玉米赤霉烯酮对母猪繁殖性能和胎盘免疫相关基因表达量的影响   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

王相生  孙亚宁  阮崇美  张全伟  张勇  胡骁飞 《动物营养学报》2017,29(10)

本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加玉米赤霉烯酮(ZEN)对母猪繁殖性能和胎盘免疫相关基因表达量的影响。选择胎次相近、体重200 kg、妊娠第30天的长×大二元杂交母猪40头,随机分为2组,每组20个重复,每个重复1头。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组饲粮在基础饲粮中添加1.5 mg/kg的ZEN。试验期74 d。结果表明,与对照组相比:1)饲粮中添加ZEN显著提高了妊娠期母猪死胎数和弱仔猪数(P0.05),显著降低了母猪总产仔数(P0.05);2)饲粮中添加ZEN显著提高了妊娠期母猪血清孕酮含量(P0.05);3)饲粮中添加ZEN显著提高了妊娠期母猪胎盘中Toll样受体-2(TLR-2)和孕酮受体(PGR)基因表达量(P0.05)。由此可见,母猪妊娠期饲粮中添加1.5 mg/kg ZEN可显著降低母猪总产仔数,并显著提高死胎数和弱仔猪数。饲粮中低水平的ZEN对母猪繁殖性能仍产生不利影响。  相似文献   

A novel mycotoxin purification system using magnetic nanoparticles for the recovery of aflatoxin B1 and zearalenone from feed     

Hyun-Jung Kim  Sung-Hee Kim  Jin-Kyu Lee  Cheong-Up Choi  Hee-Soo Lee  Hwan-Goo Kang  Sang-Ho Cha 《Journal of veterinary science (Suw?n-si, Korea)》2012,13(4):363-369

In this study, we developed a novel tool for purifying two mycotoxins, aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and zearalenone (ZEN), in feed. This system utilized monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against AFB1 and ZEN, and magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs). Among ten MNPs with different diameters and functional groups, a 100-nm diameter MNP (fMA) conjugated to an amine group (-NH₂) was found to be optimum for coupling with mAbs. The optimal mAb concentrations for coupling to the fMA along with mycotoxin purification capacities of the fMA-mAb conjugates (fMA-AFB1 and fMA-ZEN) were determined. A comparison of mean recovery rates (from corn and product X feed) between the fMA-mAb conjugates and immunoaffinity columns (IAC-AFB1 and IAC-ZEN) showed that the rate for fMA-AFB1 (90~92% and 81~88%) was higher (p > 0.05) than that of IAC-AFB1 (81~84% and 72~78%) for AFB1 (5, 10, 15 ng/mL), and the rate for fMA-ZEN (99~100% and 92~94%) was significantly higher (p < 0.01) than that of IAC-ZEN (86~88% and 81~88%) for ZEN (10, 25, 50 ng/mL) except at a concentration of 10 ng/mL, demonstrating the remarkable purification efficiency of the novel fMA-mAb method. Additionally, mycotoxin purification was much faster using our novel method (approx. 5 min) than the IAC-based technique (> 30 min). This study suggests that the novel purification system we developed would be a useful tool for monitoring and regulating mycotoxin contamination in feed, and replace IAC methods.  相似文献   

一起玉米赤霉烯酮及呕吐毒素中毒引起猪繁殖障碍的病例报告     

林松  成建国  武英 《内蒙古畜牧科学》2012,(8):118-121

2012年4月,山东某规模猪场暴发疾病,母猪受胎率、产仔数、健仔数等繁殖性能指标显著下降,猪群表现出不同程度的霉菌毒素中毒症状。经初步调查,发现该猪场所饲喂的饲料被霉菌毒素污染,进一步采取原料玉米及饲料样品通过高效液相色谱法鉴定霉菌毒素种类及含量,结果显示,原料玉米中赤霉烯酮、呕吐毒素及烟曲霉毒素含量均超标。经更换饲料和采用脱霉剂后,母猪繁殖性能指标显著恢复。  相似文献   

