四川凉山地区奶牛乳房炎主要病原菌分离鉴定及药敏情况分析     

周国燕  陈鲁喜  孙艳  万杰  陈彬  张涛  安拉扎  仇剑宇 《中国乳业》2021,(8):88-95

通过开展凉山地区奶牛乳房炎主要病原菌的分离鉴定和药敏情况试验,为指导凉山地区奶牛场临床合理使用抗生素以及提高抗生素的防治效果提供理论指导。通过采样、增菌培养、细菌鉴定、药敏试验、数据统计分析等方法,结果发现193 份患有乳房炎的乳样中有134 份分离出12 种病原菌,其中65 份检出两种及以上菌,占检出数的48.50%﹔共分离出234 株不重复菌株。分离率居前五位为：葡萄球菌63 株（26.9%）、大肠杆菌56 株（23.8%）、肺炎克雷伯菌42 株（17.9%）、肠球菌24 株（10.3%）、链球菌13 株（5.6%）。对本试验分离到的大肠杆菌、葡萄球菌、肺炎克雷伯菌等12 种菌中的10 种细菌药敏试验结果显示,不论是革兰氏阳性菌还是革兰氏阴性菌对试验选取的17 种常见抗生素均表现不同程度的耐药,有部分菌株还表现严重的多重耐药,有些菌株对部分药物耐药率达100.00%。  相似文献   

牦牛源溶血致病性表皮葡萄球菌的分离鉴定及药敏分析     

钟浪  杨飞  宋诗莹  张振伟  董海龙  吴庆侠 《中国畜牧兽医》2021,48(3):1093-1101

对1株分离自西藏那曲地区养殖场有出血性症状牦牛的致病性菌进行分子鉴定及药敏分析,为西藏地区牦牛出血性疾病提供治疗依据。通过对病死牦牛肺脏、肝脏进行细菌分离纯化获得疑似菌株,对所得疑似菌株进行形态学观察与哥伦比亚血平板试验筛选出疑似致病菌株,再对疑似致病菌株进行生理生化鉴定试验、16S rDNA通用引物检测及测序、同源性比对,后经药敏试验得到该疑似致病菌株的敏感药物,最后通过动物回归试验验证其敏感药物的治疗效果。结果表明,通过对病死牦牛肺脏、肝脏分离纯化获得6株疑似菌株,经形态学观察试验、哥伦比亚血平板试验筛选出1株具有溶血性的革兰氏阳性球菌S-4。经生理生化鉴定试验、16S rDNA测序、同源性比对,鉴定S-4菌株为表皮葡萄球菌;药敏试验结果显示,S-4菌株对恩诺沙星、新霉素、多黏菌素B、卡那霉素、环丙沙星敏感,对氟苯尼考、多西环素中介敏感,对链霉素、红霉素、四环素、青霉素、头孢氨苄耐受;动物回归试验显示,该菌株具有致病性,且恩诺沙星、新霉素、卡那霉素3种药物治疗效果良好,多黏菌素B、环丙沙星治疗效果差。本试验获得1株具有致病性的牦牛源表皮葡萄球菌,该致病菌在养殖过程中可使用恩诺沙星、新霉素、卡那霉素3种药物进行治疗。  相似文献   

睾丸支持细胞的功能、分离纯化及鉴定研究进展     

伊敏娜  才文道力玛  陶力  王希生  神英超  杜明  任宏  芒来  格日乐其木格 《中国畜牧兽医》2021,48(8):2947-2956

支持细胞对维持精子形成过程中的微环境起决定作用,它可以通过分泌功能、细胞间连接形成的血睾屏障功能以及吞噬功能等来促进精子的形成过程,其发育异常会导致不同程度的雄性生殖缺陷。基于支持细胞在雄性动物生殖过程中的作用,体外培养高纯度支持细胞可成为研究睾丸两大核心功能-精子发生和性激素分泌功能相关调节机制重要的细胞模型。此外,体外培养睾丸支持细胞也可作为生殖毒理学等新兴热点领域的细胞模型,为评估和研究环境因素对雄性生殖的影响提供便利。因此,作者系统地归纳、总结了目前关于动物支持细胞生物功能的研究及常用的体外分离纯化、培养及鉴定方法,以期为利用动物支持细胞开展雄性生殖领域的研究提供参考。  相似文献   

