Evaluation of a percutaneously controlled hydraulic occluder in a rat model of gradual venous occlusion     

Sereda CW  Adin CA  Ginn PE  Farese JP 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2005,34(1):35-42

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of a percutaneously controlled hydraulic occluder (HO) in a rat model of gradual venous occlusion. STUDY DESIGN: Experimental study. ANIMALS: Ten male Sprague-Dawley rats. METHODS: HOs and perivascular transit time ultrasound flow probes were applied to the caudal vena cava (CVC). Occluders in group I rats (n=6) were gradually attenuated over 8 weeks, whereas occluders in group II rats (n=4) were not attenuated. Vena caval blood flow measurements were performed weekly in all rats for 8 weeks. After euthanasia, the CVC was evaluated grossly and by histopathology. RESULTS: Premature occlusion of the vena cava occurred during the 1st week in 3 rats (1 in group I, 2 in group II) because of kinking of the vena cava between the HO and the flow probe. For the remaining rats, mean blood flow in group I decreased significantly from 40.71 mL/min/kg at baseline to 4.68 mL/min/kg at 8 weeks (P=.0094, power=0.91). Group II rats maintained vena caval blood flow at all times during the study. Complete occlusion of the vena cava was confirmed at necropsy in all group I rats. CONCLUSIONS: Gradual occlusion of the CVC of rats was achieved with HOs over 8 weeks. This model is limited by the size of the experimental animals and comparatively large implants. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: HOs may provide a method for gradual occlusion of congenital portosystemic shunts.  相似文献   

Hepatic encephalomyelopathy in a calf with congenital portosystemic shunt (CPSS)     

Valéria Café Mar?al  Anna Oevermann  Tim Bley  Patrizia Pfister  Julien Miclard 《Journal of veterinary science (Suw?n-si, Korea)》2008,9(1):113-115

A 4-month-old female Holstein Friesian calf was referred to the Veterinary Teaching Hospital, University of Berne, Switzerland for evaluation of ataxia, weakness, apathy and stunted growth. Clinical examination revealed generalized ataxia, propioceptive deficits, decreased menace response and sensibility. Postmortem examination did not reveal macroscopic changes of major organs. Histologically, the brain and the spinal cord lesions were characterized by polymicrocavitation, preferentially affecting the white matter fibers at the junction of grey and white matter and by the presence of Alzheimer type II cells. The liver revealed lesions consistent with a congenital portosystemic shunt, characterized by increased numbers of arteriolar profiles and hypoplasia to absence of portal veins. The pathological investigations along with the animal history and clinical signs indicated a hepatic encephalomyelopathy due to a congenital portosystemic shunt.  相似文献   

Untargeted metabolomic profiling of serum from dogs with chronic hepatic disease     

Yuri A. Lawrence  Micah A. Bishop  Julia B. Honneffer  Audrey K. Cook  Aline Rodrigues‐Hoffmann  Jrg M. Steiner  Jan S. Suchodolski  Jonathan A. Lidbury 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2019,33(3):1344-1352

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Outcomes after extrahepatic portosystemic shunt ligation in 49 dogs     

GB HUNT  J. HUGHES 《Australian veterinary journal》1999,77(5):303-307

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate outcomes after attenuation of extrahepatic portosystemic shunts in dogs using surgical silk. DESIGN: Retrospective study. PROCEDURE: Case records were reviewed for degree of surgical attenuation, experience of the primary surgeon, perioperative mortality and problems related to persistent portosystemic shunting or shunt ligation. Presence of portosystemic shunting after surgery was evaluated by ammonia tolerance testing, measurement of postprandial serum bile acid, plasma urea and cholesterol concentrations and liver enzyme activity. The influence of age, postocclusion portal pressure, primary surgeon, degree of attenuation and postoperative biochemical findings on the occurrence of postoperative problems was assessed. RESULTS: The mortality rate was 2.1%. Shunt attenuation was complete in 34% and partial in 66% of dogs. Portal hypertension necessitating ligature removal was encountered in only one dog. Five dogs experienced neurological abnormalities (seizures or ataxia), possibly as a manifestation of 'postligation seizure syndrome'. Postoperative liver function was normal in 78% of dogs, including 70% with partial shunt attenuation. Experience of the surgeon was related positively to outcome after partial attenuation (P = 0.002). Postoperative biochemical evidence of abnormal liver function was the most sensitive predictor of recurrence of clinical signs referable to persistent portosystemic shunting. CONCLUSIONS: In the hands of an experienced surgeon, surgical attenuation of single extrahepatic shunts was safe and effective, even in animals with partial attenuation. Most dogs with biochemical evidence of persistent shunting suffer relapse of clinical signs within 18 months of surgery. Postligation neurological syndromes of variable intensity may be more common than previously thought.  相似文献   

MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING OF A MEDULLARY DERMOID CYST WITH SECONDARY HYDROCEPHALUS IN A DOG     

Mike P.  Targett  MA  VetMB  PhD  MRCVS  Elizabeth  McInnes  BVSc  PhD  MRC  MRCVS  Ruth  Dennis  MA VetMB  DVR  MRCVS 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》1999,40(1):23-26

Magnetic resonance images were acquired of the brain of a 7-year-old male Golden Retriever with hydrocephalus secondary to a medullary lesion. Images were acquired prior to and 4 weeks following surgical treatment for the hydrocephalus, and the dog was euthanased following the second imaging session. The MR images demonstrated a medullary lesion with patchy but predominantly hyperintense signal with both T1- and T2-weighting, within which small areas of low signal were scattered. There was little edema associated with this lesion and no enhancement with gadolinium. Postmortem examination revealed the medullary mass to be a dermoid cyst. Several small nodular lesions were identified within the central nervous system on the magnetic resonance images whose origin was uncertain on postmortem examination.  相似文献   

Oxygen supplementation before induction of general anaesthesia in horses          下载免费PDF全文

H. van Oostrom  M. W. H. Schaap  J. P. A. M. van Loon 《Equine veterinary journal》2017,49(1):130-132

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ACQUIRED PORTAL COLLATERAL CIRCULATION IN THE DOG AND CAT     

GIOVANNA BERTOLINI 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2010,51(1):25-33

We describe patterns of acquired portal collateral circulation in dogs and in a cat using multidetector row computed tomography angiography. Large portosystemic shunts included left splenogonadal shunts in patients with portal hypertension. Small portal collaterals were termed varices; these collaterals had several patterns and were related either to portal vein or cranial vena cava obstruction. Varices were systematized on the basis of the venous drainage pathways and their anatomic location, namely left gastric vein varix, esophageal and paraesophageal varices, gastroesophageal and gastrophrenic varices, gallbladder and choledocal varices, omental varices, duodenal varices, colic varices, and abdominal wall varices. As reported in humans and in experimental dog models, esophageal and paraesophageal varices may result from portal hypertension that generates reversal of flow, which diverts venous blood in a cranial direction through the left gastric vein to the venous plexus of the esophagus. Blood enters the central venous system through the cranial vena cava. Obstructions of the cranial vena cava can lead to esophageal and paraesophageal varices formation as well. In this instance, they drain into the azygos vein, the caudal vena cava, or into the portal system, depending on the site of the obstruction. Gallbladder and choledocal varices, omental varices, duodenal varices, phrenico-abdominal varices, colic varices, abdominal wall varices drain into the caudal vena cava and result from portal hypertension. Imaging plays a pivotal role in determining the origin, course, and termination of these vessels, and the underlying causes of these collaterals as well. Knowledge about these collateral vessels is important before interventional procedures, endosurgery or conventional surgery are performed, so as to avoid uncontrollable bleeding if they are inadvertently disrupted.  相似文献   

城市街景改造设计的思考与实践——以重庆市华新分流道为例     

周蕙  董莉莉 《中国园艺文摘》2013,(6):112-114

街景改造是当前城市快速发展中有机更新的重要方式,设计思路对其有效实施有着重要作用。文章结合规划实践,以重庆市江北区华新分流道为例,研究街景改造的设计思路及应用。  相似文献   

Inaccurate point‐of‐care blood glucose measurement in a dog with secondary erythrocytosis     

Erin R. McQuinn  Austin K. Viall  Margaret A. Hirschfield  Jessica L. Ward  Unity Jeffery  Dana N. LeVine 《Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care》2020,30(1):81-85

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Complications and outcome of cats with congenital extrahepatic portosystemic shunts treated with thin film: Thirty-four cases (2008-2017)     

Paula Valiente  Mary Trehy  Rob White  Pieter Nelissen  Jackie Demetriou  Giacomo Stanzani  Benito de la Puerta 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2020,34(1):117-124

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