明胶骨原料碳、氮稳定同位素的地域性差异研究     

姜迪  姚剑  钱渊  杜林 《核农学报》2020,34(Z1):43-49

为探讨不同地域来源的明胶骨原料中碳、氮稳定同位素的分布特征及其相关性,本试验采用元素分析-稳定同位素比率质谱仪测定了广西、内蒙古和山东3个主产区的牛骨样品及当地牧草饲料样品中的¹³C和¹⁵N同位素组成,并结合线性回归讨论了牛骨样品中δ¹³C和δ¹⁵N值的相关性与牛食谱组成的关系。结果表明,广西地区骨样品中δ¹³C和δ¹⁵N值的相关性较好(R²=0.401 8),而内蒙古和山东地区骨样品中δ¹³C和δ¹⁵N值的相关性较差(R²<0.1),反映了3地牛食物的来源稳定性及主要成分存在明显差异,对各地牛食谱结构推测的结果与实际牧草饲料样品中δ¹³C和δ¹⁵N值的地区分布规律也较为一致。本研究初步揭示了明胶骨原料中碳、氮稳定同位素产生地域性差异的原因,不仅为动物生态学研究提供了有益信息,更为动物制品产地溯源研究提供了新思路。  相似文献   

夏休闲期复种饲料油菜提升后作冬小麦产量品质、土壤肥力及周年经济效益研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李军辉  王凯  杨珍平  高志强 《核农学报》2020,34(3):610-620

为明确晋中麦区夏休闲期复种饲料油菜的可行性,试验于2015-2016年采用大田试验法,研究了夏休闲期复种饲料油菜对后作冬小麦生长、麦田土壤养分及周年经济效益的影响。前茬小麦收获后复种油菜,供试油菜和小麦品种分别为华油杂62和CA0547,设置3个处理:以不种油菜的休闲田作为对照(CK₀),油菜地上部被收获为CK₁,油菜被全量还田为T。结果表明,与CK₀和CK₁相比,T有利于增加后作冬小麦抽穗前单株绿叶数,提高生育中后期植株干物质及N、P积累,保持灌浆期旗叶面积,进而增加穗粒数,提高籽粒产量,提高籽粒蛋白质及醇溶蛋白和谷蛋白含量;同时T有利于提高后作冬小麦020 cm土层土壤有机质含量、040 cm土层土壤脲酶和蔗糖酶活性。此外,从油菜-小麦周年经济效益来看,CK₁较CK₀和T分别高出128.9%和260.0%。综合分析可知,夏休闲期复种饲料油菜并且全量还田可以提高小麦产量,提升籽粒品质,改良土壤有机质含量和土壤酶活性;夏休期复种饲料油菜并收获可以获得更高的周年经济效益。本研究结果为合理利用夏休闲期以提升小麦产量与品质、改良土壤、提高年经济效益提供了理论依据。  相似文献   

Therapeutic Potential and Nutraceutical Profiling of North Bornean Seaweeds: A Review     

Muhammad Dawood Shah  Balu Alagar Venmathi Maran  Sitti Raehanah Muhamad Shaleh  Wahidatul Husna Zuldin  Charles Gnanaraj  Yoong Soon Yong 《Marine drugs》2022,20(2)

Malaysia has a long coastline surrounded by various islands, including North Borneo, that provide a suitable environment for the growth of diverse species of seaweeds. Some of the important North Bornean seaweed species are Kappaphycus alvarezii, Eucheuma denticulatum, Halymenia durvillaei (Rhodophyta), Caulerpa lentillifera, Caulerpa racemosa (Chlorophyta), Dictyota dichotoma and Sargassum polycystum (Ochrophyta). This review aims to highlight the therapeutic potential of North Bornean seaweeds and their nutraceutical profiling. North Bornean seaweeds have demonstrated anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antimicrobial, anticancer, cardiovascular protective, neuroprotective, renal protective and hepatic protective potentials. The protective roles of the seaweeds might be due to the presence of a wide variety of nutraceuticals, including phthalic anhydride, 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene, 2-pentylthiophene, furoic acid (K. alvarezii), eicosapentaenoic acid, palmitoleic acid, fucoxanthin, β-carotene (E. denticulatum), eucalyptol, oleic acid, dodecanal, pentadecane (H. durvillaei), canthaxanthin, oleic acid, pentadecanoic acid, eicosane (C. lentillifera), pseudoephedrine, palmitic acid, monocaprin (C. racemosa), dictyohydroperoxide, squalene, fucosterol, saringosterol (D. dichotoma), and lutein, neophytadiene, cholest-4-en-3-one and cis-vaccenic acid (S. polycystum). Extensive studies on the seaweed isolates are highly recommended to understand their bioactivity and mechanisms of action, while highlighting their commercialization potential.  相似文献   