牛羊养殖中前胃疾病鉴别诊断方法     

王承超 《畜牧兽医科学(电子版)》2021,(4):76-77

牛羊都是反刍动物,它们拥有4个胃,分别是瘤胃、网胃、瓣胃和真胃。前3个胃统称为前胃,在前胃中有大量的可以分解和消化饲料中粗纤维的细菌,是牛羊以粗饲料作为主要食物的原因之一。很多牛羊非常容易出现前胃疾病,饲养人员要掌握牛羊前胃疾病的预防办法和治疗措施。  相似文献   

Isolation and Identification of BPIV3 Genotype C     

RAN Xu-hua  ZHANG Yao  CAO Si  LU Yuan-he  ZHANG Ling-ling  LIU Yang-yang  NI Hong-bo  ZHU Zhan-bo  WEN Xiao-bo 《中国畜牧兽医》2016,43(5):1368-1373

To identify the infection agents from Ningxia Hui Autonomous region, where feedlot cattle indicated bovine respiratory disease complex (BRDC), the M gene of the bovine parainfluenza virus type 3 was amplified by RT-PCR.The PCR product was ligated to pMD18-T vector and cloned to E.coli DH5α.The positive clones were sequenced and compared with the reference strains in GenBank by the molecular biology software.Sequence alignment results showed that a BPIV3 strain was isolated from the samples and named NX49, the M gene of NX49 included 1 056 nucleotides.Evolutionary analysis showed that the NX49 belonged to BPIV3 C genotype and shared 99.4% nucleotide identity with that of the SD0835 isolated in Shandong province.The characterization of the NX49 demonstrated that it was sensitive to temperature, acid and organic matter.The presence of Mg²⁺ showed no protection against the treatment at high temperature.The HA test suggested that the NX49 enables to agglutinate the guinea pig RBC at 4 ℃ and the titer was 1∶4.The study isolated a BPIV3 genotype C strain successfully, which facilitate the study of molecular evolution and epidemiology of BPIV3 in China.  相似文献   

DNA barcoding for identification of cryptic species in the field and existing museum collections: a case study of Aethomys and Micaelamys (Rodentia: Muridae)     

Metlholo Andries Phukuntsi  Helene Brettschneider  Desiré L Dalton  Teresa Kearney  Jacqueline Badenhorst  Antoinette Kotze 《African Zoology》2016,51(1):69-76

DNA barcoding has been proposed as a method for species identification. However, this method has been criticised for its over-reliance on a single mitochondrial gene. In this study, four mitochondrial gene regions and one nuclear gene region were used to investigate their different abilities to identify tissue associated with museum specimens of Aethomys chrysophilus, Aethomys ineptus and Micaelamys namaquensis. Aethomys chrysophilus and the more recently elevated A. ineptus are indistinguishable on morphological grounds; however, their ranges are largely parapatric with only one syntopic locality currently known. All of the mitochondrial gene regions were able to separate M. namaquensis from A. chrysophilus and A. ineptus, but they varied in their abilities to resolve differences between A. chrysophilus and A. ineptus. The sequence results identified a specimen from KwaZulu-Natal that was misclassified and should have been identified as A. ineptus. Seven specimens that had not been reclassified following the elevation of A. ineptus to species level were identified as A. ineptus. Individuals of A. chrysophilus from Malawi could not be classified as either A. chrysophilus or A. ineptus, and may be a hybrid or a new, distinct species. This study indicates that DNA barcoding may be used to separate M. namaquensis from A. chrysophilus and A. ineptus, and although it was not able to separate A. chrysophilus and A. ineptus, it did indicate specimens from Malawi may be a new cryptic species.  相似文献   

Apparent seroprevalence,isolation and identification of risk factors for brucellosis among dairy cattle in Goa,India     

