的区别 ,福建纹胸应为中华纹胸的同物异名 ,而不应为一个独立的物种  相似文献   

Yellow-bellied or white-bellied? Identity of Arabian house bats (Vespertilionidae: Scotophilus) revealed from mitochondrial DNA and morphology     

《African Zoology》2013,48(2):350-361

The yellow-bellied Scotophilus dinganii is the only African house bat species reported to occur in the Arabian Peninsula. Formerly, the Arabian house bats were referred to similar-looking white-bellied S. leucogaster, which differs from S. dinganii mainly by the colour of ventral pelage. We reassessed the taxonomic status of house bats from southwestern Yemen using genetic and morphological analyses. The Yemeni specimens clustered within two distantly related mitochondrial lineages of African Scotophilus: East African S. aff. dinganii, which is a paraphyletic group to S. dinganii s.str. from South Africa, andWest African S. leucogaster. This taxonomic assignation was based on published sequences of reference museum specimens. Differences in external and cranial measurements also indicated the presence of two distinct taxa in Yemen. The Yemeni and comparative Ethiopian populations of S. aff. dinganii showed close morphological similarity to the type specimen of S. nigrita colias from Kenya. Because the Yemeni and Ethiopian yellow-bellied house bats cannot be synonymized with S. dinganii, the designation S. colias is tentatively suggested for this particular East African and Yemeni lineage of the S. dinganii complex. However, final correspondence of this name with the respective populations or applicability of some of other available names must yet be explored. Based on environmental differences of the Yemeni localities of origin, S. colias appears to be ecologically delimited to mountainous habitats, while S. leucogaster to harsh lowland deserts. This is consistent with known habitats of African populations of both species.  相似文献   

Body shape variation in two species of darters (Etheostoma,Percidae) and its relation to the environment          下载免费PDF全文

Garrett W. Hopper  Reid L. Morehouse  Michael Tobler 《Ecology of Freshwater Fish》2017,26(1):4-18

Environmental variation can shape phenotypic variation in organisms, but most evidence for trait differentiation comes from analyses of dichotomous habitat types that differ in only one or few key environmental factors. In reality, environmental variation is often more subtle, gradual and multifarious. Here, we investigated geographic variation in body shape of two darter species (Etheostoma spectabile and Etheostoma flabellare; Percidae) that occur along river gradients. This study addressed three specific questions: Is there intraspecific geographic variation in the two species across different sites in the Ozark Highlands of Oklahoma (USA)? Is phenotypic variation across sites correlated with abiotic environmental conditions? Do the two species share site‐specific (i.e. convergent) phenotypic variation in areas where they occur together? Our results indicated significant body shape variation in both species. Population differences in body shape were particularly correlated with variation in substrate composition. The combined analysis of both species indicated a small but significant effect of convergence on body shape wherever they are sympatric; shared variation, however, was not related to any environmental variables included in the analysis. While it remains unclear whether phenotypic variation in these species is due to heritable differentiation or environmentally induced plasticity, our results indicate that even subtle and gradual environmental variation can induce substantial variation in phenotypes on a relatively small spatial scale.  相似文献   

Hybridization and invasive species in a threatened freshwater fish community under environmental pressures: Morphometric and molecular evidence     

Lucía Galvez-Bravo  Anabel Perdices  R. J. De Miguel  Ángela Lambea-Camblor  Charlotte Penney  Carlo Meloro  Begoña Martinez-Cruz  Richard P. Brown 《水产资源保护:海洋与淡水生态系统》2024,34(1):e4046

Phenotypic effects of antibiotic‐induced axenity and egg disinfection in early larval European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax L.)          下载免费PDF全文

Spyridon Nikolakakis  Kristof Dierckens  Peter Bossier  Dominique Adriaens 《Aquaculture Research》2018,49(7):2536-2552

In the present study, the hypothesis that the difference in axenic conditions in the incubation and rearing environment of European seabass larvae induces size and shape effects on the specimens is tested. This difference is studied between xenic and axenic seabass larvae of DAH (day after hatching) 0, 5, 11 and 15. The axenic rearing protocol involves an egg disinfection with glutaraldehyde after the primary one with iodine in the hatchery, and the hypothesis that this secondary disinfection induces size and shape effects is also tested. In order to accomplish this, three egg and larvae treatments are included: “DA” (disinfected axenic), “DX” (disinfected xenic) and “NX” (nondisinfected xenic). Regarding the effect of antibiotic‐induced axenity, DA larvae exhibited larger bodies than both DX and NX on DAH 5 and 11. They also had a smaller yolk sac than DX at hatching, but consumed it slower. Towards the end of the experiment, DA larvae were thicker, but slightly more curved than DX and NX, which may be an abnormal shape, or a slightly more advanced ontogenetic stage. As far as egg disinfection, it had significant but very moderate shape effects on DAH 5 and 11, and disinfected larvae consumed their yolk sac faster. To the best of our knowledge, this study is one of the first to illustrate the subtle but significant size and shape effects caused by antibiotic‐induced axenity and secondary egg disinfection in the early larval stages, which suggest the existence of bacterial mechanisms that play a phenotypic role.  相似文献   

