钠水平及种类对肉鸡生长性能、胴体性状及血清矿物质水平的影响     

崔大江  李玉文  董在坤 《中国饲料》2021,(2):53-57

文章旨在评估日粮钠水平及种类对肉鸡生长性能、胴体性状及血清矿物质水平的影响。试验选择平均初始体重一致的白羽肉仔鸡832只,随机分为8组,每组4个重复,每个重复26只鸡。试验日粮采用4×2因子设计,即日粮钠水平分别为1.5、2.4、3.3和4.2 g/kg,以小苏打和硫酸钠两种形式添加,试验共进行42 d。结果:1~10 d肉鸡的增重和采食量受钠盐水平及钠盐水平与种类交互作用的显著影响(P<0.05),在1~10 d时,硫酸钠组日增重和采食量最高(P<0.05)。同时,在整个试验期间(1~42 d),2.4 g/kg硫酸钠显著改善了增重(P<0.05)。随着钠水平的升高,血液pH表现为显著升高(P<0.05),硫酸钠组血液pH显著高于小苏打组(P<0.05),硫酸钠组腹脂占比较小苏打组显著提高2.23%(P<0.05)。4.2 g/kg钠水平组血清钠和钙浓度最高(P<0.05),3.3 g/kg钠水平组血清钾、氯和镁浓度最高(P<0.05)。与小苏打组相比,硫酸钠组血清钾水平显著降低0.33%(P<0.05),而血清钙浓度显著提高9.2%(P<0.05)。结论:日粮中钠以硫酸钠的形式添加2.4~3.3 g/kg可改善1~10 d肉鸡的生长性能,而在33~42 d时降低日粮钠水平可以使肉鸡获得最大的增重和采食量。  相似文献   

花椰菜尾菜发酵饲料对保育猪生长性能、血清生化指标、小肠组织形态及经济效益的影响     

蓝婧婷  任瑞  周瑞  戴洪伟  舒文秀  朱凯  王略宇  徐红伟  臧荣鑫 《草业学报》2021,30(6):180-189

为研究花椰菜尾菜发酵饲料对保育猪生长性能、血清生化指标、小肠组织形态及经济效益的影响。选取42头体重相近（11.40±1.36） kg、体况良好的40日龄保育猪,随机分为两组,每组3个重复,每个重复7头。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组饲喂由80%基础饲粮和20%花椰菜尾菜发酵饲料组成的试验饲粮。试验共30 d,其中预试期8 d,正试期22 d。结果表明：与对照组相比,1）试验组保育猪的平均日采食量和平均日增重分别显著提高了16.50%和18.68%（P<0.05）,腹泻率显著降低了74.35%（P<0.05）。2）试验组保育猪十二指肠、空肠、盲肠、结肠和直肠食糜pH值分别显著降低了19.16%、11.59%、14.09%、15.95%和11.23%（P<0.05）。3）试验组血清尿素氮、白蛋白、免疫球蛋白M的含量显著升高了69.84%、5.22%、100%（P<0.05）,血清总胆固醇、谷丙转氨酶的含量分别显著降低了29.43%、60.51%（P<0.05）。4）试验组保育猪的空肠绒毛高度/隐窝深度和回肠绒毛高度分别显著升高了13.64%和11.49%（P<0.05）,空肠隐窝深度显著降低了9.56%（P<0.05）。5）试验组每头猪的增重收益、毛利润分别显著提高了30.84%和44.48%（P<0.05）,饲料成本显著降低了21.58%（P<0.05）。综上所述,饲喂花椰菜尾菜发酵饲料能够降低保育猪的腹泻率,提高保育猪的生长性能,增强其免疫性能,促进肠道发育,提高经济效益。  相似文献   

乳酸锌对断奶肉兔生长性能、肠道发育和血清生化指标的影响     

俞成浩  郭志强  雷岷  李丛艳  任永军  郑洁  梅秀丽  杨锐  谢晓红  邝良德 《动物营养学报》2021,33(2)

