Parallelism in thermal growth response in otoliths and scales of brown trout (Salmo trutta L.) from alpine lakes independent of genetic background          下载免费PDF全文

Jens Thaulow  Thrond O. Haugen  Reidar Borgstrøm 《Ecology of Freshwater Fish》2017,26(1):53-65

Low density in natural populations of salmonids has predominantly been managed by stocking of non‐native conspecifics. Due partly to domestication, introduced non‐native fish may be maladapted under natural conditions. Interbreeding between introduced and wild individuals may therefore impair local adaptation and potentially population viability. Brown trout (Salmo trutta L.) from three headwaters (with stocked fish) and three interconnected lakes (with native fish) on the Hardangervidda mountain plateau, southern Norway, were tested for differences in thermal effects on scale and otolith growth. Otolith and scale annuli widths from immature brown trout showed positive correlation with mean annual summer temperature for all six sampled populations. In mature individuals, a similar positive thermal correlation was evident for the otoliths only. Interannuli width measurements from scales indicate a halt in somatic growth for brown trout in this alpine environment when reaching ages between 7 and 9 winters, coinciding with age at maturity. Our study indicates that otolith growth follows summer temperature even when individuals do not respond with somatic growth in these populations and that introduced brown trout and introgressed populations have similar thermal growth responses. Due to the continued otolith growth after stagnation in somatic growth and the impact of fluctuations in summer temperature, the utilisation of otolith annuli widths for back calculation of length at age should be treated with caution.  相似文献   

降钙素基因相关肽对猪小肠上皮细胞钠离子依赖型Ⅱb磷转运蛋白表达及磷吸收的影响     

苏文芹  方热军 《动物营养学报》2014,26(9)

本试验旨在研究不同浓度降钙素基因相关肽(CGRP)对猪小肠上皮细胞钠离子依赖型Ⅱb磷转运蛋白(NaPi-Ⅱb)表达和磷吸收的影响.选用第3～8代猪小肠上皮细胞进行试验,按单因素试验设计,将试验细胞分为1个对照组和5个CGRP(1×10-11～1×10-7 mmol/L)试验组,每组设6个重复.用4-甲基偶氮唑盐(MTT)法测定细胞生长速度,采用比色法测定CGRP干预24 h后细胞上清液磷含量,用RT-PCR法检测NaPi-Ⅱb mRNA相对表达量,以及蛋白质印迹(Western blot)法检测NaPi-Ⅱb蛋白表达.结果表明:与对照组相比,不同浓度CGRP对细胞生长没有显著影响(P＞0.05);各试验组均极显著或显著地促进了磷的吸收和NaPi-ⅡbmRNA的相对表达量(P＜0.01或P＜0.05);除1×10-10 mmol/L组外均显著提高了NaPi-Ⅱb蛋白的表达(P＜0.05).研究结果表明,CGRP通过诱导小肠上皮细胞中NaPi-Ⅱb的表达促进细胞磷的吸收,其中以1×10-9、1×10-8 mmol/L浓度的CGRP促进效果较为显著.  相似文献   

常绿果树体细胞胚胎发生体系研究进展     

司园园  李娟  罗小燕  刘振  陈杰忠  赵春香  张登杰 《热带作物学报》2018,39(3):614-621

通过总结国内外常绿果树体胚发生体系研究现状,介绍了体细胞胚胎发生体系的建立,综述了体细胞胚胎发生过程的主要影响因素、生理生化机制及遗传稳定性的研究进展,提出目前体细胞胚胎发生体系研究存在的问题和今后展望,以期为今后常绿果树体胚发生体系研究及实际应用提供参考价值。  相似文献   

Body condition scoring (BCS) in corn snakes (Pantherophis guttatus) and comparison to pre-existing body condition index (BCI) for snakes     

Angela Gimmel  Sabine Öfner  Annette Liesegang 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2021,105(Z2):24-28

