排序方式： 共有52条查询结果，搜索用时 15 毫秒
41.
In India, zinc (Zn) has been recognized as the fourth most important yield-limiting nutrient after nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K). Supplementing the zinc (Zn) requirement of agricultural crops through water soluble zinc sulfate ZnSO4 fertilizer is a costly management option whereas, utilization of ZnO (water insoluble and a cheaper material) as a source of Zn could be an alternative cost effective option to encourage farmers for wider adoption. In this present investigation, in order to supply the requisite amount of Zn to the plants, a protocol has been developed to coat the seeds of maize (Zea mays L.), soybean (Glycine max L.), pigeon pea (Cajanas cajan L.) and ladies finger (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) with microns scale (<3 µm) and nano-scale (<100 nm) ZnO powder at 25 mg Zn/g seed and at 50 mg Zn/g seed. Different Zn sources, ethyl alcohol, and crude pine oleoresin (POR) were used for coating of seeds. The germination test carried out with coated and uncoated seeds indicated better germination percentage (93–100%) due to ZnO coating as compared to uncoated seeds (80%). Pot culture experiment conducted with coated seeds also revealed that the crop growth with ZnO coated seeds were similar to that observed with soluble Zn treatment applied as zinc sulfate heptahydrate (ZnSO4·7H2O) (at 2.5 ppm Zn) which is evident from the periodic SPAD reading taken after 20, 25, 30 and 45 days after sowing. Application of Zn through different sources also enhanced the auxin indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) production in plant roots, which subsequently improved the overall growth. The most important advantage of seed coating with ZnO (both micron/nano-scale) is that it did not exert any osmotic potential at the time of germination of the seed, thus, the total requirement of Zn of the crop can be loaded with the seed effectively through nano-scale ZnO particle. 相似文献
42.
纳米二氧化钛抗菌防雾膜的制备表征及对草莓的保鲜效果 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
为延长果蔬的货架期,制备了由防雾剂(司班-20和吐温-20)和纳米二氧化钛组成的防雾膜。测定了该膜的光学性能、防雾性能、水蒸气透过率(WVTR)、接触角(CA)、扫描电镜(SEM)等性能,并与对照膜进行了比较。研究表明,P-ST膜和P-ST-Ti O2膜均有具有良好的防雾性,但P-ST-TiO_2膜的防雾性更加稳定长效。P-ST-TiO_2膜的接触角最小为12.5°,水蒸气透过率最高达到4.871 g/m2·d。通过添加纳米二氧化钛,P-TiO_2膜和P-ST-TiO_2膜均具备了紫外线阻隔性。草莓保鲜试验显示,P-ST-TiO 2膜可在室温下延长草莓货架期1周。P-ST-Ti O2膜可作为一种有潜力的防雾包装材料来提高果蔬的货架期。 相似文献
43.
传统的物理和化学药剂防治等调控措施已不能满足农业植物病害防控需求,迫切需要寻求新的技术和措施。近年来,纳米技术在植物病害防控方面取得了突破性研究进展,为纳米技术成为现代化农业高效生产和可持续发展的强有力工具奠定了基础。为深入了解纳米技术在植物病害防控中应用的研究进展及其实践应用,主要从2个层面综述了纳米技术在植物病害防控中的应用,包括无机纳米材料和金属纳米材料对植物病原菌的抗菌性研究,利用纳米农药和纳米载体防治植物病害的研究现状,指出了纳米技术在病害防控中的不足之处,同时展望了纳米技术在未来农业领域的发展趋势和重要地位,为利用新兴纳米技术高效、绿色防治植物病害提供重要的理论依据和实践应用指导。 相似文献
44.
纳米技术在食品工业中的应用研究进展 总被引：9，自引：1，他引：8
曾晓雄 《湖南农业大学学报(自然科学版)》2007,33(1):90-95
纳米科技是在纳米尺度理解、控制和操纵物质世界的一项科学技术,已在材料、化工、医药、食品、能源等领域得到应用.对纳米技术在食品加工、食品包装和食品分析检测上的应用研究以及纳米食品的安全性问题进行了综述. 相似文献
45.
细菌耐药性问题已成为全世界的共同挑战,其导致抗菌药物的作用下降,细菌性疾病发病率及死亡率不断攀升。疾病治疗难度加大、治疗费用增加以及动物生产力的持续降低,给畜牧养殖业造成严重经济损失。因此,寻找新方案以对抗耐药细菌尤为重要。纳米技术于近代兴起,被广泛运用于生物医学等多个领域,在对抗耐药细菌方面具有显著优势。纳米技术可通过破坏细菌细胞膜、抑制外排泵、产生活性氧(ROS)、抑制和降解生物被膜等多种机制降低细菌抗性。本文将从纳米技术的应用历程、对抗耐药菌的策略以及对抗耐药菌机制等三个方面进行简要概述,以期为兽药研究者提供一定借鉴。 相似文献
46.