本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加乳酸锌对断奶肉兔生长性能、肠道发育和血清生化指标的影响。选择28日龄同期断奶新西兰兔420只,随机分为5组:对照组(饲喂基础饲粮,饲粮中添加硫酸锌形式的锌0 mg/kg)、硫酸锌组(在基础饲粮中添加硫酸锌形式的锌80 mg/kg)以及3个乳酸锌组(在基础饲粮中分别添加乳酸锌形式的锌20、40、80 mg/kg),每组14个重复,每个重复6只(公母各占1/2)。预试期7 d,正试期42 d。结果表明:1)与对照组相比,饲粮中添加40和80 mg/kg乳酸锌可以显著提高断奶肉兔的试验末重和平均日增重(P<0.05),显著降低料重比、腹泻率和死亡率(P<0.05),但对平均日采食量无显著影响(P>0.05);40 mg/kg乳酸锌组肉兔的试验末重、平均日增重和料重比与硫酸锌组差异不显著(P>0.05),但腹泻率和死亡率较低。2)与对照组相比,饲粮中添加40和80 mg/kg乳酸锌可以显著提高断奶肉兔小肠绒毛高度和绒毛高度/隐窝深度(P<0.05),显著降低十二指肠隐窝深度(P<0.05);80 mg/kg乳酸锌组肉兔十二指肠绒毛高度显著高于同水平硫酸锌组(P<0.05)。3)与对照组相比,饲粮中添加40和80 mg/kg乳酸锌可以显著提高断奶肉兔血清抗氧化酶活性及生长激素和胰岛素样生长因子-Ⅰ含量(P<0.05);40 mg/kg乳酸锌组肉兔血清生化指标与硫酸锌组差异不显著(P>0.05),80 mg/kg乳酸锌组在提高肉兔血清铜锌超氧化物歧化酶活性和生长激素含量方面优于同水平硫酸锌组。综上所述,饲粮中添加乳酸锌可以促进肉兔生长、降低腹泻率和死亡率、改善血清生化指标和肠道发育;乳酸锌的添加效果显著优于相同水平的硫酸锌,养兔生产中乳酸锌适宜添加水平为40 mg/kg。  相似文献   

Effect of mixed rearing of barrows and gilts on backfat thickness and serum metabolite profiles of the Kagoshima-Kurobuta (Berkshire) pig     

Tsutomu Ohkoda  Katsunori Yoshida  Daichi Ijiri  Akira Ohtsuka 《Animal Science Journal》2021,92(1):e13655

We investigated the effect of mixed rearing of barrows and gilts on the backfat thickness and the serum metabolite profiles of Kagoshima-Kurobuta (Berkshire) pigs. A total of 149 pigs with an average body weight of 35 kg were divided into the following groups: 100%, 90%, 70%, 50%, 30%, 10%, and 0% groups consisting of 10 barrows (1 pen), 9 barrows + 1 gilt (3 pens), 7 barrows + 3 gilts (2 pens), 5 barrows + 5 gilts (3 pens), 3 barrows + 7 gilts (2 pens), 1 barrow + 9 gilts (3 pens), and 9 gilts (1 pen), respectively. All pigs were raised to a shipping weight of 120 kg. Mixed rearing significantly reduced (p < 0.001) backfat thickness, and the optimum mixing ratio of barrows and gilts was 7:3 (the 70% group). Four types of circulating sex steroids were found in both the barrows and gilts in the 50% group but were not detected in barrows from the 100% group. These results indicated that mixed rearing of barrows and gilts was effective for reducing the backfat thickness of barrows, and induced sex steroid hormones may influence the backfat thickness of barrows in mixed-reared groups.  相似文献   

Genetic analysis for sow stayability at different parities in purebred Landrace and Large White pigs     

Shinichiro Ogawa  Makoto Kimata  Kazuo Ishii  Yoshinobu Uemoto  Masahiro Satoh 《Animal Science Journal》2021,92(1):e13599

Genetic parameters for sow stayability were estimated from farrowing records of 10,295 Landrace sows and 8192 Large White sows. The record for sow stayability from parity k to parity k + 1 (k = 1, …, 6) was 0 when a sow had a farrowing record at parity k but not at parity k + 1, and 1 when a sow had both records. Heritability was estimated by using single-trait linear and threshold animal models. Genetic correlations among parities were estimated by using two-trait linear–linear and single-trait random regression linear animal models. Genetic correlations with litter traits at birth were estimated by using a two-trait linear–linear animal model. Heritability estimates by linear model analysis were low (0.065–0.119 in Landrace & 0.061–0.157 in Large White); those by threshold model analysis were higher (0.136–0.200 & 0.110–0.283). Genetic correlations among parities differed between breeds and models. Genetic correlation between sow stayability and number born alive was positive in many cases, implying that selection for number born alive does not reduce sow stayability. The results seem to be affected by decisions on culling made by farmers.  相似文献   

