干旱胁迫下施钾水平与烟草叶片主要渗透调节物质的关系   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

赵泽茹  魏永胜 《西北农业学报》2009,18(6):356-360

采用砂培法对不同钾浓度处理下的烤烟NC89(Nicotiana tabacum L. cv. NC89)进行不同程度干旱胁迫,测定了株高、生物量等生长指标和主要渗透调节物质钾离子、可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白质及游离脯氨酸含量等生理指标,研究钾与其他渗透调节物质的关系.结果表明:轻度干旱胁迫下,高钾可使植株生长受胁迫程度得到缓解;重度干旱胁迫下,高钾则加重干旱胁迫对植株造成的损害;轻度干旱胁迫下随钾浓度升高烟草叶片钾含量有下降趋势,胁迫后期下降明显,而重度干旱胁迫下,高钾浓度能够增加烟草叶片钾含量;随着干旱胁迫时间推移可溶性糖含量先升高再降低,可溶性蛋白质含量持续上升,而游离脯氨酸含量先下降后上升.相关分析表明,干旱胁迫下钾与可溶性糖含量相关性不显著,与游离脯氨酸含量呈负相关性;而与可溶性蛋白质含量间呈极显著正相关.  相似文献   

AMF对低温胁迫下黄瓜幼苗生长和叶片抗氧化系统的影响   总被引：9，自引：1，他引：8  

韩冰  贺超兴  闫妍  郭世荣  于贤昌 《中国农业科学》2011,44(8):1646-1653

[目的]研究丛枝菌根真菌(arbuscular mucorrhiz fungi,AMF)对低温胁迫下黄瓜(Cucumis sativusL.)幼苗生长和抗氧化酶活性等生理指标的影响.[方法]以黄瓜品种‘津春2号'为试材,利用人工气候箱进行低温处理(昼/夜,15/10℃),研究低温胁迫下接种AMF对黄瓜幼苗生长、电解质渗透率、根系活力和叶绿素、丙二醛(MDA)、可溶性蛋白质含量及过氧化物酶(POD)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性的影响.[结果]与低温胁迫的未接菌对照相比,接种AMF可以使低温胁迫下黄瓜幼苗的株高增长量、茎粗增长量、地上部和地下部鲜质量的增长量、地上部和地下部干质量的增长量均显著提高,可溶性蛋白含量增加10.24%,根系活力提高178.32%,POD、SOD、CAT活性分别提高57.63%、6.72%和35%,MDA含量和电解质渗透率分别降低11.05%和16.08%.[结论]接种AMF可通过促进低温胁迫下黄瓜幼苗叶片可溶性蛋白的大量积累和抗氧化酶活性的提高,来降低膜脂过氧化水平,从而增强黄瓜幼苗对低温胁迫的适应性.  相似文献   

海洋微生物活性物质的研究进展     

李冰  徐涛  蔡敬民 《安徽农业科学》2011,39(23):13931-13934,13978

对海洋放线菌、海洋细菌、海洋真菌及海洋微藻产生的生物活性物质进行综述。  相似文献   

生物质的生物转化与利用研究进展     

张立科  田水泉  杨风岭  白巧 《安徽农业科学》2011,39(4):2230-2234

生物质的生物转化与利用在生物质能源开发、生物质材料制备和生物活性药物制取等领域已取得了丰厚的研究成果。对非粮生物质资源的生物转化与利用研究、生物质资源生物转化生物材料的过程优化研究,生物质资源生物转化生物药物的酶工程研究等方面进行了综述,并对生物质资源生物转化的方式与途径进行了分析。  相似文献   

盐胁迫对不同玉米品种幼苗渗透调节物质的影响   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

杨艳艳  王庆祥 《作物杂志》2012,28(1):99-102

以辽宁玉米主栽品种丹玉103、京科301、丹玉99、丹玉201、金刚35、郑单958、瑞盛512、丹玉603、辽单145为试验材料,测定不同浓度盐溶液胁迫对各玉米品种幼苗脯氨酸、可溶性糖以及可溶性蛋白含量的影响。试验结果表明:随着盐胁迫浓度的增加,所有玉米品种幼苗的脯氨酸、可溶性糖含量均有所增加,可溶性蛋白含量均有所降低;上述9个玉米品种中,丹玉103、京科301、丹玉99属强耐盐品种;丹玉603、辽单145属中度耐盐品种;丹玉201、金刚35、郑单958、瑞盛512属弱耐盐品种。  相似文献   

挥发性物质对植物致病菌的熏蒸作用研究进展     

王昌禄  王志芳  黄玉芳  李贞景 《保鲜与加工》2014,14(1):1-4

挥发性物质分子量小,化合物种类复杂,具有的熏蒸抑菌作用是其特殊的生物学功能之一,受到世界各国学者的关注。本文对挥发性物质的种类、抑菌活性及检测鉴定方法进行了概述,着重评述了植物（精油）和微生物产生的挥发性物质的抑菌作用及其研究进展,从挥发性物质中筛选出具有抑菌作用的单体化合物是新的研究方向。  相似文献   