赤眼鳟鱼种配合饲料适宜钙磷水平及其比例的研究     

郑惠芳  夏中生  黄凯  覃志彪  花维鲜  苏张群 《淡水渔业》2007,37(5):45-49

选取平均体重为4.05 g的赤眼鳟(Squaliobarbus curriculus)鱼种1080尾,随机分成9组,每组3个重复,每个重复置1个1.6 m×1.2 m×1.4 m的养殖池饲养。采用3×3析因试验,研究赤眼鳟鱼种对配合饲料中钙磷的需要量及适宜钙磷比。钙和磷各分别设3个水平:0.6%、1.2%和1.8%,共配制9种试验饲料喂养45 d。结果表明:饲料中钙、磷的交互作用对赤眼鳟的特定生长率有显著影响(P<0.05),但钙、磷的交互作用对饲料系数和成活率的影响不显著(P>0.05)。饲料中钙水平对赤眼鳟的特定生长率和饲料系数无显著影响(P>0.05),但磷水平对赤眼鳟的特定生长率和饲料系数有显著影响(P<0.05)。赤眼鳟对钙、磷的需要量分别为0.6%～1.8%、1.2%～1.8%,而适合赤眼鳟生长的钙磷比为1∶1～1∶3。试验各组赤眼鳟肌肉的钙、磷含量及钙磷比以及脊椎骨的钙磷比差异均不显著(P>0.05)。但饲料中钙水平对赤眼鳟脊椎骨中钙、磷含量影响显著(P<0.05),骨中钙、磷含量均随饲料中钙水平增加而增加。  相似文献   

添加剂湍流减阻流动的传热特性数值计算     

李昌烽  许世铎  冯晓东  王迎慧 《排灌机械》2009,27(3):196-199

采用雷诺应力模型和Cross粘度方程,对二维轴对称圆管内湍流流动的聚丙烯酰胺稀溶液（PAM）的流场和温度场进行了数值模拟.在数值计算结果的基础上,系统研究了流速对减阻流体的减阻性能和传热特性的影响.结果表明,减阻流体的减阻率和传热降低率随流速的增大逐渐增大到渐进值,而且传热降低率恒大于减阻率.减阻流体柯尔本（Colburn）因子与摩擦系数的对比结果表明柯尔本比拟,特别是在较低流动雷诺数下有较大偏差.  相似文献   

温度和盐度对二种观赏海藻微繁与生长的影响     

何文辉  王兰刚  赵素芬  张美琼  张饮江  何培民 《渔业现代化》2008,35(2):36-40

为了建立观赏海藻大规模微繁技术,研究了温度和盐度对台湾锯齿藻(Prionitis formosana)和海木耳藻(Sarcodia montagneana)生长及叶绿素含量的影响。结果表明,在实验范围内,台湾锯齿藻在35℃的条件下死亡,5~15℃藻体负生长,适宜生长温度为20~25℃;盐度为22条件下生长正常,其余盐度下均生长不良;叶绿素含量在25℃和盐度22时达到最高。海木耳藻在5℃与35℃时出现死亡,5~15℃时负生长,适宜生长温度为25~30℃;最适生长盐度为10,其余盐度下均有不同程度的生长,并且随着温度的增加生长率下降;叶绿素含量在30℃和盐度10时达到最高。  相似文献   

奶牛抗热应激中草药添加剂对小鼠热耐力的影响     

孙齐英 《畜禽业》2008,(10)

