抗条锈病普通小麦-滨麦6BS·6NsS附加易位系的分子细胞遗传学鉴定     

杜少帅  林益达  于军伟  杜欣  杨晓莹  吉万全  王长有 《麦类作物学报》2020,40(8):897-905

易位系是向小麦转移外源种属优异基因的重要种质资源。普通小麦-滨麦衍生系M13063A-1由小麦-滨麦第六部分同源群二体异附加系材料连续自交获得。为了给普通小麦-滨麦衍生系M13063A-1的利用提供依据,本研究利用形态学、细胞学、原位杂交、分子标记等技术,对该材料进行了鉴定。细胞学鉴定结果显示,M13063A-1有丝分裂中期染色体数目为44条,减数分裂中期I染色体构型为2n=22Ⅱ,且在减数分裂后期Ⅰ可均等分离。原位杂交结果表明,M13063A-1含有42条普通小麦染色体和1对普通小麦-滨麦易位染色体,易位染色体长臂为滨麦Ns基因组染色体片段,短臂为6BS。分子标记分析确定M13063A-1携带的滨麦染色体片段为6NsS。成株期条锈病抗性鉴定显示,M13063A-1抗条锈菌生理小种条中31和条中32。因此,M13063A-1是一个抗条锈病的普通小麦-滨麦6BS·6NsS附加易位系,可以用作小麦抗病育种的桥梁材料。  相似文献   

The effects of (S)-(+)-carvone treatments on seed potato tuber dormancy and sprouting   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Carlo Sorce  Roberto Lorenzi  Paolo Ranalli 《Potato Research》1997,40(2):155-161

Summary Potato seed tubers may suffer from premature sprouting during storage, thus limiting their suitability for cultivation. Commonly used sprout suppressant treatments negatively affect but viability and therefore a reliable method to inhibit bud development must still be found for seed tubers. The monoterpene carvone ((S)-(+)-carvone) was tested in small scale experiments. The vapour of this compound fully inhibited bud growth of tubers cv. Monalisa stored at 23°C without affecting bud viability throughout 6 months of treatment. The most effective range of carvone vapour concentrations was between 0.34 and 1.06 μmol mol⁻¹. With these qualities we can expect carvone to become a suitable sprout suppressant for seed tubers.  相似文献   

Grain Protein Content of Interspecific Progenies Derivedfrom the Cross of African Rice (Oryza glaberrima Steud.) and Asian Rice (Oryza sativa L.)     

《Plant Production Science》2013,16(3):287-293

Abstract

The protein contents of the grain of 50 interspecific progenies developed from the cross between WAB56-104, an Oryza sativa variety, and CG 14, an Oryza glaberrima line, were investigated. In contrast to the higher protein content of O. glaberrima than O. sativa on the average, the protein content of CG 14 was always lower than that of WAB56-104. However, judging from the average of three seasons, 72% of the interspecific progenies had a higher protein content than the mid-parent and 50% of them had a higher protein content than WAB56-104. Although the actual values of protein content of the interspecific progenies were significantly different among the seasons, a highly significant correlation was always observed in protein content between any two of the three seasons. Protein content therefore was considered character of each interspecific progeny though it was also affected by environment. A significant correlation was not observed between paddy yield and protein content in any season; several interspecific progenies showed higher protein content and paddy yield than the mid-parents. A low paddy yield is likely to be associated with high protein content through physiological regulation without a genetic linkage between the two traits. However, the results suggest that the transgressive segregation of protein content observed in the interspecific progenies is attributed not to this physiological regulation but to a certain mechanism to concentrate protein in grains with a genetic background.  相似文献   

Xanthium Suppression Under MaizellSunflower Intercropping System     

CHEN  Yuan-quan SUI  Peng LUAN  Chen SHI  Xue-peng 《中国农业科学(英文版)》2012,(6):1026-1037

  相似文献   

甘蓝型油菜亲本基因型对其与埃塞俄比亚芥的可交配性影响     

胡文发  孟金陵  刘兴梁 《中国油料作物学报》1992,(2)

以10个甘蓝型油菜品种与埃塞俄比亚芥进行了正反杂交。结果表明,甘蓝型油莱与埃塞俄比亚芥的种间可交配性很低,但在反映可交配性强弱的各个性状上,基因型间的差异显著。甘蓝型油菜作母本时,受精频率和结角率都较反交为低,在获得杂种种子和杂种植株上明显优于反交。约2/3的甘蓝型油菜×埃塞俄比亚芥低生活力杂种种子在组织培养条件下能萌发形成植株,反交的萌发率几乎为零。甘蓝型油菜×埃塞俄比亚芥的F_1植株能与甘蓝型油菜回交,与埃塞俄比亚芥回交不亲和。由于种间杂种F_1植株群体中常出现大量的母型植株,且获得的真杂种种子出苗率又很低,因此提出以F_1杂种植株数为基准的可交配指数来衡量种间可交配性高低。  相似文献   