Effects of Complex Nutritional Regulation Additives on Growth Performance,Slaughter Performance and Serum Biochemical Indexes of Grazing Sheep in Cold Season     

LIANG Jing  ZHANG Wen-ju  WANG Bo 《中国畜牧兽医》2016,43(4):953-959

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of complex nutritional regulation additives on growth performance, slaughter performance and serum biochemical indexes of grazing sheep in cold season.A single factor random block design was used and 48 grazing ewes with the average weight (28.01±1.70) kg and 7 months old were randomly divided into 4 groups:Group Ⅰ without supplement;Group Ⅱ with concentrate;Group Ⅲ with concentrate+complex formulation 1 (0.30% malic acid, 0.06% cysteamine, 0.08% saccharicterpenin);Group Ⅳ with concentrate+complex formulation 2 (0.60% malic acid, 0.12% cysteamine, 0.16% saccharicterpenin)with 3 replicates per group and 4 grazing ewes per replicate.The results showed that:①The final weight of group Ⅲ was the highest and higher than group Ⅱ and Ⅳ by 6.26% (P>0.05)、3.69% (P>0.05), respectively.The average daily gain of group Ⅲ was highest, and higher than group Ⅱ and Ⅳ by 26.32% (P<0.01)、5.74% (P>0.05) respectively.②Comparing with group Ⅱ, the slaughter rate of group Ⅲ was increased by 4.68% (P>0.05).Compared with groupⅠ, Ⅱ and Ⅳ, the meat percentage of group Ⅲ was increased 18.46% (P<0.05), 10.97% (P>0.05) and 4.40% (P>0.05), while the net meat weight of carcass in group Ⅲ was increased by 49.74% (P<0.01), 13.22% (P>0.05) and 18.27% (P<0.05), respectively.Compared with groupⅠ, Ⅱ and Ⅳ, the net meat rat of carcass in group Ⅲ was increased 10.42% (P<0.01)、6.00% (P>0.05) and 3.37% (P>0.05), respectively.③There was a rising trend as the order of groupⅠ, Ⅱ, Ⅳ and Ⅲ in serum glucose, Ca, P, HDL, LDL, GPT and IgG, while A/G and TG showed a decreasing trend.Based on the above results, in this trial, supplementing complex nutritional regulation additives had good effects on growth performance, slaughter performance and serum biochemical indexes of grazing sheep in cold season.And supplementing complex formulation group 1 (group Ⅲ) was the best.  相似文献   

假蒟提取物对感染柔嫩艾美耳球虫鸡血液指标的影响     

王定发  周璐丽  李韦  周雄  周汉林 《动物医学进展》2016,(2):57-63

本试验旨在研究假蒟提取物对感染柔嫩艾美耳球虫鸡血液指标的影响。270只1日龄海南文昌公鸡,随机分为6个组,每组3个重复,每重复15只,T1、T2和T3组为对照组(依次分为不感染不给药组、感染不给药组、感染给药组);T4、T5和T6组为假蒟添加组,分别在基础日粮中添加200、400、600mg/kg假蒟提取物粉剂。15日龄时,每组随机抽取30只鸡,除T1组灌服生理盐水外,其他各组鸡均经口接种柔嫩艾美耳球虫卵囊悬液,分别于接种前1d,接种后3、6、9d清晨采血测定其血液指标。结果表明,与感染球虫不给药的T2组相比,假蒟组(T4、T5、T6)可以显著降低感染球虫鸡粪便中球虫卵囊值(P0.05)。假蒟组在感染球虫后第6天,与T1组比,RBC、HGB、HCT、Ca2+、Na+、Cl-、TP、ALB、GLB、TG、CHOL、T4等指标呈下降趋势;但在感染球虫后第9天,TP、GLB含量均显著高于T1组(P0.05);在感染球虫后第6天,假蒟组与对照组相比,ALT、AST浓度水平均显著降低(P0.05)。结果提示,假蒟提取物能提高感染球虫后鸡机体免疫机能,降低肝脏损伤,降低鸡感染球虫后粪便卵囊值,具有一定的抗球虫效果。  相似文献   

Acute‐phase proteins as diagnostic markers in horses with colic          下载免费PDF全文

