紫云英与双季稻秸秆协同利用影响稻田土壤钾循环与平衡   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

张帆  杨茜 《草业学报》2021,30(1):72-80

稻草还田和冬种绿肥是维持稻田地力和化肥替代的重要方式之一.本研究以在湖南酸性红黄泥和碱性紫潮泥两种典型稻田土壤上进行了2年的紫云英-双季稻定位试验为对象,分析紫云英和双季稻秸秆协同利用对稻田土壤K循环的影响.两土壤试验处理一致,包括稻田冬闲(FRR)、冬种紫云英(MvRR)及冬种紫云英与水稻秸秆协同利用(MvRR+St...  相似文献   

基于神经网络红枣红外辐射干燥预测模型建立     

李超新  张学军  朱自成 《农机化研究》2015,(5)

针对红枣红外辐射干燥含水率的变化具有非线性和时变性、很难利用现有的模型构造一个数学模型来描述其变化规律的问题,利用Mat Lab神经网络工具箱和红枣红外辐射干燥特性试验数据建立了神经网络预测模型。通过对实测值和模型预测值进行分析研究,得出利用BP神经网络可以较快速、准确地建立模型来描述含水率的变化规律,且模型的预测值与试验测试值误差较小,能很好地实现在线预测的效果。  相似文献   

基于CIELAB色空间的红葡萄酒颜色直观表征   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

李运奎  韩富亮  张予林  王华 《农业机械学报》2017,48(6):296-301

现有红葡萄酒颜色特征的表征方法,很难形象地描述和传递葡萄酒颜色信息。基于CIELAB色空间,构建了高清色彩平面(L*=60),以红葡萄酒颜色的彩度分布图、明度分布图和特征颜色图,并结合可见吸收光谱图,直观地表征红葡萄酒的颜色特征。采用该方法和传统的CIELAB参数分析法,对我国各产区10款陈酿型赤霞珠干红葡萄酒颜色特征的研究表明,该方法可以完整而直观地呈现CIELAB参数信息,并可给出具体的酒样特征颜色;供试酒样间颜色特征差异显著,但都存在颜色过快老化的问题。  相似文献   

不同频率LED红蓝光交替照射对生菜生长与品质的影响     

陈晓丽  杨其长  马太光  薛绪掌  乔晓军  郭文忠 《农业机械学报》2017,48(6):257-262

在全人工光型植物工厂中进行试验,运用供光模式可调的红蓝LED光源,以不同频率的红蓝光交替照射生菜,并以同比例的红蓝光同时照射生菜作为对照组,通过测定生菜生长动态、光合色素、可溶性糖、粗蛋白、维生素C以及硝酸盐含量,研究红蓝光供光模式及交替频率对生菜生长与品质的影响。结果表明:在等能耗基础上,16 h光期里,红蓝光交替1次有利于生菜地上部分生物量、可溶性糖以及粗蛋白的积累;红蓝光交替4次有利于生菜中维生素C的积累以及硝酸盐的代谢;所有处理中,叶绿素及类胡萝卜素含量均以4次和8次红蓝光交替为最大,且二者之间无显著性差异。  相似文献   

基于机器视觉的半干枣病害和裂纹识别研究     

李运志  QiangZhang  陈弘毅  党晓辉  李新岗  胡耀华 《农机化研究》2016,(8):120-125

研究提出了一种基于机器视觉的病害和裂纹的识别方法。在H分量图中,依据半干枣在病害和非病害区域色调值差异提取病害区域,以提取的病害区域与枣表面积的比作为阈值确定较高的病害面积识别精度,可正确识别的感兴趣病害面积为16.87mm2,占枣投影面积的3.3%。为进一步提高在该病害面积识别精度的正确率,依据已确定的病害面积比阈值,将病害面积比值二值化,结合红枣区域颜色特征值H的均值和均方差,用SVM方法建立枣病害的识别模型,训练集和测试集的识别正确率分别为9 5.7 7%和9 5.7 9%。在I分量图中,对红枣区域进行Otsu’s阈值分割、图像局部属性统计和形态学处理,提取裂纹二值图像,依据裂纹图像不变距方法建立裂纹识别模型,训练集和测试集的识别正确率分别为94.90%和94.55%。  相似文献   

不同滴灌灌水方式对漫灌改滴灌成龄红枣的影响研究     

胡家帅  王振华  郑旭荣 《节水灌溉》2016,(6)