《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》2016

Brucellosis is a highly contagious zoonotic infection affecting livestock and human beings. The disease has been reported worldwide except in few countries where it has been eradicated. The prevalence of brucellosis among cattle from 11 farms having a history of abortions was studied. A total of 481 samples comprising of blood, milk, vaginal swabs, vaginal discharges, placental tissues and fetal tissues were collected from 296 animals. Clinical samples were processed for the isolation of Brucella. Serum samples (n = 296) were tested by Rose Bengal Plate Test (RBPT) and indirect ELISA. A total of 90 (30.40%) and 123 (41.55%) samples were positive by RBPT and indirect ELISA, respectively. Also 27.02% samples were positive by both the tests. Brucella isolates (n = 8) were recovered from clinical samples using Brucella selective media. All the isolates demonstrated PCR amplification for the bcsp31 and IS711 genes. Amplification of Brucella abortus specific primer was demonstrated by all the isolates in AMOS PCR indicating isolates to be of either B. abortus biotype 1, 2 or 4. Risk factors for transmission of brucellosis among cattle population were studied by field surveys. It was observed that lack of awareness about brucellosis (OR = 8.739, P = 0.138) and inadequate floor space (OR = 0.278, P = 0.128) were crucial risk factors for transmission of bovine brucellosis.  相似文献   

Characterization,phylogenetic analyses and pathogenicity of Bipolaris setariae associated with brown stripe disease on sugarcane in Yunnan,China     

Jie Li  Rongyue Zhang  Yinhu Li  Chaohua Long  Wengfeng Li  Hongli Shan  Wenjie Lu  Yingkun Huang 《Plant pathology》2023,72(1):89-99

Brown stripe disease is a severe foliar fungal disease of sugarcane worldwide and is widespread in all sugarcane planting areas in China. Brown stripe is a major disease that seriously affects the output and quality of the sugarcane industry in Yunnan Province, China's second-largest sugar base, while the pathogen of this disease remains not yet fully understood. To address this, we isolated and identified the fungi associated with 68 leaf samples showing typical symptoms of brown stripe from 22 sugarcane varieties in different areas of Yunnan Province. A total of 113 isolates were obtained, which were morphologically similar. Of these, 64 representative isolates were sequenced for the internal transcribed spacer region (ITS), GAPDH and EF-1α loci. All representative isolates grouped with the type strain of Bipolaris setariae in the phylogenetic trees inferred with individual and concatenated sequences of ITS, GAPDH and EF1-α. Pathogenicity test results showed that B. setariae strains were able to induce typical symptoms of brown stripe. The results obtained in this study clarify that only B. setariae is associated with sugarcane brown stripe in Yunnan, China. It is recorded here for the first time as a pathogen causing sugarcane brown stripe in Yunnan, and it is able to infect many major cultivars and new varieties, posing a new threat to the sugar industry in Yunnan Province. In addition, these results provide the scientific basis for the future breeding of disease-resistant varieties and effective prevention and control of sugarcane brown stripe disease.  相似文献   

内蒙古普通菜豆枯萎病病原菌鉴定     

柴阿丽  杨红敏  李欣  石延霞  谢学文  李磊  范腾飞  李宝聚 《植物病理学报》2023,53(1):133-136

<正>普通菜豆(Common bean),俗称芸豆(Kidney bean),为豆科(Fabaceae)菜豆属一年生草本植物,营养丰富,蛋白质含量高,既是蔬菜又是粮食,是重要的农副产品。内蒙古自治区是我国种植普通菜豆的主要地区之一。随着普通菜豆栽培面积以及连作年限不断增加,病虫害问题日益突出,尤其是枯萎病,严重影响了普通菜豆的产量和品质,已成为限制普通菜豆产业可持续发展的主要因素之一。2021年7月,  相似文献   

安徽药用牡丹炭疽病病原菌鉴定     

杨红梅  孙振鑫  王铁霖  黄璐琦  张茹琴  鄢洪海 《植物病理学报》2023,53(1):137-140

<正>牡丹(Paeonia suffruticosa Andr.)是芍药科植物,为多年生落叶灌木,具有很高的观赏和药用价值。因其风姿华丽、色彩艳丽、品种繁多、深受大家喜爱,是中国传统名花和世界著名花卉之一。其根皮也被称为丹皮,具有抗炎、抑制血小板、止痛、清热等作用,是六味地黄丸等著名中成药的主要配方,也是饮片中的常用品[1-2]。近年来,随着牡丹种植面积的不断扩大,造成牡丹病害的大面积发生,已给牡丹生产带来严重影响。  相似文献