Spatial variability of O layer thickness and humus forms under different pine beech–forest transformation stages in NE Germany     

Oliver Bens  Uwe Buczko  Sonja Sieber  Reinhard F. Hüttl 《植物养料与土壤学杂志》2006,169(1):5-15

Spatial variability of humus layer (O layer) thicknesses can have important impacts upon soil water dynamics, nutrient storage and availability, as well as plant growth. The purpose of the present study was to elucidate the impact of forest‐transformation practices on the spatial variability of O layer thicknesses. The study focused on the Kahlenberg forest area (NE Germany) with stands of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) and European beech (Fagus sylvatica) of different age structures that form a transformation chronosequence from pure Scots pine stands towards pure European beech stands. Topsoil profiles including both, the O layer and the uppermost humic mineral soil horizon were excavated at intervals of 0.4 m along 15–20 m long transects, and spatial variability of O layer thicknesses was quantified by variogram analysis. The correlation lengths of total O layer thickness increased in the sequence consisting of pure pine stand (3.1 m) → older mixed stand (3.7 m) → pure beech stand (4.5 m), with the exception of the younger mixed stand, for which no correlation lengths of total O layer thickness could be determined. The degree of spatial correlation, i.e., the percentage of the total variance which can be described by variograms, was highest for the two monospecies stands, whereas this percentage was distinctly lower for the two mixed stands. A similar minimum for the two mixed stands was observed for the correlation lengths of the Oh horizon. These results suggest that the spatial structures of forest‐transformation stands may be interpreted in terms of a disturbance (in the form of the underplanting of beech trees). After this disturbance, the forest ecosystem requires at least 100 y to again reach relative equilibrium. These findings are in line with the results of other soil‐related investigations at these sites.  相似文献   

柳杉木材密度测定研究   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

易咏梅  姜高明 《林业科技》2003,28(3):38-39,43

设定了长岭岗林场23年生柳杉人工林木材密度指标，分析立地条件对柳杉木材密度的影响，同时讨论了改善木材密度的方法。结果显示；立地条件对柳杉全干密度的影响差异显著，全干密度的差异主要是由土层厚度和土壤肥力的差异所导致。薄土陡坡及山脊上林木的气干密度和基本密度高于其它3种类型的密度指标。  相似文献   

地方猪种对纤维饲料利用的研究Ⅰ.纤维饲料对生产性能和背膘厚度的影响   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  

霍贵成 《畜牧兽医学报》1991,22(4):318-322

本试验以7％或14％的稻壳和18％或36％的米糠替代等比例玉米-豆饼基础饲粮中的玉米,研究纤维饲粮对30～80千克东北民猪(以下简称民猪)的生长及背膘厚度的影响。经研究表明饲粮稻谷副产品来源的NDF含量达到10％时,民猪的日增重明显受到影响,且随饲粮NDF的升高呈线性降低,干物质采食量随饲粮NDF的变化增加不明显,民猪消化能采食量略有下降,饲料效率随饲粮NDF的升高而变差。民猪生长慢的原因,除受其固有基因型支配外,采食量小是影响其增重的关键因素。提高饲粮NDF水平影响猪固有生长潜力的发挥。中、高NDF水平下,民猪的背膘较对照杂种猪薄,降低饲粮能量浓度可获得较瘦的胴体。  相似文献   

传感技术在精确检测植物水分中的应用研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

蒋云飞  刘九庆  韩玉杰 《林业机械与木工设备》2004,32(12):49-51

将传感技术应用于植物水分的精确检测,从而达到节水的目的。其关键技术是研究可同时精确测量叶片厚度微变化和温度的双参数融合式传感器,测量叶片厚度微变化的传感器原理实验已经完成。  相似文献   

