成都港两侧秋季鸟类资源调查     

张腾  刘丹  黄明远  文陇英 《安徽农业科学》2014,(33):11734-11737

2013年9月至2013年11月,采用样线法对乐山市五通桥区冠英镇和牛华镇的鸟类资源进行了调查.共记录到冠英镇鸟类28种,隶属5目17科.牛华镇共记录到鸟类35种,隶属6目19科.多样性分析表明,冠英镇农田生境多样性指数最高（2.645）,牛华镇水域生境均匀度指数最高（0.949）,2个镇的水域生境之间的相似性最低（0.476）.冠英镇水域生境鸟类群落不稳定,对岷江河应采取一定的保护措施.  相似文献   

鸟类的语言   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

买买提  阿依古丽 《干旱区研究》1998,15(4):33-36

正如人类的语言活动一样，发声是自然界中动物进行种群及个体识别，信息交流的重要工 具。它在动物生存竞争中具有极为重要的意义。鸟类利用发声进行种间的识别、求偶、觅食、报警、筑巢等活动。鸣声中包含有丰富的生物学信息，而被称为鸟类的语言，鸟类鸣叫是其种祖特征之一。鸟类的鸣叫和鸣唱依赖于发育完善的鸣管并接受脑各级发声中枢组成的机能控制系统的调控。在鸣禽脑中还存在着鸣唱学习通路。  相似文献   

汽车起动机常见故障检查诊断及修理     

肖扬 《黑龙江八一农垦大学学报》1998,10(1):53-57

汽车起动机是用来起动机的装置，它主要由三部分组成，即电机、传动机构和起动开发、本文介绍了汽车起动机常见故障的检查诊断步骤，并提出了具体修理方法。  相似文献   

Seed removal by ants,birds and rodents in a woodland savanna habitat in Zimbabwe     

《African Zoology》2013,48(2):295-299

Seed removal from bait stations was studied in miombo habitat in western Zimbabwe. Previous studies of seed predation in southern Africa have largely been conducted in desert ecosystems. However, this woodland-savanna habitat is more mesic and has relatively predictable rainfall patterns. The experiment was conducted in grassy and woody microhabitats in the hot, dry season and early wet season, and followed a year in which precipitation was 69 % of the long-term average. Birds removed the greatest quantity of seeds, followed by ants and then rodents. Previous studies in northern hemisphere mesic environments emphasize the importance of rodents and minor role of invertebrates in seed predation. Although our site appears to have more in common with southern hemisphere desert sites than with northern hemisphere mesic sites, we recognize that our results are likely to reflect a lower limit of consumption by rodents.  相似文献   

2008年持续低温降雪冻雨对梁子湖流域鸟类的影响调查     

李振文  李立  张德怀  余庆华 《野生动物》2008,29(6)

2008年1月,梁子湖流域遭遇历时罕见的持续低温降雪冻雨极端天气,304km~2梁子湖冰冻封湖15 d。地面持续冰雪覆盖,导致鸟类生境结构破坏,生境资源不可利用,最终因长时间食物匮乏和冷害的双重影响出现严重灾害性死亡。涉及鸟类22科42种,流域内数量损失30万～40万只。  相似文献   

Turloughs - Ireland’s unique wetland habitat     

M. Sheehy Skeffington  J. Moran  Á. O Connor  E. Regan  C.E. Coxon  M. Gormally 《Biological conservation》2006,133(3):265-290

Turloughs are karst wetland ecosystems that are virtually unique to Ireland. Flooding annually in autumn through springs and fissures in the underlying limestone and draining in the springtime, often through the same fissures or swallow-holes, they have been described as ‘temporal ecotones’. Over 300 have been documented. They are priority habitats in the EU Habitats Directive and support a variety of wet grassland and fen type vegetation. Though the vegetation has been recorded and mapped for over 80 turloughs, records for invertebrates are more sporadic. Characteristic species include some aquatic species-often benefiting from the absence of fish-, and many wetland terrestrial species, including carabid beetles that are rare on a European scale. Due to their shallow nature and the full vegetation cover of the basin, turloughs can host internationally significant numbers of visiting winter wildfowl, particularly whooper swans. The variety of plant and invertebrate communities between turloughs is primarily due to different hydrogeomorphological characteristics, but also depends on the range of grazing practices on turloughs. Since these often vary within a turlough basin, this helps maintain within-turlough biodiversity. The main threat to turloughs in the past was drainage, but pollution by nutrients is also now potentially detrimental. However, a more recent and important threat may be the cessation of farming within turloughs. As potentially threatened wetlands of European importance, turloughs require a full inventory of their biodiversity and the factors affecting it. The collation here of all literature concerning turloughs will provide a basis for an integrated approach to future research on turloughs that is essential for a full understanding of these complex ecosystems.  相似文献   