高效液相色谱-二极管阵列法对中药中玉米赤霉烯酮毒素的检测效果     

张晓飞  杨美华  欧阳臻 《贵州农业科学》2012,40(4):102-106

为建立简便易行、快速准确检测中药中玉米赤霉烯酮毒素的方法,对107个中药样品中的玉米赤霉烯酮毒素采用高效液相色谱-二极管阵列检测法进行测定。结果表明:玉米赤霉烯酮毒素在5～1 000ng/mL范围内线性关系良好,检测限(LOD)为25.7μg/kg,回收率82.4%～92.8%,RSD2.4%～8.8%。高效液相色谱-二极管阵列检测法简便快速、通用性强、结果准确可靠,可满足不同基质中药中玉米赤霉烯酮毒素检测的需要。  相似文献   

一株高效降解玉米赤霉烯酮的耐酸耐高温枯草芽孢杆菌的研究     

耿海荣  张晨曦  赵月菊  刘阳 《核农学报》2019,33(7):1399-1407

为寻求更高效、实用的生物脱毒制剂,提高其应用范围,通过采集酸性、高温的温泉环境样品,筛选获得1株高效降解玉米赤霉烯酮(ZEN)的细菌菌株Y-33,并对该菌株生长和降解特性进行分析。结果表明,菌株Y-33在50℃、pH值5.0条件下孵育36 h,菌液对2 μg·mL^-1 ZEN的降解率高达93.79%,对20 μg·mL^-1 ZEN的降解率也达82.40%。从形态、生理生化特性及16S rDNA序列对菌株Y-33进行分析,初步鉴定为枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)。该菌株发酵上清液在28℃条件下对ZEN降解率为62.02%。金属离子Mn²⁺能明显增强菌株Y-33发酵上清液对ZEN的降解能力,降解率达81.17%,而Zn²⁺严重抑制了Y-33发酵上清液对ZEN的降解能力,降解率仅为5.42%。本研究结果为ZEN解毒菌剂的开发与应用奠定了理论基础。  相似文献   

Toxigenic Fusarium Species and Mycotoxins Associated with Maize Ear Rot in Europe     

A. Logrieco  G. Mulè  A. Moretti  A. Bottalico 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2002,108(7):597-609

Several Fusarium species occurring worldwide on maize as causal agents of ear rot, are capable of producing mycotoxins in infected kernels, some of which have a notable impact on human and animal health. The main groups of Fusarium toxins commonly found are: trichothecenes, zearalenones, fumonisins, and moniliformin. In addition, beauvericin and fusaproliferin have been found in Fusarium-infected maize ears. Zearalenone and deoxynivalenol are commonly found in maize red ear rot, which is essentially caused by species of the Discolour section, particularly F. graminearum. Moreover, nivalenol and fusarenone-X were often found associated with the occasional occurrence of F. cerealis, and diacetoxyscirpenol and T-2 toxin with the occurrence of F. poae and F. sporotrichioides, respectively. In addition, the occurrence of F. avenaceum and F. subglutinans usually led to the accumulation of moniliformin. In maize pink ear rot, which is mainly caused by F. verticillioides, there is increasing evidence of the wide occurrence of fumonisin B₁. This carcinogenic toxin is usually found in association with moniliformin, beauvericin, and fusaproliferin, both in central Europe due to the co-occurrence of F. subglutinans, and in southern Europe where the spread of F. verticillioides is reinforced by the widespread presence of F. proliferatum capable of producing fumonisin B₁, moniliformin, beauvericin, and fusaproliferin.  相似文献   

Fungal infection and mycotoxin contamination of maize in the Humid forest and the western highlands of Cameroon     

Z. Ngoko  W. F. O. Marasas  J. P. Rheeder  G. S. Shephard  M. J. Wingfield  K. F. Cardwell 《Phytoparasitica》2001,29(4):352-360