假色槭种子透水性及内源抑制物质的初步研究     

谢朋徐丹  于海媛孙伟 林士杰 《中国农学通报》2014,30(22):53-58

为研究假色槭种子透水性及种子不同部位甲醇浸提液生物活性,初步探讨假色槭种子休眠原因,比较了假色槭完整种子和剪裂种皮种子的吸水率,测定了种子各部位浸提液对小麦种子萌发及幼苗生长的抑制强度。结果表明,种皮透水性良好,对假色槭种子休眠影响较小。假色槭种子的果皮、种皮、胚浸提液处理后,对小麦种子发芽率影响较小,但却严重影响了小麦苗高、苗鲜重、根长、根鲜重的生长,降低了叶绿素含量、淀粉酶活性,抑制了小麦种子对自身淀粉和可溶性糖的吸收利用,而且随着各部位浸提液浓度比例的不断提升,其抑制活性也表现得愈加强烈。在各部位浸提液浓度比例相同的情况下,胚浸提液对小麦种子发芽率、苗高、苗鲜重、根长、根鲜重的生长以及各项生理指标的抑制影响强于种皮和果皮。说明假色槭种子果皮透水性不是其休眠的主要原因,种子各部位存在发芽抑制成分,尤其是胚的抑制活性最强可能是其休眠期较长、不易发芽的主要原因。  相似文献   

海洋细菌生物膜用于生物修复陆地生态系统中土壤多环芳烃污染     

Neelam MANGWANI  Supriya KUMARI  Surajit DAS 《土壤圈》2017,27(3):548-558

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs) in soil retain for a quite long period due to their hydrophobicity and aggregation properties. Biofilm-forming marine bacterial consortium(named as NCPR), composed of Stenotrophomonas acidaminiphila NCW702,Alcaligenes faecalis NCW402, Pseudomonas mendocina NR802, Pseudomonas aeruginosa N6P6, and Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes NP103, was used for the bioremediation of PAHs in a soil microcosm. Phenanthrene and pyrene were used as reference PAHs. Parameters that can affect PAH degradation, such as chemotaxis, solubility of PAHs in extracellular polymeric substances(EPS), and catechol2,3-dioxygenase(C23O) activity, were evaluated. P. aeruginosa N6P6 and P. pseudoalcaligenes NP103 showed chemotactic movement towards both the reference PAHs. The solubility of both the PAHs was increased with an increase in EPS concentration(extracted from all the 5 selected isolates). Significantly(P 0.001) high phenanthrene(70.29%) and pyrene(55.54%) degradation was observed in the bioaugmented soil microcosm. The C23O enzyme activity was significantly(P 0.05) higher in the bioaugmented soil microcosm with phenanthrene added at 173.26 ± 2.06 nmol min~(-1) mg~(-1) protein than with pyrene added at 61.80 ± 2.20 nmol min~(-1) mg~(-1) protein. The C23O activity and gas chromatography-mass spectrometer analyses indicated catechol pathway of phenanthrene metabolism. However, the metabolites obtained from the soil microcosm added with pyrene revealed both the catechol and phthalate pathways for pyrene degradation.  相似文献   

植物根际微生物次级代谢产物研究进展   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

袁丽杰 《安徽农业科学》2010,38(28):15471-15474

植物根际是微生物生长的特殊微生态环境,根际微生物在种类和数量上不同于非根际微生物。近年来,通过根际微生物途径分离到一些活性物质,其中有一些新结构化合物,并在多方面具有较高生物学活性。植物根际微生物是一类值得深入研究与开发的微生物资源。  相似文献   

Effect of humic substances on nutrient uptake by herbage and on production and nutritive value of herbage from sown grass pastures     

G. Verlinden  T. Coussens  A. De Vliegher†  G. Baert  G. Haesaert 《Grass and Forage Science》2010,65(1):133-144

The effect of humic substances on the nutrient uptake, herbage production and nutritive value of herbage from sown grass pastures was studied in six field experiments. Commercial humic substances were applied in combination with mineral fertilizer or slurry, either as a solution (HF liquid; 8·3 kg humic substances ha⁻¹) or incorporated into the mineral fertilizer (HF incorporated; 3·6 to 6·4 kg humic substances ha⁻¹). A series of cuts, ranging from two to five cuts, was taken during the growing season. The general response in herbage production to application of humic substances was an increase in herbage mass of dry matter (DM) at the first cut although this was only significant in two experiments for the HF incorporated treatment. Total herbage production of DM over the growing season, however, was similar for treatments with or without application of humic substances. The overall effect of HF incorporated and HF liquid on the herbage mass of DM at the first cut across the experiments was calculated using a meta-analysis technique and it was shown that there was a significant proportional increase of 0·14 ( P  <   0·05) with the HF incorporated treatment and a non-significant increase of 0·08 with the HF liquid treatment compared to the control treatment. The nutritive value of the herbage at the first cut was similar across all treatments. In general nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium uptake at the first grass cut was higher after application of humic substances but only in one experiment was this increase statistically significant.  相似文献