Tobacco rattle virus serotypes and associated nematode vector species of Trichodoridae in the bulb-growing areas in the Netherlands   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

A. T. Ploeg  C. J. Asjes  D. J. F. Brown 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》1991,97(5):311-319

Soil samples from the coastal bulb-growing areas in the provinces of North- and South-Holland and the North-East Polder in the Netherlands were examined for trichodorid nematodes and tobacco rattle virus (TRV) serotypes. At least one of a total of eight species of Trichodoridae, of whichParatrichodorus pachydermus was most prevalent, was found in 93% of the samples from the provinces of North- and South-Holland and TRV, including four serotypes, was obtained from 49% of these samples. In the North-East Polder one of three species of trichodorids, of whichP. teres occurred most frequently, was present in 72% of the samples, and TRV of one serotype was obtained from 28% of these samples. The TRV isolates recovered from these samples reacted serologically with one of four antisera to strains of TRV. Virus transmitted byP. pachydermus reacted to the PRN-, byTrichodorus viruliferus to the RQ-, byP. teres to the N5- and byT. similis, to the TS-antiserum, respectively.  相似文献   

One-step RT-PCR for the Detection of Infectious Bursal Disease Virus in Clinical Samples     

Kataria RS  Tiwari AK  Nanthakumar T  Goswami PP 《Veterinary research communications》2001,25(5):429-436

A single-tube, non-interrupted, one-step RT-PCR has been standardized to amplify the hypervariable region of the VP2 gene sequence of infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV). The technique standardized on purified viral RNA was successfully applied to the detection of the virus directly in clinical samples. The amplified products were confirmed to be IBDV specific by their size in ethidium bromide-stained agarose gel, nested PCR and restriction enzyme digestion. Digestion of the amplicons with StyI restriction enzyme also differentiated classical virus from six very virulent field isolates. The sensitivity of the one-step RT-PCR was found to be 0.2 pg of viral RNA.  相似文献   

Concepts and Direction of Induced Systemic Resistance in Plants and its Application   总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11  

Joseph Kuć 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2001,107(1):7-12

Resistance to plant disease is often specific and metabolites and receptors contributing to this specificity may have specific structures. However, simple, structurally-unrelated compounds induce systemic resistance in unrelated plants to diverse pathogens including fungi, bacteria and viruses. Both resistance and induced systemic resistance (ISR) are associated with the rapid accumulation of the same structurally unrelated putative defense compounds that have diverse functions. It has been suggested that cultivar (race)-specific resistance is initiated by the specific interaction of a pathogen product (or pathogen induced product) and a plant receptor. However, restricted infection by pathogens can result in ISR and many different compounds can cause ISR. It is thus evident that there are both specific and non-specific routes to the master switch for ISR and there may be more than one master switch. Are reactive oxygen species and free radicals regulating the master switch(es) via both routes? It is also evident there are many switches, other than the master switch. Adding to the complexity of resistance and ISR are the observations that different compounds and pathways may mediate different biochemical resistances. Activation of one of the pathways may antagonize or enhance the activation or effectiveness of another. The review will address these complexities and questions and propose directions of research which require high priority. Factors which encourage and suppress the application of ISR in agriculture will also be addressed.  相似文献   

Does <Emphasis Type="Italic">Puccinia hemerocallidis</Emphasis> regularly host-alternate between <Emphasis Type="Italic">Hemerocallis</Emphasis> and <Emphasis Type="Italic">Patrinia</Emphasis> plants in Japan?     

Yoshitaka?OnoEmail author 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2003,69(4):240-243

Daylily rust fungus, Puccinia hemerocallidis, was proven to host-alternate between a wild daylily, Hemerocallis fulva var. longituba, and a patrinia, Patrinia villosa. No proof was obtained for the early belief that the fungus is pathogenic to plantainlilies, Hosta species, in addition to daylilies, Hemerocallis species. The fungus seems to alternate regularly between daylilies and patrinias in Japan because most daylily species are deciduous, and a vegetatively reproducing stage of the pathogen does not seem capable of successfully overwintering free of the living host tissue.  相似文献   

薇甘菊柄锈菌生物学及其寄主专一性   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

付卫东  杨明丽  丁建清 《中国生物防治》2006,22(1):67-72

在检疫温室条件下对外来入侵植物薇甘菊的寄生菌——薇甘菊柄锈菌的生物学及其寄主专化性进行了研究。结果表明，薇甘菊柄锈菌可以侵染植物叶片和叶柄等营养器官。受侵染部位起始出现褪绿斑，12～15d，自叶背产生黄色冬孢子堆，并逐步坏死和脱落，最终致寄主死亡。冬孢子黄至暗褐色，包埋在寄主组织中，无明显休眠期。高湿条件下，冬孢子易萌发产生担孢子进行再侵染。采用悬挂法对29个科、62个属的72种植物进行了寄主专化性测定，结果表明，薇甘菊柄锈菌在菊科植物天门冬、紫茎泽兰、向日葵、地胆草上形成褪绿斑，但未发现菌丝和吸器。薇甘菊柄锈菌可成功侵染薇甘菊和同属植物假泽兰。  相似文献   

木麻黄根瘤内生菌生物学特性研究   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

李志真  谢一青  王志洁  杨宗武  陈启锋 《林业科学》2003,(Z1)

