万年青炭疽病病原菌分离与鉴定   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

郭彩霞  迟晓红  李光武  梁树乐 《江西植保》2009,32(4):161-163

万年青炭疽病是万年青的重要病害之一,其病原菌的分类说法不一,本文按照柯赫氏法则的要求进行了分离培养和鉴定,鉴定结果为丛刺胶盘孢属Vermicularia的万年青炭疽刺盘孢菌Vermicularia （Colletotrichum） montemartinii Togn.Var.rhodeae Trav.。文中对病害的症状、病原菌分离培养及形态特征等作了描述。  相似文献   

川芎炭疽病病原鉴定及4种杀菌剂对病原的抑制作用     

赵振玲  刘丹婷  杨维泽  张金渝  金航  杨美权 《安徽农业科学》2010,38(12):6260-6262,6390

[目的]对川芎炭疽病进行病原分离鉴定,并选用4种常用的杀菌剂进行抑菌试验,选择最佳抑菌药剂。[方法]按柯赫氏法则分离病原菌并进行形态鉴定;用平板菌丝生长抑制法进行杀菌剂抑菌试验。[结果]病害标本分离出的炭疽病菌与胶孢炭疽菌描述的形态特征相符;除灭菌成外,其余3种杀菌剂均可抑制该炭疽菌生长,处理7d后1000倍甲霜灵锰锌、代森锌、甲基托布津对该病菌的生长抑制率分别为26.8%、22.1%、59.8%。[结论]川芎炭疽病是由胶孢炭疽菌[Colletotrichum gloeosporioides（Penz.）Sacc.]侵染所致,川芎是胶孢炭疽菌的新记录寄主;该病菌的最佳抑制杀菌剂为甲基托布津。  相似文献   

黄瓜病害苗期多抗性鉴定方法的评价   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

赵国云  王惠哲  李淑菊 《北方园艺》2008,(9)

选用22份黄瓜高代自交系为试材,通过对单一接种法和复合接种法的调查结果进行相关性分析,发现两种方法之间有着显著的正相关(ra=0.99723,rb=0.998586,rc=0.99887,rd=0.99946).经双样本等方差分析,各种病害单接与复接病情指数在0.01水平差异均不显著,充分说明复合接种法是可行的,可以用于黄瓜种质资源该4种病害的多抗性筛选.在复合接种条件下,17份自交系抗枯萎病;18份抗白粉病;5份抗炭疽病;8份抗黑星病.Q6对4种病害均具有较好的多抗性;66可兼抗枯萎病、白粉病和炭疽病;R1和K25-4可兼抗枯萎病、白粉病和黑星病3种病害,与田间鉴定结果相一致.  相似文献   

油茶炭疽病菌潜伏越冬场所、菌态及菌量研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王义勋 《湖北林业科技》2013,(1):32-33,46

通过对越冬叶片和枝条上病斑表面分生孢子数量检测,越冬叶片、幼果、花托、枝条及病僵果的分离培养检测,结果表明:油茶炭疽病菌主要是以菌丝的形态在花托和幼果内潜伏越冬,成为初侵染源,但病斑表面分生孢子数量稀少,成为初侵染源可能性极小。  相似文献   

Responses of soybean genotypes to pathogen infection after the application of elicitors     

《Crop Protection》2016

Soybean diseases and pests can affect soybean production. One emerging pest management method is to treat plants with chemical elicitors at nontoxic levels to induce host resistance. The objective of this research was to determine if elicitors, benzothiadiazole (BTH), chitosan (CHT), phenylalanine (PHE), and salicylic acid (SA), applied to soybean foliage could alter the response of soybean genotypes to soybean pathogens. Two of the soybean genotypes had been previously shown to produce high or low amounts of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in response to elicitation. In the greenhouse, soybean genotypes were challenged with three pathogens 48 h after elicitation. Plants of the cultivar Pharaoh (susceptible control) treated with SA, and then inoculated with Macrophomina phaseolina had a shorter (α = 0.05) stem lesion length (34 mm) than the water control (55 mm). Plants of soybean genotype LD00-2817p (high capacity to produce ROS) and the cultivar Sloan treated with BTH, PHE, or SA, and then inoculated with Phytophthora sojae had greater (α = 0.05) survival rates than plants treated with the water control. The four elicitors and a water control were evaluated on LD00-2817p and LDX01-1-65 in the field for two consecutive years. Foliar disease incidence and severity were low for both years, although there were some differences in stem disease ratings. For example, charcoal rot stem severity rating was reduced (α = 0.05) from 2.0 in the water control to 1.1 with a PHE treatment for LD00-2817p and was reduced (α = 0.05) from 3.8 in the water control to 2.6 with SA for LDX01-1-65 in 2013. Both greenhouse controlled experiments and field experiments showed that genotype-specific elicitation reduced disease severity in some cases, but the differences were greater under controlled-inoculated conditions.  相似文献   

