Therapeutic management of copper deficiency in buffalo heifers: Impact on immune function     

Sharma MC  Joshi C  Das G 《Veterinary research communications》2008,32(1):49-63

To evaluate the magnitude of copper deficiency in Northern India and to examine the various haematobiochemicals, enzymes, vitamins and immune functions affected by copper deficiency, and to identify the parameters which can be of diagnostic importance in copper deficiency, a survey was conducted in 12 districts of Northern India. Significant deficiency of copper was observed in soil, fodder and serum samples of buffalo heifers. Fifty hypocuperaemic buffalo heifers were selected from these areas and were randomly divided into two groups, A and B. The heifers in group A were provided with mineral mixture containing copper sulphate and in group B without copper sulphate. Significant (p < 0.01) improvement in serum ceruloplasmin level was observed within 30 days of treatment, while significant (p < 0.01) improvement in monoamine oxidase and liver cytochrome oxidase was observed at the 60th day of treatment in group A animals. Significant improvement was observed in T₃ and T₄, in the animals of group A within 60 days of treatment. The values of vitamin A and E showed significant (p < 0.01) improvement within 30 days of treatment. The phagocytic activity of neutrophils against Candida albicans significantly (p < 0.01) improved in group A within 60 days of treatment. Similarly, significant improvement in superoxide dismutase activity in red blood cells was observed at the 30th day, and in total leukocytes and whole blood at the 60th day in group A animals. Significant improvement in liver copper level was observed at the 30th day of treatment, while in group B the liver copper was significantly (p < 0.01) depleted at the 60th day of experimentation. Additional copper supplementation improved growth performance significantly in group A.  相似文献   

核桃基腐病菌产生细胞壁降解酶的种类及其活性分析     

迪丽努尔  布再纳普古丽·依萨克  王晓炜 《中国林副特产》2013,(5):28-30

通过致病力的测定筛选出两株强致病力核桃基腐病菌菌株HA-1和KY-S,通过对酶活性的分析,研究证实核桃基腐病菌均能分泌4种细胞壁降解酶(CWDEs):β-葡萄糖苷酶、多聚半乳糖醛酸酶(PG)、果胶甲基半乳糖醛酸酶(PMG)、纤维素酶(Cx)。在不同碳源培养条件下,核桃基腐病产生细胞壁降解酶的活性存在一定差异,以蔗糖为碳源时,菌株分泌的各种细胞壁降解酶活性较高。在4种培养基中,达到各酶活性高峰的时间仅为3d。在蔗糖培养基中,核桃基腐病菌产生的Cx最大酶活性为1495.5mU/mL,明显高于其他3种酶,且显著高于其他培养基产生的Cx。但在树皮为碳源的培养基中Cx的活性最低。在CMC为碳源的培养基中PG、PMG的活性最高,分别为826.5mU/mL和661.3mU/mL,此外,以果胶为碳源时产生的PMG的活性最高为1068.0mU/mL。  相似文献   

电场处理油葵种子对幼苗抗旱能力的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王征宏  侯建华  赵威 《河南科技大学学报(农学版)》2003,23(2):8-11

用不同场强的电场处理油葵品种的种子，于二叶一心期进行干旱胁迫，然后进行超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)的活性及膜脂过氧化产物(丙二醛MDA)的含量的测定。结果表明：电场处理组SOD、POD、CAT均高于对照组，而MDA低于对照组。可以认为，静电场处理使膜结构与功能在干旱胁迫下得到保护，从而提高了油葵的抗旱性，不同电场强度对油葵品种的影响效果不同。  相似文献   

酸浆果萼水溶性多糖提取工艺的比较   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

葛玉  段玉峰  刘俊花  张欣 《东北林业大学学报》2006,34(5):73-75

采用热水浸提法、超声提取法和酶提法进行酸浆果萼多糖的提取。结果表明:热水浸提法在90℃、加水15倍、浸提6h时多糖得率最高,可达2.920%;用超声波提取技术浸提,以功率300W、超声时间25min、料液比1∶15(W∶V)时得率最高,达3.367%;酶法提取多糖时,选用木瓜蛋白酶提取效果最好,得率可达8.581%,Sevag结合酶法可大大提高除蛋白率;大孔吸附树脂LSA-8B可有效提高脱色率和多糖保留率。  相似文献   

The effect of enzyme supplementation on the true ileal digestibility of a lupin based diet for piglets     

V.M.R. Pires  C.M.A. Fontes  L.M.A. Ferreira  C.I.P.D. Guerreiro  L.F. Cunha  J.P.B. Freire   《Livestock Science》2007,109(1-3):57-59

A trial involving 24 weaned piglets was conducted to evaluate the effect of two alpha-galactosidases, associated or not with a cellulase and hemicellulase enzyme mixtures, for improving the nutritive value of a cereal–Lupinus albus based diet. Enzyme supplementation was unable to improve apparent ileal digestibility of crude protein and true ileal digestibility of amino acids. However, ileal digestibility of NDF tended to increase with enzyme supplementation, suggesting a residual hemicellulase activity in both -galactosidases mixtures under analysis.  相似文献   