In the veterinary profession, the body condition score (BCS) plays an important role in the assessment of patients. It is a subjective, tactile method of evaluating body fat and muscle mass and is used in numerous species. Recognizing obesity (or the contrary, emaciation) is important for veterinarians treating reptiles and could be facilitated by a BCS. An existing form of body condition assessment already used is the body condition index (BCI), where the residuals from a regression of body mass on body length are calculated. Therefore, the goal of this study was to provide practitioners with a BCS system for corn snakes (Pantherophis guttatus) and to test it against the BCI. A total of 22 corn snakes (Pantherophis guttatus), stationed at the “Auffangstation für Reptilien” in Munich (reptile rescue centre, RRC), were subject of this study. Each had the following measurements taken: body weight (BW), snout–tail tip length (STL), snout–vent length (SVL) and circumference in the middle (C). Manual palpation of spine, area between vertebral spinous and transverse process, ribs and neck of each snake was performed by three veterinarians and assigned to specific scores by each examiner. A BCS (mean of examiners’ scores) was given to each snake according to manual palpation. The BCS system was chosen to be out of 5 in 0.5-point steps with 2.5 considered as ideal BCS. In the studied snakes, the BCS ranged from 1.5 to 3.5, with a median of 2.5. The median BW was 309 g (75–967 g), the median STL was 123 cm (79–153 cm), the median SVL was 104 cm (73–133 cm) and the median C was 7.5 cm (4.3–11 cm). BCS and BCI were positively correlated. A BCS includes a manual palpation of the animal and thus gives the examiner additional information to the objectively measured/calculated index.  相似文献   

猪RUVBL2真核表达载体的构建及其在CHO细胞中的表达     

徐桢  陈云  卫恒习  李莉  孟立  张守全 《中国畜牧杂志》2020,(2):146-150

RUVBL2(RuvB-like 2)蛋白是进化上高度保守AAA+(ATPases Associated With Diverse Cellular Activities,AAA)家族成员之一,CHO(Chinese Hamster Ovary)细胞被广泛地用于表达重组DNA蛋白。为探究猪睾丸组织的RUVBL2基因是否能够在CHO细胞中表达,本实验以猪睾丸组织的cDNA为模板,PCR扩增RUVBL2目的基因,并将其克隆至pIRES2-EGFP(Mammalian Expression Vectors pIRES2-EGFP)载体上,进一步转化到DH5α中,再进行PCR、酶切及测序鉴定;将重组质粒转染到CHO细胞中,再进行荧光、RT-PCR、Western blot检测。结果显示:PCR、酶切及测序都证实了RUVBL2基因正确地插入到了载体质粒pIRES2-EGFP的多克隆位点;荧光、RT-PCR、Western blot也证实了RUVBL2基因在CHO细胞中的成功表达。本实验成功构建了猪的pIRES2-EGFP-RUVBL2真核表达载体,并证实了猪睾丸组织中的RUVBL2基因能够在CHO细胞中表达。  相似文献   

Updated Concepts in Oncologic Surgery: Apocrine Gland Anal Sac Adenocarcinoma and Mast Cell Tumors     

《Veterinary Clinics of North America: Small Animal Practice》2022,52(2):549-580

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原花青素A-1体内外对猪与小鼠T淋巴细胞亚群的影响     

刘英姿  董筱萍  程迪  周铁忠 《现代畜牧兽医》2014,(10)

为研究从碎米花杜鹃叶中分离得到的化合物原花青素A-1（Proanthocyanidin A-1，简称PAA-1）的免疫增强活性，初步从细胞水平上探讨其免疫增强机制。体外试验采用流式细胞术，检测PAA-1体外对小鼠脾淋巴细胞T细胞亚群CD4和CD8单阳性和双阳性T淋巴细胞亚群百分率及CD4+/CD8+比值；体内试验通过饲喂不同剂量的PAA-1后，检测试验猪外周血淋巴细胞CD4和CD8单阳性以及CD4+/CD8+比值。结果证明，体外试验中同阴性对照组相比，PAA-1能单独或协同Con A提升具CD4+、CD8+及CD4+CD8+表型的T淋巴细胞亚群百分率，提高CD4+/CD8+的比值；体内试验中饲喂中、高剂量的PAA-1的试验猪外周血中具有CD4+、CD8+表型的T淋巴细胞的百分率及CD4+/CD8+的比值均有显著提高。说明PAA-1可通过增加辅助性T淋巴细胞和细胞毒性T淋巴细胞数量、促进T淋巴细胞的成熟以及增加CD4+/CD8+的比值发挥增强细胞免疫的作用，为其进一步开发为新型免疫增强剂提供试验依据。  相似文献   

