甘薯茎叶刈割率与刈割间隔时间     

王国法  韩常灿  林宇清  Dai.Peters 《山地农业生物学报》2000,19(4):239-242,257

为了提高饲料甘薯总产量,开辟优质青绿饲料,开展了按不同时期、不同比例进行茎叶刈割的田间试验。结果表明,间隔21d处理的甘薯茎叶产量前期较低,后期较高,能较好地协调地上地下部的关系;间隔14～21d、刈割率1/4处理的地上地下部总干物质产量较高,其中间隔21d、刈割1/4的总干物质和总粗蛋白质分别比传统一次性收获方式增产13.03%和16.31%。隔28d全割的的处理茎叶产量最高但薯块产量最低。因此生产上可按每14～21d和1/4的比例进行茎叶刈割,获取高产。  相似文献   

Measuring Mass Flow by Bounce Plate for Yield Mapping of Potatoes   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Ehlert  Detlef 《Precision Agriculture》2000,2(2):119-130

There are reports about measuring mass flow in potato harvesters by X-ray with two wave lengths sources, by load cells in conveyors and by optical surveying with image analysis. In mechanics, an impulse is defined as the integral of force over time. If one succeeds in producing a constant velocity difference in the mass flow of potatoes, then there exists a directly proportional correlation between the integral force and the mass flow. A constant speed difference can be produced when the potatoes hit a plate on which the potatoes bounce almost vertically in the discharge trajectory of a conveyor belt. Under laboratory conditions, a rubber coated plate with a force measuring instrument was placed in different positions in the discharge trajectory of a conveyor belt running at 3 different speeds. For simulation of mass flow in steps of about 1 kg up to 40 kg, different masses of potatoes were placed on the conveyor belt. For additional simulation of vibrations in a potato harvester, the measurement device was moved horizontally, at five different frequencies and four amplitudes. The results showed a clear linear relationship between mass flow and force. For many parameter combinations, the quality of fit was more than 0.99 and, in some cases, standard error was less than 0.083 kg s^–1. The results indicated that a bounce plate provides a basis for measurement in potato harvesters for yield mapping.  相似文献   

马铃薯整茎压缩力学特性研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

石林榕  吴建民  孙伟 《西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版)》2014,42(5):189-195,204

【目的】分析马铃薯的整茎压缩力学特性,降低收获作业时收获机具对马铃薯的机械损伤。【方法】在5种不同加载速率(15,25,35,45,55mm/min)和3个不同加载方向(x向:马铃薯块茎的脐部与顶点连线方向;y向:块茎径向截面的短轴方向;z向:块茎径向截面的长轴方向)下,对2种含水率56.8%左右且在甘肃种植面积较广的马铃薯(新大坪和陇薯3号)进行整茎压缩试验,测定马铃薯的压缩破裂力和变形量,并对其进行显著性和差异性比较。【结果】显著性分析表明:加载方向对破裂力影响显著,加载速率对破裂力影响极显著,品种对马铃薯压缩变形量影响显著;差异性分析显示:加载方向对破裂力影响不显著,但z向加载对马铃薯压缩变形量影响较大;15,25和35mm/min的加载速率对破裂力均有显著影响,当加载速率为45和55mm/min时,二者对破裂力影响的显著性表现一致;品种的差异性对压缩变形量有显著影响。【结论】马铃薯整茎压缩试验结果为甘肃产马铃薯的收获、贮藏、运输及加工装备的设计研究提供了必要的力学参数。  相似文献   

复配剂中霜脲氰在马铃薯和土壤中残留动态研究     

何丽丽  徐应明  孙有光  黄永春  裴瑞瑞  郑淑云 《农业环境科学学报》2007,26(1):322-325

采用田间试验方法,研究了霜脲氰在马铃薯及土壤中的残留动态,应用液相色谱法测定了霜脲氰在马铃薯和土壤中的残留量。结果表明,霜脲氰在马铃薯和土壤中消解较快,半衰期分别为2．26d和5．75d,施药3240g ai·hm^-23次时,末次施药距收获间隔28d,霜脲氰的残留量在马铃薯中低于0．0098mg·kg^-1,在土壤中为ND-0．0100mg·kg^-1。该药属易分解农药（％〈30d）,按推荐使用剂量使用是安全的。  相似文献   

