植物硼效率差异的研究进展   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

杨玉华  王运华  吴礼树  杜昌文 《华中农业大学学报》2002,21(1):95-100

综述了植物种类及不同品种间，特别是甘蓝型油菜品种间硼效率差异的生理生化机理及遗传学和分子生物学研究进展。指出，植物细胞壁果胶含量的形态及光合初产物的种类和运输形式是导致植物营养生长硼效率差异的主要原因，但是否是生殖生长硼效率差异的原因有待进一步证实 。植物硼效率是由基因控制的，应用遗传学和分子生物学技术可得到理想的硼高效品种。  相似文献   

烟草野火病菌初侵染源的研究     

刘雅婷  张世珖  李永忠 《湖南农业大学学报(自然科学版)》2003,29(1):43-44

为探明烟草野火病菌的初侵染源，应用SPA－ELISA，间接－ELISA反应试剂盒对从田间及温室中采集的土壤、烟株根围、田间杂草、种子等进行了检测，明确云南烟草野火病的初侵染源主要为种子和根部残体。  相似文献   

ADAMTS17 mutation associated with primary lens luxation is widespread among breeds     

Gould D  Pettitt L  McLaughlin B  Holmes N  Forman O  Thomas A  Ahonen S  Lohi H  O'Leary C  Sargan D  Mellersh C 《Veterinary ophthalmology》2011,14(6):378-384

Primary lens luxation (PLL) is a well-recognized, painful and potentially blinding inherited ocular condition in dogs. We screened PLL-affected dogs of 30 different breeds, to identify those which carried a previously described c.1473+1 G>A mutation in ADAMTS17 that is associated with PLL in Miniature Bull terriers, Lancashire Heelers, and Jack Russell terriers. This ADAMTS17 mutation was identified in PLL-affected dogs from 14 additional breeds. PLL-affected dogs from some breeds (most notably the Shar pei and the Brittany spaniel) did not carry the G1473+1A ADAMTS17 mutation, indicating they must suffer from a genetically distinct form of the condition. We also estimated the frequency of this ADAMTS17 mutation in some of the breeds. Our findings indicate the mutation segregates in a large number of different breeds of dog, many of which are terriers or breeds with terrier co-ancestry, but some of which have more diverse origins. Our results also indicate that the mutation is present at high frequency within most of the breeds in which it segregates. In the miniature bull terrier breed estimates of mutation frequency ranged from 0.27 to 0.39, corresponding to 7.3-15.2% PLL-affected dogs in this breed. We also identified an increased risk of PLL associated with heterozygosity at ADAMTS17, suggesting that carriers carry a low risk of developing PLL.  相似文献   

Epidemiology of canine glaucoma presented to University of Zurich from 1995 to 2009. Part 1: Congenital and primary glaucoma (4 and 123 cases)     

Strom AR  Hässig M  Iburg TM  Spiess BM 《Veterinary ophthalmology》2011,14(2):121-126

Objective To investigate the epidemiology of canine congenital and primary glaucoma in the cases presented to the University of Zurich, Vetsuisse Faculty (UZH) from 1995 to 2009. Methods Information was obtained from the computer database of patients examined by members of the UZH Ophthalmology Service, between January 1995 and August 2009. Congenital and primary glaucoma was diagnosed based on the age of onset, the lack of evidence of any antecedent eye conditions, and/or the presence and severity of iridocorneal angle defects. The data was evaluated for breed, gender and age at presentation. Results A total of 5984 dogs presented to the UZH Ophthalmology service between 1995 and 2009. Four dogs of different breed were diagnosed with congenital glaucoma and 123 dogs were diagnosed with primary glaucoma. For the primary glaucomas the overall male to female ratio (M:F) was 1:1.41 and the age of onset ranged from 0.12 to 18.3 years with a mean of 7.3 ± 3.6 years. Data suggested a predisposition for primary glaucoma in the Siberian Husky, Magyar Vizsla and Newfoundland from 2004 to 2009. Conclusion The report presents the epidemiology of canine congenital and primary glaucomas presented to the UZH from 1995 to 2009. A previous suspicion of predisposition for primary glaucoma in the Newfoundland dog (n = 6) and the Magyar Vizsla breed (n = 8) was confirmed.  相似文献   

Assessment of a point‐of‐care cardiac troponin I test to differentiate cardiac from noncardiac causes of respiratory distress in dogs     

Edward E. Payne DVM  Brian K. Roberts DVM  DACVECC  Nick Schroeder DVM  DACVIM  Ronald L. Burk DVM  MS  DACVR  Thomas Schermerhorn VMD  DACVIM 《Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care》2011,21(3):217-225

Objectives – To (1) determine a reference interval for cardiac troponin I (cTnI) using a point‐of‐care device in normal dogs and compare the results with those published by the manufacturer and (2) determine if cTnI differs among dogs with cardiogenic and noncardiogenic respiratory distress. Design – Prospective observational study. Setting – Emergency and referral veterinary hospital. Animals – Twenty‐six clinically normal dogs and 67 dogs in respiratory distress. Interventions – All dogs underwent whole blood sampling for cTnI concentrations. Measurements and Results – Normal dogs had a median cTnI concentration of 0.03 ng/mL (range 0–0.11 ng/mL). Thirty‐six dogs were diagnosed with noncardiogenic respiratory distress with a median cTnI concentration of 0.14 ng/mL (range 0.01–4.31 ng/mL). Thirty‐one dogs were diagnosed with cardiogenic respiratory distress with a median cTnI concentration of 1.74 ng/mL (range 0.05–17.1 ng/mL). A significant difference between cTnI concentrations in normal dogs and dogs with noncardiogenic respiratory distress was not detected. Significant differences in cTnI concentrations were found between normals versus cardiogenic and cardiogenic versus noncardiogenic respiratory distress groups. Significant differences in cTnI concentrations were identified in >10 when compared with the <5 and the 5–10 years of age groups. Receiver operating curve analysis identified cTnI concentrations >1.5 ng/mL as the optimal “cut‐off point” having a sensitivity of 78% and specificity of 51.5%. The area under the receiver operating curve was 0.72. Overall test accuracy was 65%. Conclusions – cTnI concentrations were significantly increased in dogs with cardiogenic respiratory distress versus dogs with noncardiogenic respiratory distress and normal dogs. A significant difference between normal dogs and dogs with noncardiogenic causes of respiratory distress was detected. Although highly sensitive when cTnI concentrations exceed 1.5 ng/mL, the test has low specificity. Assessment of cTnI by the methodology used cannot be recommended as the sole diagnostic modality for evaluating the cause of respiratory distress in dogs.  相似文献   

