不同类型杀虫剂对柑橘木虱的田间防治效果评价     

黄洪  曾令柏  刘雪源  唐涛 《湖南农业科学》2017,(6)

为了有效防治柑橘木虱,避免引发柑橘黄龙病,2015~2016年采用田间小区试验探索了有机磷酸酯类、拟除虫菊酯类、新烟碱类、昆虫生长调节剂类、线粒体电子传递抑制性杀虫剂和特拉姆酸衍生物等6类9种杀虫剂对柑橘木虱的防治效果。结果表明:2.5%高效氟氯氰菊酯EW、100 g/L联苯菊酯EC、5%啶虫脒EC和21%噻虫嗪SC对柑橘木虱的速效性较好,药后3 d防治效果就达81%以上;而15%唑虫酰胺SC和22.4%螺虫乙酯SC对柑橘木虱的持效期最长,药后15 d防治效果仍在90%以上,其次为100 g/L吡丙醚EC和2.5%高效氟氯氰菊酯EW,药后15 d防治效果仍在88%左右;25%噻嗪酮WP和40%毒死蜱EW对柑橘木虱的的防治效果相对较差,药后3~15 d防治效果均未超过87%。在柑橘生产实践中,建议轮换使用高效氟氯氰菊酯、联苯菊酯、唑虫酰胺和螺虫乙酯防治柑橘木虱。  相似文献   

Costs and benefits of insecticide and foliar nutrient applications to huanglongbing‐infected citrus trees          下载免费PDF全文

James A Tansey  Pilar Vanaclocha  Cesar Monzo  Moneen Jones  Philip A Stansly 《Pest management science》2017,73(5):904-916

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高温对亚洲柑橘木虱死亡率和活动行为的影响          下载免费PDF全文

邝凡  林梦琪  袁水秀  罗友泉  张宁  卢占军  胡威 《南方农业学报》2017,48(9):1600-1604

[目的]研究高温对亚洲柑橘木虱死亡率和活动行为的影响,为亚洲柑橘木虱的防治提供理论依据.[方法]在光照培养箱中模拟高温环境,研究40、42、44、45和46℃高温条件下亚洲柑橘木虱的死亡率;研究36~46℃逐渐升温对亚洲柑橘木虱活动行为的影响;在45℃下,研究不同光照对亚洲柑橘木虱死亡率的影响,以及36与45℃循环变温对亚洲柑橘木虱死亡率的影响.[结果]在40、42、44、45和46℃高温条件下50%亚洲柑橘木虱死亡时间(LT50)分别为138.038、17.140.、11.695、10.593和0.337 h;95%亚洲柑橘木虱死亡时间(LT9s)分别为181.970、26.978、18.843、14.718和0.500 h:在36~46℃逐渐升温过程中,亚洲柑橘木虱的活动逐渐增强;高温(45℃)条件下暗处理的LT50和LT9s分别为6.353和8.913 h,均小于正常光照处理的10.593和14.718 h,而36与45℃循环变温的LT50和LT95分别为13.740和18.967 h,均大于恒温处理的10.593和14.718 h.[结论]高温导致木虱种群生存时间缩减是亚洲柑橘木虱在高温季节出现种群消退现象的主要原因.  相似文献   

粉棒束孢对柑橘全爪螨的毒杀活性及其生物学特性     

龙艳玲  胡军华  王帆  陈若霓  陈仕江  卿玉玲  秦绍蓉 《湖南农业大学学报(自然科学版)》2017,43(4)

室内测定了粉棒束孢(Paecilomyces farinosus)菌株nq1–1对柑橘全爪螨雌成螨的毒力,并通过单因素试验,分析该菌的生物学特性。结果表明:nq1–1菌株对柑橘全爪螨雌成螨的LC_(50)和LT_(50)分别为1.59×10~7/mL和7.9 d;菌株最适生长和产孢培养基分别为萨氏培养基和PDA培养基;蔗糖和有机氮源(赖氨酸)有利于该菌生长和产孢;菌丝生长和产孢的最适温度均为20℃,最适孢子萌发温度为25~28℃;菌丝生长、产孢以及孢子萌发的最适pH均为6.0;nq1–1菌株具有较强的抗紫外线能力;82.6%氧化亚铜(水分散粒剂)、75%百菌清(可湿性粉剂)、50%喹啉铜(可湿性粉剂)等杀菌剂与菌株相容性较好。nq1–1菌株对柑橘全爪螨有较好的毒杀活性,喜好偏低温、中性以及富含有机营养的环境。  相似文献   