再生水灌溉对冬小麦不同生育期抗氧化酶系的影响   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

孙晓波  李玉中  李康  居辉 《中国农学通报》2007,23(6):561-561

通过对冬小麦再生水灌溉与清水灌溉的比较研究,从作物生理角度确定再生水灌溉的可行性。试验采用不同预处理的城市再生水;同时进行大田和盆栽两种培育方式;以冬小麦叶片为检测样品;以可溶性蛋白、丙二醛（MDA）含量、过氧化氢酶（CAT）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、超氧化物酶（POD）为测定生物学指标作为评价。分别在不同生育期测试了再生水灌溉和清水灌溉冬小麦下,上述指标的差异。结果表明：再生水灌溉与清水灌溉对冬小麦抗氧化酶系的影响没有显著差异,从而说明以再生水灌溉冬小麦是可行的。  相似文献   

麦麸资源分级分离高值利用的尝试研究     

高怡然  孙媛  钟振声 《安徽农业科学》2014,(1):223-226

麦麸是小麦制面粉过程中的副产物,含有大量淀粉、膳食纤维及蛋白质,是一种宝贵的资源。以麦麸为原料,采用稀碱浸提蛋白,耐高温α-淀粉酶液化淀粉,分离出的液化液经过糖化酶处理制备葡萄糖,固体部分经过超声波改性后成为膳食纤维,麦麸的主要成分基本得到了利用。设计工艺流程,对产物进行了表征。结果蛋白提取利用率为70．18％,淀粉提取利用率为91．05％,纤维提取利用率为94．69％。  相似文献   

根外追肥对新疆杨叶片内叶绿素含量及保护酶活性的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王兴军 《山东林业科技》2014,(1):31-33,24

试验研究了根外追肥对新疆杨叶片内叶绿素含量及保护酶活性的影响规律,以期为确定最佳的尿素根外追肥浓度提供理论依据。结果表明:根外追肥可以提高新疆杨叶片内的叶绿素含量,随着喷施尿素浓度的增加而升高,浓度为2.10%以上时显著高于对照;POD活性在浓度为2.10%以上时显著高于对照,其他浓度与对照之间无显著差异;SOD活性仅10月份2.10%浓度处理显著高于对照,其余浓度处理与对照之间无显著差异;PPO活性在7月份表现为随着尿素浓度的增加而降低的变化,8~10月份2.10%浓度处理显著高于对照。综合分析认为,根外追施尿素浓度以2.10%为宜。  相似文献   

Long term CO₂ enrichment stimulates N-mineralisation and enzyme activities in calcareous grassland     

Diana Ebersberger  Pascal A Niklaus  Ellen Kandeler 《Soil biology & biochemistry》2003,35(7):965-972

Elevated concentration of atmospheric carbon dioxide will affect carbon cycling in terrestrial ecosystems. Possible effects include increased carbon input into the soil through the rhizosphere, altered nutrient concentrations of plant litter and altered soil moisture. Consequently, the ongoing rise in atmospheric carbon dioxide might indirectly influence soil biota, decomposition and nutrient transformations.N-mineralisation and activities of the enzymes invertase, xylanase, urease, protease, arylsulfatase, and alkaline phosphatase were investigated in spring and summer in calcareous grassland, which had been exposed to ambient and elevated CO₂ concentrations (365 and 600 μl l⁻¹) for six growing seasons.In spring, N-mineralisation increased significantly by 30% at elevated CO₂, while there was no significant difference between treatments in summer (+3%). The response of soil enzymes to CO₂ enrichment was also more pronounced in spring, when alkaline phosphatase and urease activities were increased most strongly by 32 and 21%. In summer, differences of activities between CO₂ treatments were greatest in the case of urease and protease (+21 and +17% at elevated CO₂).The stimulation of N-mineralisation and enzyme activities at elevated CO₂ was probably caused by higher soil moisture and/or increased root biomass. We conclude that elevated CO₂ will enhance below-ground C- and N-cycling in grasslands.  相似文献   

稀土元素铈缓解镉对菱叶的毒害效应研究   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1  

罗玉明  保曙琳  丁秉中  丁小余  杨晋彬 《土壤学报》2006,43(5):808-813

利用不同浓度的Cd^2＋和不同浓度的Cd^2＋加5mgL^-1Ce^3＋分别处理菱植株，对菱叶中的叶绿素、脯氨酸、保护酶——超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化物酶（POD）和过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性的动态变化进行了研究：实验结果表明：在镉胁迫下，随着镉浓度的上升（0～4mgL^-1）菱叶中叶绿素含量下降，SOD、POD活性和脯氨酸含量在镉低浓度时上升而高浓度时下降，相反，CAT活性在镉低浓度时下降而高浓度时上升。与镉离子单一处理相比，Cd^2＋-Ce^3＋复合处理中的Ce^3＋可提高叶片中叶绿素的含量和SOD、POD的活性，尤其是在1mgL^-1 Cd^2＋加5mgL^-1Ce^3＋复合处理中，POD活性较对照提高了8．33倍。由此表明，5mgL^-1Ce^3＋对低浓度镉引起菱叶片的毒害作用有较为明显的缓解效果。  相似文献