John Lester Viscara PIDE Nolissa Delmo ORGANO Andre Freire CRUZ Lilia M. FERNANDO Lucille C. VILLEGAS Evelyn F. DELFIN Michelle Ann Magat CALUBAQUIB Roselle Estera MADAYAG Erlinda S. PATERNO 《土壤圈》2023,33(5):765-775
Application of nanotechnology in agriculture has been expanded to improve crop production. The impact of nanomaterials (NMs) on factors that influence the survival and function of beneficial microorganisms is a less studied aspect that needs to be better understood. Only a few studies have assessed the effects of NMs on beneficial soil microorganisms. This study was conducted to assess the effects of nanofertilizer FertiGroe?N (FG-N) and nano-plant hormone HormoGroe?auxin (... 相似文献
47.
随着我国经济的发展和生活水平的提高,人民对生活质量和健康有了前所未有的关注,健康食品和功能食品在食品产业中极具蓬勃的发展活力。由于纳米技术的独特性质,纳米技术成为21世纪三大支柱科学领域之一。美国、日本和欧洲等国家已加大了纳米食品的技术研究与产品开发力度,纳米技术在食品产业中的应用正在快速发展。脂质作为最重要的脂肪酸来源,不仅是人体细胞组织以及体内各种重要的生理活性物质的构成成分,也是各种生物功能的载体。因此脂质是食品纳米技术中最重要的基料之一。综述了纳米技术在世界食品范围内的发展趋势及国际相关政策;介绍了新型纳米脂质功能食品前沿技术的现状与发展方向。分析了我国纳米功能食品的现状、差距和技术需求;并提出了纳米脂质功能食品的发展思路和重点任务。 相似文献
48.
49.
纳米是长度的度量单位,又称毫微米,即百万分之一毫米。目前,纳米技术已在多个行业得到了应用,如纳米物理学、纳米电子学、纳米生物学、纳米化学、纳米计量学和纳米加工学等。应用于药物学领域的纳米技术称为纳米药物学。纳米粒在药物学上的应用主要有纳米药物载体和纳米药物制剂2种。纳米药物的生产成本低、效率高、自动化程度高、规模大,而药物的作用也实现了器官靶向、高效和低毒等革命性的突破,并具有稳定性好、对胃肠刺激性小等优点。因此,纳米药物在国际工业领域以及医药领域均具有广阔的发展前景。阐述了纳米技术在医学领域的研究及应用。 相似文献
50.
Mohamed M. Mabrouk Mohamed Ashour Ahmed Labena Mohamed A. A. Zaki Ahmed F. Abdelhamid Mahmoud S. Gewaily Mahmoud A. O. Dawood Khamael M. Abualnaja Hala F. Ayoub 《Aquaculture Research》2022,53(1):125-135
Several studies investigated the usage of spirulina (Arthrospira platensis) in aquaculture as a functional dietary additive or plant proteins replacers; however, more efforts still needed to test its nano form inclusion in aquafeed. In this study, Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fed dietary spirulina (A. platensis) nanoparticles (SNP) at 0 (control), 0.1, 1 and 10 g/kg diet while the fifth diet was mixed with 10 g/kg of the normal form of A. platensis as a positive control. The final weight (FW), weight gain (WG) and feed conversion ratio of fish fed SNP at 10 g/kg displayed improved values comparing with the other groups (p < 0.05). Further, fish fed 1 g SNP had higher FW and WG than the control and 0.1 g SNP and 10 g normal A. platensis. The incorporation of SNP at 1 and 10 g/kg in Nile tilapia diets significantly (p < 0.05) enhanced total protein, albumin, globulin, lowered the values of serum glucose and activities of ALT and AST compared with control and spirulina groups. The SOD, CAT, GPx, lysozyme and respiratory burst activities were meaningfully promoted (p < 0.05) in fish received 1 and 10 g/kg diet concerning the control and spirulina groups. Nile tilapia challenged with Aeromonas hydrophila showed congestion of the kidney, liver and spleen tissues while SNP alleviated the inflammation induced by A. hydrophila. Different levels of SNP-incorporated group showed lower cumulative mortality than the other groups. In conclusion, the obtained results illustrated that spirulina in nano form is recommended to enhance Nile tilapia well-being. 相似文献