陕西省锦葵科豆科大戟科植物炭疽病菌的鉴定     

谢鹏云 《甘肃农业大学学报》1996,31(2):144-150

对采自陕西锦葵科豆科大戟科植物上炭疽病菌的鉴定结果表明，在这三科植物上有以下炭疽病菌的种、专化型和型“①黑线炭疽菌［Ｃｏｌｔｏｔｒｉｃｈｕｍｄｅｍａｔｉｕｍ（Ｐｅｒｓ．ｅｘＦｒ）Ｇｒｏｖ］；②菜豆炭疽菌［Ｃｏｌｅｔｏｔｒｉｃｈｕｍｌｉｎｄｅｍｕｔｈｉａｎｕｍ（Ｓａｃ．ｅｔＭｏｇｎ）］；③黑线疽豆类专化型［Ｃｏｌ ｌｅｔｏｔｒｉｃｈｕｍｄｅｍａｔｉｕｍ．ｆ．ｔｒｕｎｃｏｔａ（Ｓｃｈｗ．）ｖ．Ａｒｘ］．首次发同了锦葵、蜀葵为炭疽菌的新寄主。另外，在蓖麻上发现了一个可疑种。  相似文献   

炭疽病菌对菜心抗性结构物质和产量的影响     

郭巨先  刘玉涛  杨暹 《西北农业学报》2015,24(6):120-124

为了探讨炭疽病对菜心叶片的抗性结构物质的诱导作用,通过接种炭疽病菌,测定2种不同抗性水平菜心品种的叶片气孔密度、细胞膜透性、木质素和富含羟脯氨酸糖蛋白(HRGP)质量分数。结果表明:感病品种的气孔密度和病情指数都显著高于抗病品种。接种炭疽病菌后菜心的抗病品种和感病品种叶片的细胞膜透性增大,木质素和HRGP的质量分数提高,但感病品种细胞膜透性增大更明显,而抗病品种的木质素和HRGP的质量分数明显高于感病品种。接种后菜心产量显著降低,感病品种比抗病品种减产率更高。说明,植株叶片的细胞膜透性、木质素和HRGP与菜心炭疽病的抗性反应有关,较小的叶片气孔密度和细胞膜透性、较高的木质素和HRGP可能是菜心抗炭疽病的机制之一。  相似文献   

美国和我国新疆葡萄资源抗主要真菌病害的田间自然鉴定     

吴行昶  刘楠  张剑侠  王跃进 《果树学报》2011,(5):849-856

2009—2010年采用田间自然鉴定的方法,研究了引进美国59份、我国新疆30份共89份葡萄资源在陕西杨凌地区的抗霜霉病、黑痘病和白粉病表现。结果表明,56个欧亚种品种对3种病害的抗性存在有差异,Exotic、Calmeria、Kishmish Hishrau、Canner、艾麦那和杨格尔等6个品种表现抗霜霉病,其余品...  相似文献   

菜豆抗炭疽病苗期鉴定条件优化及种质资源抗性鉴定     

韩启厚  古瑜  于海龙  夏俊峰  刘惠静  岳欣  郎朗 《中国蔬菜》2013,1(8):86-90

对菜豆抗炭疽病苗期接种鉴定条件（产孢培养基、菌液浓度、菌种培养时间、接种位置等）进行优化,确定了豆荚培养基是最佳的产孢培养基,产孢速度快,致病力强;最佳菌液浓度为2.0×10⁶个·mL^-1,发病快,重复性好;菌种培养20 d 后,致病力最强,接种效果最佳;接种叶片背面感病效果最好,节省时间。同时对收集的23 份菜豆材料进行苗期炭疽病抗性鉴定,其中有4 份为中抗材料,1 份高抗材料,抗性资源多为油豆类型。  相似文献   

Anthracnose of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Polygonatum falcatum</Emphasis> caused by <Emphasis Type="Italic">Colletotrichum dematium</Emphasis>     

Keisuke Tomioka  Jouji Moriwaki  Toyozo Sato 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2008,74(5):402-404

Severe spotting, blight and drop of leaves caused by Colletotrichum dematium were found on potted plants of Polygonatum falcatum, a liliaceous ornamental, in open fields in Kagawa Prefecture, Japan, in May 2001. This new disease was named anthracnose of P. falcatum. Keisuke Tomioka, Jouji Moriwaki, Toyozo Sato contributed equally to this work. The fungal isolate and its nucleotide sequence data obtained in this study were deposited in Genebank, National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences and the DDBJ/EMBL/GenBank databases under accessions MAFF239500 and AB334523, respectively.  相似文献   