Liberibacters associated with orange jasmine in Brazil: incidence in urban areas and relatedness to citrus liberibacters     

S. A. Lopes  G. F. Frare  L. E. A. Camargo  N. A. Wulff  D. C. Teixeira  R. B. Bassanezi  G. A. C. Beattie  A. J. Ayres 《Plant pathology》2010,59(6):1044-1053

Two surveys (2005/2006 and 2009) were conducted in the state of São Paulo, Brazil, to investigate the incidence of ‘Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus’ and ‘Ca. L. americanus’, two liberibacters associated with citrus huanglongbing (HLB) disease and both transmitted by Diaphorina citri, in orange jasmine (Murraya exotica), a widespread ornamental tree in cities and villages. The graft‐transmissibility of the two species, and their DNA relatedness to citrus‐associated liberibacters, were also investigated. Quantitative PCR was applied to PCR‐positive orange jasmine and HLB‐positive citrus growing in backyards and orchards to assess their inoculum source potentials. Liberibacters were detected in 91 of 786 sampled orange jasmine plants in 10 of 76 sampled locations. PCR‐positive trees exhibited yellow shoots and/or dieback symptoms indistinguishable from those on PCR‐negative trees. ‘Candidatus Liberibacter americanus’ was more common in 2005/2006 (96·6%) and ‘Ca. L. asiaticus’ in 2009 (84·8%). rplJ nucleotide sequences were identical within all populations of either species. Graft transmission succeeded only in homologous host combinations, including ‘Ca. L. americanus’ (2/10) from/to orange jasmine and ‘Ca. L. americanus’ (5/18) and ‘Ca. L. asiaticus’ (5/9) from/to citrus. Symptoms were mild and developed less rapidly in orange jasmine than in citrus, probably as a result of lower liberibacter multiplication rates. Respective titres of ‘Ca. L. americanus’ and ‘Ca. L. asiaticus’ in orange jasmine averaged 4·3 and 3·0 log cells g^?1 tissue, compared with 5·5 and 7·3 in citrus. The results indicate that orange jasmine does not favour liberibacter multiplication as much as citrus. However, its importance in HLB epidemics should not be underestimated as it is a preferred host of D. citri and is not under any strict tree‐eradication programme or measures for insect control.  相似文献   

17种阿维菌素混剂对柑桔红蜘蛛的田间防治效果   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  

林党恩廖世纯  韦桥现 《中国农学通报》2010,26(23):295-298

摘 要：为进一步明确现有阿维菌素与其它杀螨剂的混剂对柑桔红蜘蛛的效果。2009年,在大田中,以喷雾施药法对17种阿维菌素混配剂进行了防治柑桔红蜘蛛的田间试验。结果表明：用药后3d,对柑桔红蜘蛛控制效果≥90%的品种有14种;用药后10d,控制效果≥90%的品种有12种;速效最好的是10%阿维菌素?哒螨灵EW,用药后1d,防治效果达97%以上;持效期最长的是25%阿维菌素?苯丁锡WP,用药后30d,防治效果仍达86%以上。可以认为,阿维菌素与其它杀螨剂合理的混配,将是今后控制柑桔红蜘蛛为害的最为经济有效品种。  相似文献   

基于MaxEnt模型的柑橘木虱在西南地区潜在分布模拟     

王茹琳  王闫利  陈东东  郭翔  李庆  王明田 《植物保护》2021,47(1):84-90

本研究应用生态位软件MaxEnt和地理信息系统软件ArcGIS预测柑橘木虱在西南地区的潜在地理分布范围,筛选影响柑橘木虱分布的关键变量。结果表明柑橘木虱在西南地区高适生区主要位于西藏东南部、四川中东部、重庆大部、贵州大部和云南中北部,总面积为52.03万km 2,占西南地区总面积的23.89%。影响柑橘木虱分布的关键变量为最冷月最低温度、最冷季度平均温度、最湿季度降水量、最暖季度降水量、最暖季度平均温度和最暖月最高温度。本研究不仅模拟了柑橘木虱在西南地区的潜在地理分布,更为该虫的分布与环境变量之间关系的研究提供了理论参考。  相似文献   