IGF-I- and EGF-dependent DNA synthesis of porcine myoblasts is influenced by the dietary isoflavones genistein and daidzein     

Mau M  Kalbe C  Wollenhaupt K  Nürnberg G  Rehfeldt C 《Domestic animal endocrinology》2008,35(3):281-289

Soy-derived isoflavones have been reported to be specific inhibitors of protein tyrosine kinases like the type 1 insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGF-1R) and the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). This study was conducted to investigate, whether IGF-I and EGF stimulate porcine myoblast growth and whether the responses are influenced by isoflavones. Satellite cell-born myoblasts derived from the semimembranosus muscle of newborn piglets were treated for 26h with IGF-I or EGF alone and in combination with genistein or daidzein. The DNA amount was measured and DNA synthesis was recorded as 6 h-[(3)H]thymidine incorporation during exponential growth in serum-free basal medium. IGF-I and EGF synergistically stimulated DNA synthesis of porcine myoblast with EGF causing a greater response. Genistein (100mumol/l) effectively reduced the growth factor-mediated DNA synthesis, which was associated with an inhibition of growth factor receptor protein expression. In response to daidzein no reduction in growth factor-mediated DNA synthesis was found. Daidzein (1; 10mumol/l) combined with IGF-I caused even a slight increase in DNA amount compared with the untreated control. The expression of the IGF-1R precursor protein was reduced with 10 and 100mumol/l daidzein, whereas the EGFR expression remained unchanged with daidzein. The results suggest that dietary isoflavones may interact with growth factor-induced stimulation of pig skeletal muscle growth.  相似文献   

Cloning and characterization of 5'-untranslated region of porcine beta casein gene (CSN2)     

Lee P  Chung HK  Lee HG  Lee HC  Woo JS  Lee S  Jo SJ  Chang WK  Lee HT  Kwon M  Park JK 《Domestic animal endocrinology》2008,35(3):245-253

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Effects of Diet and Weight Gain on Body Condition Scoring in Thoroughbred Geldings   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Jessica K. Suagee MS  Amy O. Burk PhD  Rachael W. Quinn PhD  Erin D. Petersen MS  Thomas G. Hartsock PhD  Larry W. Douglass PhD 《Journal of Equine Veterinary Science》2008,28(3):156-166

In the horse, the body condition score (BCS) system to assess subcutaneous fat deposition is a useful tool for making feeding management decisions. The system includes assessing fat deposition at six body areas (neck, withers, shoulders, ribs, loin, and tail head) and was developed in Quarter Horse mares. It has not been tested for use on other breeds or genders, possibly compromising the system's ability to describe fat accretion in other classes of horse. The objective of this study was to examine the ability of the previously developed fat accretion characteristics to describe fat deposition in mature Thoroughbred (TB) geldings. An additional goal was to determine whether fewer body areas could be used. Fifteen mature TB geldings were fed for weight gain over an 8-month period on one of two diets and were independently assessed for BCS on a monthly basis by two judges. BCS was determined by averaging the scores that were assigned to each of the six body areas. Fat accretion characteristics were also recorded. Across both diets, the neck area scored significantly higher than the withers and loin (P < 0.05) throughout the study. A BCS derived only from the body areas of neck, shoulders, ribs, and tailhead was found to accurately predict the six body area−derived mean BCS. The results of this study provide justification for modifications of the BCS system for use in TB geldings and also demonstrated that fewer body areas can be used to accurately predict mean BCS.  相似文献