Fungal incidence and mycotoxin contamination of farm-stored maize were assessed and compared in grain samples from three villages each in two agroecological zones over time. Maize samples were collected at 2 and 4 months after stocking from 72 farmers’ stores in 1996 and 1997 in the Humid Forest (HF) and Western Highlands (WHL) of Cameroon. Mycological assays of these samples revealed several fungal species.Nigrospora spp. were the most prevalent fungi in HF (32%) and WHL (30%) in 1996,Fusarium verticillioides (22%) andF. graminearum (27%) were also isolated from these samples. In the WHL in 1996, no significant difference in fungal incidence was found among villages for samples collected 2 months after harvest, but at 4 months incidence was significantly higherP<0.05). In 1997 the levels of fungal contamination were lower than in 1996. The incidence ofAspergillus spp. was low in general, ranging from 0.0 to 5.9% infected kernels. Analysis with thin layer chromatography detected low levels of aflatoxins in a few samples.F. verticillioides mycotoxin fumonisin Bi (300-26,000 ng/g) andF. graminearum metabolites deoxynivalenol (<100–l,300 ng/g) and zearalenone (<50–110 ng/g) were determined by means of polyclonal antibody competitive direct enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. A significant correlation (r=0.72; P=0.0001) was found between the incidence ofF. graminearum and the contamination with deoxynivalenol. Storage time (2vs 4 months after stocking) had a significant positive effect (r=0.39; P=0.013) on the level of fumonisin B₁. This is the first report of the natural occurrence of these mycotoxins in maize in Cameroon.  相似文献   

Detection of estrogenically active substances in diets for sows by an in vitro bioassay supported by HPLC analysis     

Winter P  Nau H  Lampen A  Kamphues J 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2008,92(3):337-344

There is considerable evidence that exogenous estrogenic compounds can have adverse effects on fertility. The main reason cited in literature for hyperestrogenism in pigs is contamination of feedstuffs by the mycotoxin zearalenone (Boehm, 2000), but further estrogenically active substances might also be involved in cases of impaired fertility with symptoms like enlarged, red-coloured vulvae in piglets, irregular estrus cycles and anestrus of sows (Bennetts et al., 1946; Drane et al., 1981). It is well known that soy used in diets for pigs as a main protein source contains phytoestrogens. Amongst them, isoflavones like genistein and daidzein are of particular interest. Aim of this study was to optimize and use an established bioassay (Kluczka, 2003) to determine estrogenic activity in feedstuffs for pigs related to isoflavones and further substances with estrogenic potential. This bioassay is a reporter gene assay based on stably transfected human embryonal kidney cells (HEK 293) that contains either alpha or beta estrogen receptor (alpha- or beta-HEK). The estrogenic activity measured in the luciferase assay was expressed in estradiol-equivalents (EEQ) and the results were compared with the isoflavone content (genistein, daidzein) obtained by chemical analysis using high performance liquid chromatography-Ultraviolet (HPLC-UV). Mean estrogenic activity in diets fed to sows in herds with altered fertility was 275.8 microg EEQ/kg feed in alpha-HEK cells and 295.0 microg EEQ/kg feed in beta-HEK cells. Feedstuffs from herds without any altered fertility showed an average estrogenic activity of 204.9 microg EEQ/kg feed in alpha-HEK and 213.3 microg EEQ/kg feed in beta-HEK. The estrogenic activity was strongly related to the concentration of the isoflavones (alpha-HEK, r(2)=0.9488; beta-HEK, r(2)=0.9427). Clinically relevant zearalenone concentrations (>50-150 microg/kg feed) displayed estrogenic effects in the bioassay that did not differ significantly from those caused by high isoflavone concentration because of the use of soy as protein source.  相似文献   

猪胃肠道食糜中黄曲霉毒素B_1和玉米赤霉烯酮检测方法的改进及其在霉菌毒素吸附剂吸附效果评价中的应用     

安亚南  王丹阳  丁立人  杨新岗  邓亚军  刘强 《动物营养学报》2015,(6)