对与福建、广州的细枝木麻黄、短枝木麻黄和粗枝木麻黄共生的 1 7株根瘤内生菌进行了形态培养、生理类群、营养源利用、代谢酶、宿主特异性等生物学特性进行了系统研究。结果表明 ,1 7株木麻黄根瘤内生菌具有分枝状菌丝、孢囊、泡囊等Frankia菌的特征性结构 ,FCc64、FCc92、FCe3 3等菌株还具有串珠状菌丝段。木麻黄内生菌有A、B、AB等 3种生理类群 ,其中B群内生菌多。菌株离体培养具有固氮酶活性 ,且差异显著。多数木麻黄内生菌能良好利用吐温 ,只有少数菌株可利用葡萄糖等糖类物质。内生菌不同生理类群在碳氮源利用、有机酸羧化和代谢酶产生等方面没有明显的对应关系 ,表现出丰富的多样性。侵染试验表明木麻黄Frankia菌株不仅可在木麻黄属内种间进行交叉侵染 ,还能侵染杨梅、沙枣和桤木等植物结瘤。  相似文献   

日本乙型脑炎病毒ELISA抗体检测试剂盒的研制及初步应用     

李建  谢红玲 《中国兽药杂志》2015,49(1):10-13

采用日本乙型脑炎病毒单克隆抗体预包被酶标板,将纯化的日本乙型脑炎病毒(JEV)作为检测用抗原,利用包被捕获法建立了用于检测猪乙型脑炎抗体的间接ELISA法。采用建立的ELISA法对50份已知阴性血清样本检测,临界OD450nm值为0.343,ELISA与IFA对200份血清进行平行检测,总符合率为92.9%,与商品化的同类国产试剂盒的符合率为95%。与其他常见的猪病毒阳性血清抗体无交叉反应,2~8℃保存12个月稳定。研制的ELISA抗体检测试剂盒为临床JEV血清抗体检测及其疫苗的免疫效果评价提供了技术手段。  相似文献   

农产品电商集群企业地理集中度、双重知识网络嵌入与协同创新绩效     

曾凡益  青平 《农业现代化研究》2022,43(3):420-430

协同创新是农产品电商集群企业高质量发展的重要内容,对实现小农户生产与大市场消费有效衔接和农业现代化发展具有重要意义。本文利用湖北、江西和浙江3省358家农产品电商集群企业的微观调研数据,运用多层次回归分析和Bootstrap分析方法,分析农产品电商集群企业地理集中度、双重知识网络嵌入与协同创新绩效间的关系,探究资产专用性和环境不确定性的调节作用。结果表明,农产品电商集群企业地理集中度和协同创新绩效处于较高水平,双重知识网络嵌入、资产专用性和环境不确定性均处于中等水平。地理集中度、双重知识网络嵌入、资产专用性与协同创新绩效显著正相关,环境不确定性与协同创新绩效显著负相关。农产品电商集群企业地理集中度正向影响协同创新绩效。农产品电商集群企业双重知识网络嵌入在地理集中度与协同创新绩效间发挥部分中介作用。资产专用性正向调节双重知识网络嵌入与协同创新绩效的正向关系;环境不确定性负向调节双重知识网络嵌入与协同创新绩效的正向关系;资产专用性和环境不确定性对双重知识网络嵌入与协同创新绩效的正向关系存在联合调节效应。因此,农产品电商集群企业要加强与集群内外部企业合作创新,注重数字技术设备的投入和更新,构...  相似文献   

Labile resistance of atlantic salmon,Salmo salar L., to infections with Gyrodactylus derjavini Mikailov, 1975: implications for host specificity     

Olafsdottir SH  Lassen HP  Buchmann K 《Journal of fish diseases》2003,26(1):51-54

  相似文献   

The life cycle of Henneguya nuesslini Schuberg & Schroder, 1905 (Myxozoa) involves a triactinomyxon-type actinospore     

Kallert DM  Eszterbauer E  El-Matbouli M  Erséus C  Haas W 《Journal of fish diseases》2005,28(2):71-79

The life cycle of the histozoic myxozoan parasite Henneguya nuesslini was investigated in two salmonid host species. Naive brown trout, Salmo trutta, and brook trout, Salvelinus fontinalis, were experimentally infected in two trials by triactinomyxon type actinospores from naturally infected Tubifex tubifex. In exposed common carp, Cyprinus carpio, no myxospore production was detected. The parasite formed cysts with mature myxospores in the connective tissue of the fish 102 days post-exposure. The morphology of both actinosporean and myxosporean stages was described by light microscopy and a 1417-bp fragment of the 18S rDNA gene was sequenced. Sequence analysis confirmed the absolute congruence of the two developmental stages and assisted in determining species identity. Host range, tissue specificity and myxospore measurements provided sufficiently distinctive features to confirm species validity and were thus crucial for identification. The triactinomyxon spores had 16 secondary germ cells, unique dimensions, a very opaque sporoplasm matrix and three conspicuously protruding, pyriform polar capsules. This is the first record of a Henneguya sp. life cycle with a triactinomyxon-type actinospore, which suggests a close relationship with the Myxobolus group and a polyphyletic origin of the genus Henneguya.  相似文献