“种子处理和正确施药时间对菜豆炭疽病的防治效果”论文评述     

古瑜  韩启厚  于海龙  夏俊峰  刘惠静  岳欣  郞朗 《中国蔬菜》2013,1(8):1-3

本文对加拿大圭尔夫大学Gillard C L 教授等于2012 年在Crop Protection 上发表的一篇题为“种子处理和正确施药时间对菜豆炭疽病的防治效果”的研究论文（The control of dry bean anthracnosethrough seed treatment and the correct application timing of foliar fungicides）进行了评述。Gillard 教授等以播种前杀菌剂处理种子的方法为对照，设计了几个施药时间点，探讨了菜豆生长过程中正确的施药时间点，即寻找作物与病菌相互作用、病情发展的关键时间点。旨在延续并提高化学杀菌剂对炭疽病菌的防治效果，提高菜豆产量和质量，节省种植者的投入，并有效地保护环境。文章内容新颖，可操作性强，对生产实践有指导意义。希望通过介绍该论文的试验内容和所取得的成果，为国内同行在菜豆炭疽病防治方面提供参考。  相似文献   

Method to diagnose latent infection by <Emphasis Type="Italic">Glomerella cingulata</Emphasis> in strawberry plants using ethanol     

Seiju?IshikawaEmail author 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2003,69(6):372-377

Signs on strawberry leaves with latent infection by Glomerella cingulata became visible by a simple diagnostic method using ethanol immersion treatment (SDEI). Leaves treated with SDEI changed to dark brown or nearly black, and salmon-pink conidial masses were subsequently produced in the acervuli 5–10 days after incubation in moist petri dishes. The formation rate of conidial masses through SDEI was higher as the position of the leaves became lower. Conidial masses were produced more readily and abundantly when SDEI was performed at 28°C than at 22°, 25°, or 31°C. Latent infection was found to last 1–180 days. There was no difference in the time required for conidial production or in the rate of conidial formation regardless of isolate, cultivar, or leaf position. The varietal difference in resistance to strawberry anthracnose did not influence the rate of conidial mass formation after SDEI. SDEI is thus useful for detecting latent infections during the process of selecting disease-free plants.  相似文献   

Anthracnose of Sansevieria trifasciata caused by Colletotrichum sansevieriae sp. nov.     

Masayuki Nakamura  Masahiro Ohzono  Hisashi Iwai  Kei Arai 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2006,72(4):253-256

A Colletotrichum sp. was isolated from water-soaked lesions on sansevieria (Sansevieria trifasciata Prain cv. Laurentii) in Japan. Classifying the species only from the morphology of the fungus was difficult; therefore, host range was tested and the ribosomal DNA ITS2 region was phylogenetically analyzed. The fungus was pathogenic only on sansevieria among 20 test plants belonging to 11 families. In a phylogenetic analysis with the neighbor-joining method, the two isolates used formed a single-isolate clade. The fungus is thus proposed to be a new species, Colletotrichum sansevieriae. This report is the first of anthracnose on sansevieria.  相似文献   

Vegetative compatibility among isolates ofColletotrichum gloeosporioides from almond in Israel     

Talma Katan  Ezra Shabi 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》1996,102(6):597-600

Anthracnose, caused byColletotrichum gloeosporioides, is the major disease of almond in Israel. Pathogen attack of young fruit results in fruit rot and leaf wilting. Seventy isolates ofC. gloeosporioides were obtained from affected almond fruits collected at 11 sites during 1991–2 and 1994. Chlorate-resistant nitrate-nonutilizing (nit) mutants were generated from each isolate and used in complementation (heterokaryon) tests. The formation of complementary stable heterokaryons between mutants from different isolates showed that all the isolates belonged to a single vegetative compatibility group. Representative isolates ofC. gloeosporioides from almond did not form heterokaryons with local isolates ofColletotrichum from anemone and avocado, indicating that the almond isolates constitute a distinct subspecific group withinC. gloeosporioides.  相似文献   

Anthracnose of Japanese radish caused by Colletotrichum dematium     

Toyozo Sato  Taturo Muta  Yukihisa Imamura  Hidenobu Nojima  Jouji Moriwaki  Yukio Yaguchi 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2005,71(5):380-383

Anthracnose of Japanese radish found in Kagoshima and Miyazaki prefectures was demonstrated to be caused by Colletotrichum dematium based on inoculation experiments and morphological and molecular identification of the pathogenic fungus. Although symptoms of Japanese radish anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum higginsianum were similar to those caused by C. dematium, damage by the latter pathogen was more severe than that by C. higginsianum.  相似文献