单板厚度对杨木单板层积材强度性能的影响     

赵丹  李晓秀  顾玉成  李显力 《林业科技》2001,26(2):40-42

单板厚度是影响单板层积材（英文缩写LVL）强度性能的主要因素之一，在同样的工艺条件下，单板越厚，LVL的剪断强度越低，剥离率越高。冷压胶合制造非结构单板积材时，建议采用4mm厚的单板  相似文献   

Morphology of the pig cornea in normal conditions and after incubation in a perfusion apparatus     

O Camber  C Rehbinder  T Nikkila  P Edman 《Acta veterinaria Scandinavica》1987,28(2):127-134

The fine structure of the pig cornea in normal conditions and after being used in a perfusion apparatus, for 4 h, is described. Earlier reports on the normal morphology of the pig cornea were partly not confirmed. Thus the number of cell layers in the epithelium was found to be 19-23 (a basal cell layer, 4–5 polyhedral cell layers and 14–17 squamous cell layers) compared to earlier reported 6–9 layers.The mean thickness of normal and perfused corneas were 722 μm and 752 μm respectively. Normal corneas had a hydration level of 77.2 % and after perfusion 78.5 %. The normal morphology and morphological changes due to exposure to perfusion were studied by light and electron microscopy. The differences observed between normal and perfused corneas have to be considered limited, and restricted mainly to the anterior squamous epithelium and the endothelium.Taken together our results indicate that the corneas used in the apparatus still had functional integrity.  相似文献   

插齿切削厚度计算机辅助计算与绘图     

唐齐飞 《湖南农业大学学报(自然科学版)》1988,15(3)

本文在文献[1] 的基础上,进一步研究了插齿刀切入刃、顶刃和切出刃的切削厚度,编制了计算机程序,并绘制了切削厚度曲线图,避免了繁杂的人工计算。  相似文献   

黄土区小流域坡沟系统侵蚀与淤地坝拦蓄特征演变响应研究     

邹兵华  袁洁  李占斌  李鹏 《西北农业学报》2012,21(10):185-190

通过实地调查和建立关地沟坡沟系统概化模型的有限元模拟,结合数学推导,研究坡沟系统的剩余坡长随坝地淤高的相关关系。结果表明,随着坝地淤高,坝库淤积的泥沙量与坝高和相同淤积高度下的各淤积阶段淤积泥沙量及淤积高度分别满足二项式的相关关系;相同的产沙量落淤在坝地上垂直淤积高度与坝地当前淤高满足乘幂的相关关系。  相似文献   

Timing and intensity of precommercial thinning in Pinus sylvestris stands     

《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(2):142-151

The effects of timing and intensity of precommercial thinning were studied in three Scots pine artificially regenerated stands on Vaccinium forest sites in southern Finland. A two-level factorial design (3×3) was used in each stand: thinning at dominant height of 3, 6 and 9 m to 1000, 1600 and 2200 stems ha^?1. The effects of the treatments were analysed after a period of 23–25 yrs when the dominant height was 14–15 m. Early thinning resulted in the highest standing volume and amount of merchantable wood, and also in slightly accelerated height development. Thinning to 1000 stems ha^?1 caused a considerable production loss, but there were no differences between the densities of 1600 and 2200 stems ha^?1. Branches became thicker after early thinning, but the differences between the treatments were negligible for crop trees. Crown ratio was lowest as the result of early or moderate thinning (2200 stems ha^?1).  相似文献   

Variation in sapwood thickness of Picea abies in Estonia depending on the tree age     

《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(1-4):463-469

Variation of sapwood thickness in terms of a linear measurement and a growth ring count with reference to the age was studied in dominant and suppressed Norway spruce trees. In the trees of both dominance classes the sapwood thickness increased in absolute terms, while its relative portion decreased with the age of the trees growing. Great differences were found in sapwood thickness between dominant and suppressed trees in linear measurements but not in the number of sapwood rings or the rate of the heartwood formation. The number of sapwood growth rings reached 40 in old trees. The index of vigour differed considerably in dominant and suppressed trees.  相似文献