研究不同滴灌灌水方式下不同灌水量对南疆沙区漫灌改滴灌成龄红枣株高、产量、水分利用效率和品质的影响,为南疆沙区成龄红枣漫灌改滴灌高效节水技术提供理论依据。以新疆第一师的沙区骏枣为试验材料,考虑滴灌方式和灌水量两个因素,设置6个不同的灌水处理和一个漫灌对照处理进行大田试验。改滴灌后根部点源灌水、均匀面源灌水红枣全观测期耗水量均呈单峰曲线趋势变化,耗水量均随着灌水量的增加而增加,相同灌水量条件下均匀面源灌水比根部点源灌水的耗水量低。根部点源灌水方式下随着灌水量的增加产量和水分利用效率呈现先增大后减小的趋势;均匀面源灌水方式下产量随着灌水量的增加逐渐增加,而水分利用效率随着灌水量的增加逐渐小幅度减小。在合理灌水量范围内,根区点源灌溉方式相比均匀面源灌溉方式在产量、水分利用效率、品质方面表现更优。  相似文献   

基于梯度分布不均匀性的干瘪红枣识别     

李功燕  任亦立  马丽艳 《农业机械学报》2016,47(11):213-218

为了从混合的饱满红枣和干瘪红枣中识别出干瘪红枣,首先分析了颜色空间模型的特性,选择灰度图、RGB颜色空间模型的R分量、L*a*b*颜色空间模型的a*分量,并使用不同的梯度算子作为对比;然后通过形态学运算、逻辑运算去除异常梯度,进行梯度归一化变换;最后采用归一化的梯度直方图作为红枣表面的纹理特征表示方法,并计算其梯度分布不均匀性作为判别准则。利用12通道红枣分选机采集240幅饱满与202幅干瘪红枣图像作为样本图像。实验结果表明,采用简单梯度算子对L*a*b*模型的a*分量提取纹理信息效果最好,误判率为0.83%,正确识别率高达99.01%。  相似文献   

水稻对红壤中N、P的吸收利用   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1  

傅志坚  王德先 《核农学报》1992,6(4):214-218

试验结果表明,当施氮量一定的情况下,增施磷、钾肥,氮肥利用率和水稻的产量都有显著的增加。谷粒产量和氮肥利用率为29.78g/盆和44.37％,分别比对照(单施氮肥)提高22.75％和9.62％。合理施用氮、钾肥,磷肥的利用率也有显著增加(为29.10％),比单施磷肥利用率提高6.88％。  相似文献   

铵、钾同时存在时, 土壤对铵的优先吸附   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

ZHANG Ming-Kui  HE Zhen-Li  CHEN Guo-Chao  HUANG Chang-Yong  M. J. WILSON 《土壤圈》1996,6(1):39-45

The water stability of aggregates in various size classes separated from 18 samples of red soils under different managements, and the mechanisms responsible for the formation of water-stable soil aggregates were studied. The results showed that the water stability of soil aggregates declined with increasing size, especially for the low organic matter soils. Organic matter plays a key role in the formation of water-stable soil aggregates. The larger the soil aggregate size, the greater the impact of organic matter on the water stability of soil aggregates. Removal of organic matter markedly disintegrated the large water-stable aggregates (> 2.0 mm) and increased the small ones (< 0.25-0.5mm) to some extent, whereas removal of free iron(aluminium) oxides considerably destroyed aggregates of all sizes, especially the < 0.25-0.5 mm classes. The contents of organic matter in water-stable aggregates increased with aggregate sizes. It is concluded from this study that small water-stable aggregates (< 0.25-0.5 mm) were chiefly cemented by Fe and Al oxides whilst the large ones (> 2.0 mm) were mainly glued up by organic matter. Both free oxides and organic matter contribute to the formation and water stability of aggregates in red soils.  相似文献   

江西九江地区第四纪红粘土上的“黄帽子”     

HU Xue-Feng  GONG Zi-Tong 《土壤圈》1999,9(4):311-318

A thin layer of yellow-brown-colored earth was generally found on Quaternary red clay in Jiujiang, Jiangxi Province. A typical profile was established. Both particle size distribution and REE (rare earth elements) characteristics of the yellow-brown-colored earth of the profile fully suggested its aeolian origin and close similarity to Nanjing Xiashu loess. The study also implied aeolian origin of the underlying Quaternary red clay. Compared with the red clay, the yellow-brown-colored earth was less weathered because of its lower content of free iron and higher mole ratios of SiO₂/Al₂O₃ and SiO₂/(Fe₂O₃+Al₂O₃) as well as its less developed chemical microtextures of quartz grains. In order to study the ages of the two deposits comparatively, the thermoluminescent dating method was used. As a result, the bottom of the yellow-brown-colored earth was dated to 60±5 ka B. P. and the upper part of the red clay 388±54 ka B. P. It was suggested that the yellow-brown-colored earth was formed in the Late Pleistocene and was probably the aeolian deposit of the Last Glacial, which corresponded with the Malan loess in the Loess Plateau of the northwestern part of China; while the underlying red clay was formed in the Middle Pleistocene. A "yellow cap" on Quaternary red clay in Jiujiang implied a great climatic and environmental variation in the beginning of the Late Pleistocene in the southern part of China, especially in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. The event not only halted the rubification, once dominating the region, but also produced a widespread covering of aeolian deposit, as only occurred in the cold and dry environment.  相似文献