坡改梯土高产模型研究     

石光森  唐洪斌 《西南大学学报(自然科学版)》1993,15(6):541-545

采用回归最优设计研究了肥料对小麦－玉米－甘薯栽培模式的效应。得到了三套高产优化回归方程和７种高产栽培方案，可增产粮食１３２．４％－１４２．５％，产投比为４１：１。小麦高产的合理剑叶面各为３２－３６ｃｍ＾２／株。玉米产量在施有机肥的基础上，随密度增加而增加。甘薯施用钾肥能明显提高薯块干物质和淀粉含量。  相似文献   

金黄甘薯脯和甘薯虾片等加工技术的研究     

杨泌泉  吴卫国  周细军  罗剑龙  胡新民  屠纯国 《湖南农业大学学报(自然科学版)》1993,(3)

总结了金黄甘薯脯、甘薯虾片和油制低脂甘薯片的加工技术研究结果.金黄甘薯脯必须在制作的全过程中抑制酶促褐色和非酶褐变,用筛选出的最佳护色液,配合其它措施,采用3次糖煮工艺,方能得到金黄透明,又具适度咬劲的制品.甘薯虾片是以70%～100%的甘薯精白淀粉为主料加工,按筛选出的最佳配方制成含水量10%的坯片,在190℃油温浸炸20S,可得膨化度大,酥脆香鲜的成品.油制低脂甘薯片是以鲜甘薯片为原料,经防褐护色、上蛋衣、涂油膜,改传统的油炸熟制方法为微波加热熟制法而得到的色香味俱佳的产品.  相似文献   

甘肃省定西市马铃薯晚疫病发生及品种抗性评价     

杨小利  杨成德  陈秀蓉  陈泰祥  张俊莲 《草原与草坪》2016,(4):82-86

对定西市渭源县马铃薯晚疫病发生期主要气象因子与病害发生流行的关系进行了调查分析,并对7个主栽品种抗性进行了评价。结果表明:渭源县晚疫病8月初开始发生,下旬进入发病盛期,其病情指数与平均温、湿度综合因子之间存在显著的线性关系(P0.05);青薯9号和庄薯3号单产分别为1 467.40、1 371.06kg/667m2,出苗率分别为91.90%、96.70%,病薯率分别为5.95%、5.16%,晚疫病情指数分别为44.56和33.92,表明主栽品种适合在当地推广种植。  相似文献   

梅营1号红薯高产栽培技术     

李洪锋  孙晓周  辛金冰  魏新田 《北京农业》2010,(36)

红薯究竟能达到多高产量,众多的栽培研究没有一个准确的定论。笔者连续3年,通过不同扦插方式,科学施肥,采取不同化控手段进行栽培技术研究,取得了平均产量9356.00kg/667m2的记录,创当地红薯历史最高水平,个别小区产量超过了1.00万kg/667m2,对红薯夺取高产有着一定的指导意义。  相似文献   

铜仁地区烤烟马铃薯Y病毒病的发生特点及防治对策     

刘国权  艾永峰  朱钧  赵辉  宋光龙  王江平 《现代农业科技》2012,(6):183-184

分析烟草马铃薯Y病毒病在铜仁地区的发生特点,并提出相关防治对策,以为当地该病的防治提供参考。  相似文献   

Rapid Identification of Clavibacter michiganensis Subspecies sepedonicus Using Two Primers Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (TP-RAPD) Fingerprints     

Raúl Rivas  Encarna Velázquez  José-Luis Palomo  Pedro F. Mateos  Pablo García-Benavides  Eustoquio Martínez-Molina 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2002,108(2):179-184

Twenty strains of Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. sepedonicus from different geographic origins and other reference strains of the same and different species, including other potato pathogens, were analysed with a new procedure named TP-RAPD that originates fingerprints of bacterial species. This procedure uses two primers to amplify the 16S rDNA gene. At 45 °C of annealing, the PCR product electrophoresed in agarose gels produced a band pattern that was different in all bacterial species studied as well as in the subspecies of C. michiganensis. All strains of C. michiganensis subsp. sepedonicus displayed the same TP-RAPD number of pattern. Unlike Gram negative bacteria, Gram positives of high G + C content, such as Clavibacter, produced low bands in TP-RAPD. By using a different set of two primers also based in the 16S rDNA sequence from Escherichia coli a more adequate amplification of Gram positives of high G + C including a greater number of bands was obtained. TP-RAPD patterns using the new set of primers described in this work is a reliable and fast method to identify C. michiganensis subsp. sepedonicus.  相似文献