奥利亚罗非鱼（♀）、鳜（♂）及其子代间遗传关系的研究   总被引：22，自引：0，他引：22  

杨弘 《水产学报》2004,28(5):594-598

罗非鱼生长快、味道好,是人们喜爱的鱼类,现已是世界性养殖鱼类,但它不能忍受低温,因此影响其养殖业的进一步发展。鳜则是名贵性鱼类,但其终生摄食活的鱼虾,这也限制了其养殖的发展。奥利亚罗非鱼(Oreochromisaurea)属鲈形目、鲡鱼科,鳜(Sinipercachuatsi)属鲈形目、脂科,它们间的杂交为科间杂交。鱼类科间杂交成功率很低,种间杂交有时可获得具有双亲性状的杂种鱼,有时也可发生雌核发育[1]。本研究中奥利亚罗非鱼雌鱼性染色体为ZW,其卵子如能在鳜精子刺激下行雌核发育,则可在短时间获得奥利亚罗非鱼纯系。在本文中,利用RAPD标记,对…  相似文献   

Development and application of fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) method for simple and rapid identification of the toxic dinoflagellates Alexandrium tamarense and Alexandrium catenella in cultured and natural seawater   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Shoko Hosoi-Tanabe  Yoshihiko Sako 《Fisheries Science》2006,72(1):77-82

ABSTRACT:   The toxic dinoflagellates Alexandrium tamarense (Lebour) Balech and A. catenella (Whedon and Kofoid) Balech produce potent neurotoxins, such as saxitoxin and gonyautoxin and have been mainly responsible for paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP) in Japan. To prevent a negative effect on the fishery industry, it is necessary to identify these toxic species precisely and rapidly before and during the bloom. In this paper, a rapid and simple protocol of a fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) method using ribosomal RNA (rRNA)-targeted probes has been established for identifying the cultured strains and natural cells of A. tamarense and A. catenella . Using the FISH method established in this study, it was possible to identify these toxic species species-specifically and rapidly, within 30 min. The procedure of detection constituted three steps: (i) fixation/dehydration; (ii) hybridization; and (iii) washing; this made the identification simple. Moreover, this method did not require either special techniques or equipment, and the cost for detection was low. The specificity, rapidity, and simplicity of the developed method suggest that it might be useful for routine monitoring of these toxic microalgae.  相似文献   

养殖牡蛎种间杂交的研究概况与最新进展   总被引：7，自引：5，他引：7  

张跃环  王昭萍  喻子牛  闫喜武 《水产学报》2014,38(4):613-623

贝类的远缘杂交起源于牡蛎,至今已经有130多年研究历史,其研究主要集中在经济价值较高的巨蛎属牡蛎的种间杂交上。作者在分析同类研究的基础上,结合近年来的研究结果,综述了国内外牡蛎种间杂交研究成果及其存在问题。具体内容包括种间配子兼容性分析、表型性状评估、杂种遗传鉴定、杂种优势估算、杂交不育格局、异源多倍体诱导及种间回交等几方面的研究进展和要点,并展望了牡蛎种间杂交的应用前景,以期为牡蛎种间杂交及遗传分析、优质苗种繁育及育种等方面研究和应用提供科学依据和实践参考。  相似文献   

玉米转录因子基因ZmPTF1在转基因烟草中的表达     

刘春华  高剑瑞  王鹏  夏超  董晓秋  刘兵  赵丹  韦如俊  兰海 《核农学报》2015,29(4)

为了探讨转录因子基因ZmPTF1在玉米种子萌发中的作用,本研究根据GenBank中收录的玉米PTF1序列设计PCR引物,利用普通玉米自交系A318克隆得到ZmPTF1的全长cDNA序列.该序列开放阅读框包括1 446bp碱基,由481个氨基酸组成.本文构建植物表达载体PCAMBIA3301-ZmPTF1转化烟草W38,经过抗生素筛选和PCR鉴定得到转基因阳性烟草,对2株生长正常的T1转基因烟草进行southern杂交分析及RT-PCR检测,结果表明外源ZmPTF1已经整合进了烟草基因组中并且能正常转录并遗传.与对照相比,转基因烟草种子的发芽率、发芽势及萌发种子α-淀粉酶活性显着增高,表明ZmPTF1基因过表达会促进烟草种子提前解除休眠进入发芽阶段,提高烟草种子发芽势和发芽率.该研究结果为进一步研究ZmPTF1基因的功能提供理论依据.  相似文献   

旱稻、稗草、高粱属间杂交F2糯质胚乳现象及分析     

李慧敏  赵凤梧  刘冬成  张爱民 《华北农学报》2005,20(6):51-53

以旱稻非糯性基因型远FH 2-1(旱稻65×长芒稗)为母本,高粱非糯性基因型沈农133为父本进行属间杂交,F2分离出糯性胚乳新性状.据群体1712株调查,糯性植株为340株,非糯性植株为1 372株.X2分析结果,该性状受两对显性基因互作影响,符合133抑制作用分离比例,不同于前人水稻糯性胚乳受一对隐性基因控制的遗传规律.  相似文献