Anthracnose of belmore sentry palm (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Howea belmoreana</Emphasis> Becc.) caused by <Emphasis Type="Italic">Colletotrichum gloeosporioides</Emphasis> (Penzig) Penzig et Saccardo     

Masayuki Nakamura  Yuki Hayasaki  Seiji Ryosho  Hisashi Iwai 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2008,74(1):86-87

Severe leaf spots were found on the ornamental plant, belmore sentry palm (Howea belmoreana), grown in pots in a greenhouse in Ibusuki, Kagoshima, Japan in 2006. The isolated fungus caused the same symptoms after artificial inoculation and was identified morphologically and molecularly as Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. In this first report of the disease, the name anthracnose of belmore sentry palm (kenchayashi-tanso-byo in Japanese) is proposed.  相似文献   

芒果炭疽病生境生态位   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

肖厚贞  辛吉武  刘志威  方佳  贾德峰 《热带农业科学》2009,29(6):23-25

应用生态位理论,测定芒果炭疽病生境生态位。结果表明,芒果炭疽病的空间生态位宽度指数比较大,对空间资源利用较充分。果园中间的果树通风性差,湿度大,芒果炭疽病的病情指数最大,北边边线较通风、湿度小,芒果炭疽病病情指数最小。果实期、夏稍期、秋稍期、花期芒果炭疽病的生境生态位宽度指数依次为：0．9508、0．9412、0．9653和0．8497。在各生境位点上,芒果炭疽病对资源的占有和利用能力是不同的,边线的生境相对不利于芒果炭疽病的生存,花期时果园各方位生境差异最大,对芒果炭疽病的生境生态位宽度影响最显著。  相似文献   

Accumulation of H<Subscript>2</Subscript>O<Subscript>2</Subscript> in xylem fluids of cucumber stems during ASM-induced systemic acquired resistance (SAR) involves increased LOX activity and transient accumulation of shikimic acid     

T. -C. Lin  H. Ishii 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2009,125(1):119-130

Systemic acquired resistance (SAR) to Colletotrichum orbiculare was induced in young cucumber (Cucumis sativus) plants within 3 h of ASM (acibenzolar-S-methyl) application onto the first leaves. A potent signal associated with significant accumulation of hydrogen peroxide in xylem fluids from severed stems appeared to be rapidly translocated from elicited lower leaves within 3 h and 6 h after treatment. Some metabolites of the shikimate, phenylpropanoid and lignin biosynthetic pathways were quantified and significant increases in the levels of shikimic acid were observed in ASM-treated plants challenge-inoculated with the anthracnose fungus. Furthermore, the expression of the 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase gene (EPSPS) was 1.5 times higher within 12 h after ASM treatment in challenge-inoculated plants than in the untreated control. The involvement of lipoxygenase activity, shikimic acid and others such as caffeic acid in the induction of SAR is discussed.  相似文献   

Ecological consequences of an exotic fungal disease in eastern U.S. hardwood forests     

Eric J. Holzmueller  Shibu Jose  Michael A. Jenkins 《Forest Ecology and Management》2010

Exotic pests and pathogens can cause extensive mortality of native species resulting in cascading effects within an ecosystem. As ecosystems lose species to exotic enemies, ecosystem function may be disrupted if the ecological roles are not filled by the remaining species. To illustrate this concept, this paper examines the impacts of an exotic fungus (Discula dectructiva) on flowering dogwood (Cornus florida), historically a common understory tree species in eastern U.S. hardwood forests. Recent studies indicate that dogwood plays an important role in the health and ecological integrity of forest ecosystems throughout the eastern U.S. by increasing the availability of calcium in the biota-rich surface horizons of forest soils. However, Discula destructiva causes a disease, dogwood anthracnose, which can rapidly kill dogwood trees. This paper also illustrates how past fire has increased dogwood density and improved tree health in areas infected with anthracnose, suggesting that prescribed fire may offer a tool for land managers to maintain dogwood as a component in eastern U.S. hardwood forests by shifting the “ideal” disturbance regime of this previously fire-intolerant species.  相似文献   

茶树炭疽病的研究进展     

刘威  袁丁  尹鹏  王子浩  郭桂义 《热带作物学报》2016,36(11):20-26

茶树炭疽病是茶树主要叶部病害之一,特别是南方湿度大、高山云雾多的茶园发生尤为严重。本文介绍了茶树炭疽病的症状、发病规律、发生分布情况与病原种类、病原菌鉴定技术、发病及危害和防治措施等方面的研究进展,结合理论研究与实际应用,为炭疽病的抗性茶树品种选育及病害防治提供参考。  相似文献