Small isolated aspen stands enrich bird communities in southwestern ponderosa pine forests     

Kerry L. Griffis-Kyle  Paul Beier 《Biological conservation》2003,110(3):375-385

Small aspen stands are disappearing from the landscape in the Southwest, so it is important to understand their contribution to the avian community. We sampled birds in 53 small, isolated aspen stands and 53 paired plots within the ponderosa pine forest in northern Arizona, during the 1996 and 1997 breeding seasons. Bird species richness and abundance were higher in aspen than in pine. However, bird species richness and abundance did not vary with size of the aspen patch or isolation index. In addition, direct ordination of species distributions with habitat factors suggested no distinct avian communities. This suggests that aspen stands do not harbor separate populations, but rather are locations where the regional avifauna reaches high local density and richness and may be crucial to birds in years of resource scarcity. Thus it is important for avian conservation to maintain many aspen stands across the landscape, encompassing a diversity of vegetation structure and composition.  相似文献   

Winter flocking behaviour of speckled warblers and the Allee effect     

Janet L Gardner 《Biological conservation》2004,118(2):195-204

The aggregation of individuals into foraging flocks is one behavioural trait that, if disrupted, can cause the Allee effect, which is a slowing in population growth at low density or small population size, and this can greatly increase the risk of extinction. Here, I describe intraspecific flocking behaviour of a colour-banded population of speckled warblers, Chthonicola sagittata, a species that has declined across a large part of its range in the fragmented temperate woodlands of Australia. I make predictions about the context in which the Allee effect might be expressed and the consequences for the viability of populations living in small habitat remnants. Speckled warblers lived in discrete, stable social groups throughout winter, the nucleus of which was the residents from one or more adjacent breeding territories. The timing and mode of flock formation and the size of flocks varied between two winters, apparently in response to the severity of conditions; thus flocking probably facilitates increased foraging efficiency and predator detection, potentially leading to increased survival in harsh conditions. Because flock territories were up to 30 ha each, and larger territories are likely, birds living in remnants smaller than 40 ha may suffer increased mortality if there are too few birds available to form flocks of an appropriate size to facilitate the benefits of grouping when conditions are most extreme. Further, in small remnants where survival is reduced, dominance behaviour and male-male competition may act to compound the Allee effect by reducing reproductive success. Regardless of these predictions, speckled warbler populations may only be viable in remnants that are large enough to support multiple flocks, to enable rapid recruitment to breeding vacancies and thus provide adequate numbers of birds for flocking.  相似文献   

三江自然保护区冬季鸟类生态调查   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

鲁长虎  吴建平  冯文义 《东北林业大学学报》2002,30(5):97-100

1998年1月和2001年11月，两次对三江国家级自然保护区冬季鸟类进行了调查，共记录39种鸟类。其中，冬候鸟12种，仅占黑龙江省冬候鸟总数的52．2％，留鸟27种，仅占黑龙江省留鸟的46．5％。优势种5种，常见种6种，偶见种28种。两次调查比较可见，多数冬候鸟在11月份尚未迁入保护区境内。农田和岛状林生境食物资源丰富，分布的鸟类种类最多，沼泽生境鸟类最少。冬季鸟类食物组成多样，多种鸟类集群活动、觅食。  相似文献   

Response to Strubbe et al. (2011): Impact scoring of invasive birds is justified     

Sabrina Kumschick  Wolfgang Nentwig 《Biological conservation》2011,144(12):2747

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