本试验旨在建立测定猪胃和小肠食糜上清液中黄曲霉毒素B1和玉米赤霉烯酮含量的高效液相色谱(HPLC)法,并利用该方法评价霉菌毒素吸附剂分别在不同介质中对黄曲霉毒素B1和玉米赤霉烯酮的吸附效果。为消除食糜上清液中复杂组分对目标毒素检测的干扰,本试验对毒素提取方法、液相色谱的检测波长设置和流动相组成进行了优化。利用单浓度体外吸附试验评价了4种霉菌毒素吸附剂分别在水、猪胃和小肠食糜上清液介质中对黄曲霉毒素B1和玉米赤霉烯酮的吸附效果。结果表明:1)反应上清液经过1次正己烷和3次二氯甲烷提取,荧光激发波长和发射波长在0~9 min和9~14 min分别设定为360、440 nm和235、418 nm,乙腈/水流动相中乙腈比例控制在40%~60%时,本试验采用的HPLC仪对1.00~10 000.00 ng/m L黄曲霉毒素B1和20.00~5 000.00 ng/m L玉米赤霉烯酮具有良好的分离定量效果,线性相关系数分别为1.000和0.999;检出限分别为0.16和2.00 ng/m L;黄曲霉毒素B1和玉米赤霉烯酮日内精密度相对标准差分别为2.37%、4.50%;日间精密度相对标准差分别为2.74%、8.84%。黄曲霉毒素B1和玉米赤霉烯酮标准添加回收率分别为89.1%~110.3%、98.7%~104.1%。2)自制霉菌毒素吸附剂样品P3、M3和市场采购的霉菌毒素吸附剂产品Y1、Y2在猪胃食糜上清液介质中对黄曲霉毒素B1的吸附率依次为72.10%、84.18%、83.17%和66.01%;在猪小肠食糜上清液介质中的吸附率依次为78.15%、88.08%、88.12%和67.34%。4种吸附剂在胃食糜上清液介质中对玉米赤霉烯酮的吸附率依次为85.35%、18.41%、16.20%和12.98%;在猪小肠食糜上清液介质中的吸附率分别为39.75%、25.15%、21.40%和24.85%。综上,本试验建立的HPLC法可同时测定猪胃和小肠食糜上清液中的黄曲霉毒素B1和玉米赤霉烯酮,检测限和检测范围满足我国《猪饲料卫生标准》的要求。该方法可用于评价霉菌毒素吸附剂猪生理体液条件下对黄曲霉毒素B1和玉米赤霉烯酮的吸附效果。  相似文献   

Mycotoxin detection——Recent trends at global level     

Jonathan Nimal Selvaraj  ZHOU Lu  WANG Yan  ZHAO Yue-ju  XING Fu-guo  DAI Xiao-feng  LIU Yang 《农业科学学报》2015,14(11):2265-2281

Mycotoxin contamination in agro-food systems has been a serious concern globally during the last few decades. Mycotoxins are toxic secondary metabolites produced by fungi when they grow in agro-food products and feedstuff. Several detection techniques have been developed in recent years to detect mycotoxins in the food and feed effectively. HPLC based techniques are very common in usage in the laboratories for the testing of mycotoxins. In recent years,immuno-based assays is widely used and have been reported at large due to its sensitivity and limited detection time. Immuno assay-based kits were developed effectively to be used in the fields and in storage systems to detect the mycotoxin levels. Microarray-based immunoassays developed in the recent years could simultaneously detect aflatoxin,ochratoxin,and zearalenone with the higher sensitivity. Aptamer-based assays could target the detection of ochratoxin and aflatoxins and fumonisins at high specificity in food products. In recent years,several assays reported for the simultaneous multiple detection of different mycotoxin was based on HPLC and LC-MS/MS. There is a need for the use of these advanced technologies in the commercial scale.  相似文献