Estimating the level of fruit scarring by citrus thrips from temperature conditions prior to the end of bloom     

Heinrich Schweizer  J.G. Morse 《Crop Protection》1997,16(8):743-752

In this study, we develop and validate multiple regression models to estimate the degree of fruit scarring by citrus thrips, Scirtothrips citri (Moulton), from heat and chill degree days. Regression coefficients indicate that cool weather during early March (2 March–16 March) and warm weather during bloom are associated with high levels of thrips scarring. The biological mechanisms leading to the temperature-fruit scarring relationships are unknown. An economic analysis suggests that using model predictions may increase the average financial return per hectare and reduce the number of insecticide treatments applied against citrus thrips.  相似文献   

基于年橘为载体的柑橘木虱优势寄生蜂亮腹釉小蜂规模化生产技术          下载免费PDF全文

黄承志  陈玲玲  修宝林  孙笠维  高晶  王朝红  叶凤娴  MUBASHER Hussain  申宝营  邱栋梁  毛润乾 《中国生物防治学报》2022,38(3):791-796

黄龙病是柑橘生产中最具毁灭性的病害,柑橘木虱Diaphorina citri（Kuwayama）是黄龙病的传播媒介,亮腹釉小蜂Tamarixia radiata（Waterston）是柑橘木虱的优势寄生蜂,在防治柑橘木虱上具有巨大潜力。本文研究了年橘Citrus reticulata Blanco cv.Nianju为载体的亮腹釉小蜂生产的关键技术,建立了年橘-柑橘木虱-寄生蜂的生产体系,实现了规模化生产。明确了年橘新芽繁育的标准化修剪方法,以整体修剪法为最佳,产芽时间为12.6 d,产芽数量为39.6个/株;明确了柑橘木虱若虫繁育中柑橘木虱成虫接种数量,以柑橘木虱：新芽为2：1为最佳;明确了亮腹釉小蜂生产中亮腹釉小蜂接种数量,以亮腹釉小蜂：柑橘木虱为1：10为最佳。按本文生产方法,每笼（5株年橘）可收获亮腹釉小蜂646.67头。  相似文献   

Olfactory response of the ladybird beetle <Emphasis Type="Italic">Stethorus gilvifrons</Emphasis> to two preys and herbivore-induced plant volatiles     

Nimet Sema Gencer  Nabi Alper Kumral  H. Ozkan Sivritepe  Melis Seidi  Hilal Susurluk  Bulent Senturk 《Phytoparasitica》2009,37(3):217-224

The spider mites Tetranychus urticae Koch and Panonychus ulmi (Koch) (Tetranychidae) cause severe economic losses to vegetable farms and deciduous fruit orchards in Turkey. One of their predators, the ladybird beetle Stethorus gilvifrons (Muls.) (Col., Coccinellidae), aggregates on mite-infested patches of plants. The present study assessed whether there is a role for herbivore-induced plant volatiles (HIPVs) and/or odors emitted directly from these two mite species in the aggregative response of ladybird beetles. The olfactory responses of the predator females to volatiles from T. urticae- and/or P. ulmi-infested sweet pepper (four cultivars, viz. ‘Demre’, ‘Yalova Carliston’, ‘Kandil Dolma’ and ‘Yag Biberi’), kidney bean (cv. ‘Barbunya’) and apple (M9 rootstock) were investigated using a two-choice olfactometer. Our results showed that HIPVs emitted from both T. urticae- and P. ulmi-infested plants significantly attracted S. gilvifrons adults for all plants except the sweet pepper cv. Yag Biberi. In addition, it was found that volatiles from apple plants infested by T. urticae and, especially, P. ulmi are more attractive for S. gilvifrons females than those emitted by other infested plants. The results also suggest that the odors of T. urticae adults and their products might influence the attraction of S. gilvifrons females.  相似文献