Tina H. Pihl DVM  PhD  Elrien Scheepers BVSc  MSc  Macarena Sanz DVM  MS  DACVIM  Amelia Goddard BVSc  MMed Vet  Nils Toft Cand Sci  PhD  Mads Kjelgaard‐Hansen DVM  PhD  Pia H. Andersen DVM  PhD  DVSc  Stine Jacobsen DVM  PhD 《Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care》2016,26(5):664-674

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Deoxynivalenol in chicken feed alters the vaccinal immune response and clinical biochemical serum parameters but not the intestinal and carcass characteristics          下载免费PDF全文

K. Ghareeb  W. A. Awad  Q. Zebeli  J. Böhm 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2016,100(1):53-60

This study was conducted to investigate the impacts of deoxynivalenol (DON) feeding either alone or in combination with a microbial feed additive (MFA) on the immune response to a viral vaccine and serum clinical chemical parameters. Forty 1‐day‐old boiler chicks were weighed and randomly divided into four groups, 10 birds in each group: (i) control group fed with basal diet; (ii) DON group fed with basal diet artificially contaminated with 10 mg DON/kg feed; (iii) DON + MFA group fed with basal diet contaminated with 10 mg DON/kg feed and supplemented with 2.5 kg of MFA/ton feed; and (iv) MFA group fed with basal diet supplemented with 2.5 kg of MFA/ton feed. At 35 days of age, birds were slaughtered and blood was collected for investigating the antibody titre against infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) and clinical chemical parameters. The results showed that DON reduced (p = 0.032) the titre against IBV, decreased (p = 0.005) the level of alanine transaminase (ALT) (4.2 ± 0.5 U/l) compared with control birds (6.4 ± 0.5 U/l), increased (p = 0.002) the serum cholesterol concentration (144 ± 6 mg/dl) compared with their control counterparts (123 ± 5 mg/dl) and increased (p = 0.074) the amount of circulating triglycerides (62.25 ± 7.50 mg/dl) compared with controls (39.55 ± 4.74). These results indicate that dietary DON altered the humoral immune response to viral vaccine and affected the serum clinical biochemistry. However, DON in combination with MFA did not affect serum IBV titre. Taken together, DON in the feed of broilers produced an impairment of the success of IBV vaccine and affected the health of birds.  相似文献   

Effects of different dl‐selenomethionine and sodium selenite levels on growth performance,immune functions and serum thyroid hormones concentrations in broilers          下载免费PDF全文

Y. Wang  H. Wang  X. Zhan 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2016,100(3):431-439

This trial was conducted in a 2 × 3 + 1 factorial arrangement based on a completely randomized design to evaluate the effects of different dl ‐selenomethionine (dl ‐Se‐Met) and sodium selenite (SS) levels on growth performance, immune functions and serum thyroid hormones concentrations in broilers. A total of 840 Ross 308 broilers (7 days old) were allocated by body weight to seven treatments (three replicates of 40 birds each treatment) including (1) basal diet (containing 0.04 mg of selenium (Se)/kg; control) without supplementary Se; (2, 3 and 4) basal diet + 0.05, 0.15 or 0.25 mg/kg Se as SS; (5, 6 and 7) basal diet + 0.05, 0.15 or 0.25 mg/kg Se as dl ‐Se‐Met. The experiment lasted 42 days. The results revealed that dietary Se supplementation improved (p < 0.05) average daily gain, feed efficiency, immune organ index, serum immunoglobulin A (IgA), immunoglobulin G (IgG), immunoglobulin M (IgM) and triiodothyronine (T₃) concentrations and decreased (p < 0.01) thyroxine (T₄)/T₃ ratio in serum compared with the control. Broilers receiving the dl ‐Se‐Met‐supplemented diets had higher (p < 0.05) feed efficiency, thymus index, the amounts of IgA, IgG, IgM and T₃ as well as lower (p < 0.05) serum T₄ concentrations and T₄/T₃ ratio than those consuming the SS‐supplemented diets. Serum IgA and IgM levels of broilers fed 0.15 mg Se/kg were significantly higher (p < 0.05) than those of broilers fed 0.05 or 0.25 mg Se/kg. In summary, we concluded that dl ‐Se‐Met is more effective than SS in increasing immunity and promoting conversion of T₄ to T₃, thus providing an effective way to improve the growth performance of broilers. Besides, based on a consideration of all experiment indices, 0.15 mg Se/kg was suggested to be the optimal level of Se supplementation under the conditions of this study.  相似文献