试验研究奶牛抗热应激中草药添加剂对热应激小鼠机体耐力的影响。试验分A、B、C、D4个处理,每个处理20只小鼠,分别喂以不同添加剂浓度的饲料21d[A组:0.5g/(10g体重)、B组:0.25g/(10g体重)、C组:0.13g/(10g体重)、D组0g/(10g体重)],每日光暗节律各12h,自由摄食与饮水。试验结果表明,A、B组体重增加显著高于C、D组(P<0.01),A、B、C组小鼠死亡数显著少于D组(P<0.05),受热90min后,A、B、C组小鼠肛温比D组分别低0.3℃、0.3℃、0.5℃(P<0.05),说明该添加剂具有一定的提高小鼠热耐力作用。  相似文献   

欧洲鳗鲡三类苗养殖技术初探     

王明  袁重桂  阮成旭  何英 《福建水产》2008,(4)

本试验应用膨化饲料养殖欧洲鳗鲡（Anguilla anguilla）三类苗。经过110d的养殖,两个试验组的平均体重分别达到16．13g和15．39g,相对增重率分别为151．1％和142．4％。日均增重量分别为88．3mg和82．2mg。平行养殖试验结果显示存活率分别为97．7％和98．5％,饲料转化率分别为59．1％和58．4％。整个养殖过程基本不换水,完全不用任何药物。  相似文献   

Growth and proximate composition of the Chaetoceros calcitrans f. pumilus under different temperature, salinity and carbon dioxide levels     

Gireesh Raghavan  Chanjaplackal Kesavan Haridevi  & Cherukara Purushothaman Gopinathan 《Aquaculture Research》2008,39(10):1053-1058

The marine diatom Chaetoceros calcitrans f. pumilus has been examined for its potential source as live feed in aquaculture. The present study investigated effects of temperature (20, 25 and 30 °C), salinity (25 and 35) and carbon dioxide addition (air+CO₂) on the growth and proximate composition of C. calcitrans under laboratory conditions. The growth and biomass of C. calcitrans were primarily affected by carbon dioxide addition, and to a lesser extent by temperature and salinity. In general, lipid and carbohydrate contents were higher at lower temperatures (20 and 25 °C), while the protein content was unaffected. Carbon dioxide addition increased protein, while lowering carbohydrates, but had no effect on lipid content. Carbohydrates were increased while lipids and protein decreased at the highest salinity (35±0.9). These results should be taken into consideration when evaluating the dietary value of this micro alga for aquaculture.  相似文献   

Evaluation of Streptocephalus dichotomus nauplii as a larval diet for freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii     

C.S. VELU  & N. MUNUSWAMY 《Aquaculture Nutrition》2008,14(4):331-340

This study was performed to assess the nutritional value of Streptocephalus dichotomus nauplii and compared with standard larval diet and parthenogenetic strain of Artemia nauplii. The effectiveness of live feed was determined by feeding freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii postlarvae. Results on the growth rate, weight gain, survival, fatty acid and amino acid composition show a significant variation between the dietary treatments. Mean larval growth was significantly different ( P  < 0.001) between control diet (13.5 ± 0.5 mm) and live feeds ( Streptocephalus nauplii; 18.4 ± 0.5 mm and Artemia nauplii 18.7 ± 0.2 mm). The weight of larvae-fed Streptocephalus (41.1 ± 1.44 mg) and Artemia nauplii (41.7 ± 0.2 mg) was not significantly different; however, treatment with live feeds was significantly higher than the control (16.3 ± 0.5 mg) ( P  < 0.001). Proximate composition on the fairy shrimp reveals that they are rich in protein, lipid, essential amino acids (EAA) and essential fatty acids (EFA). The polyenoic unsaturated fatty acid (18 : 2 n-6 and 18 : 3 n-3) and highly unsaturated fatty acid (20 : 4 n-3 and 20 : 5 n-3) show a dramatic increase in larval tissue relative to its proportional composition in the live diets. Amino acid composition in the live feeds, Streptocephalus and Artemia nauplii, perfectly reflects on the amino acid proportions in the larvae-fed diets which confirm its utilization.  相似文献