Effects of Reduced Carbonate Saturation State on Early Development in the Common Edible Sea Urchin Lytechinus variegatus: Implications for Land-Based Aquaculture     

Roberta C. Challener  James B. McClintock  Robert Makowsky 《Journal Of Applied Aquaculture》2013,25(2):154-175

Land-based aquaculture facilities often utilize additional bicarbonate sources such as commercial sea salts that are designed to boost alkalinity in order to buffer seawater against reductions in pH. Despite these preventative measures, many facilities are likely to face occasional reductions in pH and corresponding reductions in carbonate saturation states due to the accumulation of metabolic waste products. We investigated the impact of reduced carbonate saturation states (Ω_Ca, Ω_Ar) on embryonic developmental rates, larval developmental rates, and echinoplutei skeletal morphometrics in the common edible sea urchin Lytechinus variegatus under high alkalinity conditions. Commercial artificial seawater was bubbled with a mixture of air and CO₂ gas to reduce the carbonate saturation state. Rates of embryonic and larval development were significantly delayed in both the low and extreme low carbonate saturation state groups relative to the control at a given time. Although symmetry of overall skeletal body lengths was not affected, allometric relationships were significantly different between treatment groups. Larvae reared under ambient conditions had significantly greater postoral arm and overall body lengths relative to body lengths than larvae grown under extreme low carbonate saturation state conditions, indicating that extreme changes in the carbonate system affected not only developmental rates but also larval skeletal shape. Reduced rates of embryonic development and delayed and altered larval skeletal growth are likely to negatively impact larval culturing of L. variegatus in land-based, intensive culture situations where calcite and aragonite saturation states are lowered by the accumulation of metabolic waste products.  相似文献   

Morphology and life history of the Great Slave Lake ciscoes (Salmoniformes: Coregonidae)     

Andrew M. Muir  Paul Vecsei  Michael Power  Charles C. Krueger  James D. Reist 《Ecology of Freshwater Fish》2014,23(3):453-469

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Thin-Plate Spline Analysis of Diversity in Field Populations of Codling Moth,Cydia pomonella L. （Lep., Tortricidae） in North West of Iran     

S. Khaghaninia  S. A. Mohammadi  A. M. Sarafrazi  K. Haddad Irani Nejad  R. Zahiri 《农业科学与技术》2011,(1):35-41

In order to study morphological diversity of codling moth, Cydia pomonella （L.） using thin-plate spline analysis, nine geographical populations from four north western provinces of Iran namely East Azarbayjan, West Azarbayjan, Ardebil and Zandjan were collected during 2003 and 2004. 575 and 564 images were prepared from fore and hind wings, respectively. Then 15 and 11 landmarks were determined from fore and hind wings, respectively. With transforming of landmark＇s two dimensional coordinate data into partial warp scores, 26 and 18 scores were generated for fore and hind wings, respectively. Cluster analysis based on wing shape variables using Ward＇s algorithm assigned nine geographical populations into two groups. The pattern of grouping based on fore and hind wings was different in both sexes. Principal component analysis revealed discrimination between geographic populations and confirmed the result of cluster analysis. Among environmental parameters, wind speed showed the highest correlation with wing shape variables. Non significant correlation was observed between geographic and morphological distance matrices as revealed by Mantel test.  相似文献   

Patterns of morphometric variation in the alpine newt (Mesotriton alpestris) at the southern limit of its distribution: environmental correlates     

Konstantinos SOTIROPOULOS  Anastasios LEGAKIS  Rosa Maria POLYMENI 《Integrative zoology》2008,3(2):123-133

We applied multivariate analyses to an array of body measures of alpine newt specimens derived from 11 local populations in Greece to describe, analyse and detect patterns and putative causes of within‐population and among‐population morphometric variation. The observed morphometric variation was partitioned into several independently varying aspects of the external phenotype, frequently following variation patterns in different environmental factors. The size and features of the aquatic habitat were found to affect body size, while altitude was found to affect head‐shape variation in both sexes. At the intra‐population level, variation in generalized body size and shape was found to be significantly lower when competitive newt species were present in the habitat, indicating stabilizing selection towards a decrease in inter‐specific competition. No clear discrimination on body size and shape proportions was detected between the two genetic lineages examined, implying ecogenetic or environmentally induced variation rather than phylogeny.  相似文献