不同禁牧时间对典型草原净初级生产力的影响     

许晴  王英舜  许中旗  李文华 《中国草地学报》2011,33(6)

为了研究禁牧对典型草原生产能力的影响,对在不同时间采取禁牧措施的典型草原的生物量和净初级生产力进行了研究.结果表明,禁牧有利于生物量的提高,而且禁牧时间越长,生物量越高,禁牧17年、7年、2年以及放牧草原的生物量分别为3771.69g/m2、3248.33g/m2、2711.06g/m2和2348.50g/m2.草原生态系统地下生物量明显高于地上.3种禁牧草原的净初级力普遍高于放牧草原,分别为后者的1.23(禁牧2年)、1.20(禁牧7年)和1.08倍(禁牧17年),但是净初级生产力并不随禁牧时间的增加而增加.典型草原物质价值由高到低的顺序为:禁牧17年(1011.68元/hm2·a)＞禁牧7年(600.32元/hm2·a)＞禁牧2年(521.52元/hm2·a)＞放牧草原(301.28元/hm2·a).以上结果表明,禁牧对典型草原的净初级生产力及生物量有明显影响,采取禁牧措施有利于典型草原生产能力的恢复.  相似文献   

大球盖菇母种培养基的研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

陈欢  刘岩  王伟功 《北方园艺》2011,(6):178-179

为了促进大球盖菇人工栽培的良性发展,试验选用了11种配方,就大球盖菇最佳母种培养基进行了研究。结果表明:配方4(堆肥100 g,蔗糖15 g,琼脂18 g,水1 000 mL)和配方8(玉米粉30 g,堆肥150 g,琼脂18 g,水1 000 mL)是培养大球盖菇最为理想的母种培养基;其次是配方5和配方6。  相似文献   

Relative importance of different types of inoculum to the establishment of Mycosphaerella graminicola in wheat crops in north‐west Europe     

F. Suffert  I. Sache 《Plant pathology》2011,60(5):878-889

The contribution of wheat debris to the early stages of septoria leaf blotch epidemics was assessed in a 3‐year field experiment. First lesions were detected very early (December) in the case of an early sowing (mid‐October), showing that the first contamination could occur as soon as the seedlings emerge. The tested debris management options (chopped debris, removal of debris followed by tillage, or tillage in absence of debris) had a strong effect, although transient, on the epidemic dynamic: the more debris present on the soil surface, the more severe initial disease was. The magnitude of differences between treatments differed substantially between years. The relative production of pycnidiospores and ascospores was measured on the chopped debris. Peaks in pycnidiospore and ascospore production coincided in October–November. Both types of spores can be involved as primary inoculum in north‐west European conditions. The local amount of pycnidiospores available on debris in the field, estimated per square metre, was 1000‐fold the local ascospore production. Moreover, inoculum production was quantified on debris exposed to different environmental conditions. Autumnal conditions, characterized by moderate temperature with alternating wet and dry periods, were favourable for the production of both pycnidiospores and ascospores, as shown by the high inoculum production on debris exposed to field or outdoor conditions. By late autumn, the canopy became the most important source of pycnidiospores, and this period, characterized by the decreasing role of debris as a local source of inoculum compared to distant potential sources, can be considered as the end of the early epidemic stages.  相似文献   

中国北方典型城市API特征分析   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

李向阳  丁晓妹  高宏  朱振华 《干旱区资源与环境》2011,(3):96-101

根据中国北方9个典型城市(北京、哈尔滨、青岛、太原、沈阳、大连、呼和浩特、兰州、乌鲁木齐)2002-2008年连续7年的空气污染指数(API)资料,对各月空气污染指数大于200的天数和首要污染物以PM10和SO2出现的天数进行了分析,结果表明冬季污染最为严重,PM10为我国北方9个典型城市(北京、哈尔滨、青岛、太原、沈阳、大连、呼和浩特、兰州、乌鲁木齐)首要污染物。研究还结合北方典型城市空气污染指数的月均值,分析了各地污染的成因;并对环境因素:温度、降水、湿度与空气污染的相关性进行了研究,结果表明:温度、降水与空气污染指数呈负相关;大部分城市湿度与其呈负相关,而乌鲁木齐则为显著的正相关。此外,还以兰州市为例分析比较了不同类型降水对空气污染指数的影响。最后通过比较2006年3月份的一次强沙尘暴期间空气污染指数与2007年同期空气污染指数,讨论了沙尘暴对我国北方空气质量的影响。  相似文献   

Development of soil fauna at mine sites during 46 years after afforestation     

Wolfram Dunger  Manfred Wanner  H. Hauser  K. Hohberg  H.-J. Schulz  T. Schwalbe  B. Seifert  J. Vogel  K. Voigtlnder  B. Zimdars  K.P. Zulka 《Pedobiologia》2001,45(3):243

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