Reuse of domestic wastewater treated in macrophyte ponds to irrigate tomato and eggplant in semi-arid West-Africa: Benefits and risks     

P.B. Irénikatché Akponikpè  Koffi WimaHamma Yacouba  André Mermoud 《Agricultural Water Management》2011,98(5):834-840

The scarcity of freshwater resources is a critical problem in semi-arid zones and marginal quality water is increasingly being used in agriculture. This paper aimed at evaluating the physico-chemical and biological risks on irrigated soils and fruits of macrophyte treated wastewater (TWW), the nutrients supply, and the effect on tomato and eggplant production in semi-arid Burkina Faso. During three years of experiments, treated wastewater was used, with fresh water as control, in combination with or without mineral fertilizer application at recommended rate (140 kg N/ha + 180 kg P₂O₅/ha + 180 kg K₂O/ha). The study revealed that the treated wastewater provided variable nutrients supply depending on year and element. The treated wastewater without mineral fertilizer improved eggplant yield (40% in average) compared to the freshwater. Both crops responded better to mineral fertilizer (52% for tomato and 82% for eggplant) and the effects of the treated wastewater and fertilizer were additive. As the N supply of TWW was very unsteady (8-227% of crop need), and P₂O₅ supply did not satisfy in whole crop need (3-58%) during any of the three years of experiment, we recommended that moderate N and P₂O₅ fertilizers be applied when irrigating with TWW in semi-arid West-Africa. On the contrary, the K₂O supply was more steady and close to crop requirement (78-126%) over the three years of experiment and no addition of K fertilizer may be needed when irrigated with TWW. Faecal coliforms and helminth eggs were observed in treated wastewater and irrigated soils at rate over the FAO and WHO recommended limits for vegetable to be eaten uncooked. Tomato fruits were observed to be faecal coliform contaminated with the direct on-foliage irrigation with treated wastewater. Our results indicate that treated wastewater can effectively be used as both nutrients source and crop water supply in market gardening in the semi-arid Sub-Saharan West Africa (SSWA) where freshwater and farm income are limiting. Yet consumers should properly cook or disinfect treated-wastewater irrigated vegetables before eating, and market gardeners should also be careful manipulating treated wastewater to avoid direct health contamination in this environment.  相似文献   

番茄新品种金冠六号的选育     

杨国栋李海涛  吕书文等 《长江蔬菜》2011,(3):52-53

金冠六号是以06-441为母本,06-504为父本育成的早熟番茄新品种.无限生长型,生育期110天左右,平均单果质量200 g左右,可溶性固形物含量4.5%左右.果实扁圆形,粉红色,酸甜适口,果实硬度高,耐贮运,商品性好.抗病毒病和叶霉病,耐低温弱光能力强,适于保护地栽培.  相似文献   

普通番茄的受精过程及胚胎发育的研究     

申书兴  邹道谦 《河北农业大学学报》1989,12(4):81-87

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新型生物有机肥(NAEF)对番茄生长及土壤活性质量效应研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

夏光利  毕军  张萍  史桂芳  朱国梁 《土壤通报》2007,38(3):519-522

应用盆栽试验研究了新型生物有机肥(NAEF)对番茄生长发育、产量及土壤活性质量等方面的作用效果。结果表明,NAEF能够明显提高番茄幼苗质量和促进后期生长发育,具有显著的增产效果,并能够不同程度的增加土壤中细菌、真菌、放线菌数量,增强脲酶、蔗糖酶、磷酸酶及过氧化氢酶活性。  相似文献   

Effects of fractions of coal-derived humic substances on seed germination and growth of seedlings (Lactuga sativa and Lycopersicum esculentum)     

A. Piccolo  G. Celano  G. Pietramellara 《Biology and Fertility of Soils》1993,16(1):11-15

Summary Lettuce and tomato seeds were treated in Petri dishes with a humic acid derived from an oxidized coal and with fractions of the same humic acid obtained by ultrafiltration through membranes of known molecular cutoff and by extracting with buffers set at pH 4 and pH 5. The unfractionated humic acid was applied at 40, 100, 1000, and 5000 mg l^-1 whereas the humic fractions were applied at 40, 100, and 200 mg l^-1. Germination parameters such as the number of total germinated seeds, the velocity of seed germination, the fresh weight and dry weight of total seedlings were measured and related to the chemical and physicochemical properties of the humic material. No increase in the germination percentage or the germination rate was observed for either lettuce or tomato seeds. The fresh weight of total seedlings and per seedling increased in treatments with unfractionated humic acid with increasing concentrations for both lettuce and tomato plants without showing signs of growth inhibition up to 5000 mg l^-1. This was attributed to cell elongation and more efficient water uptake. For the lettuce, the fresh weight both of total seedlings and per seedling was enhanced by treating the seeds with fractions of low molecular weight and high content of acidic functions, whereas the dry weight both of total seedlings and per seedling did not change with the humic fraction used. For the tomato seeds in contrast, the dry weight both of total seedlings and per seedling was increased by the use of unfractionated humic acid and by some of the humic fractions. An uptake of humic material by growing tomato seedlings was inferred.  相似文献   

土壤紧实度对温室番茄生长发育、产量及品质的影响   总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13  

张国红  张振贤  梁勇  曹之富 《中国生态农业学报》2004,12(3):65-67

试验研究土壤紧实度对日光温室番茄生长发育、产量及品质的影响结果表明 ,随土壤紧实度增大而植株生长发育迟缓 ,产量和品质下降 ,果实风味品质变差。而土壤疏松处理植株生长发育良好 ,座果节位下降 ,水分利用效率提高 ,果实游离氨基酸、可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白质含量增加 ,硝酸盐含量下降 ,果实风味好且产量高 ,经济系数较高。  相似文献   

日光温室番茄病虫害发生特点与生态控制技术研究     

张淑莲  陈志杰  张锋  田全福 《中国生态农业学报》2007,15(2):122-125

研究结果表明,在日光温室生产条件下,番茄病害有35种,害虫16种。主要病虫为灰霉病、叶霉病、早疫病、晚疫病、脐腐病、斑潜蝇和温室白粉虱,田间发生特点为种类多、危害期长、流行速度快、危害重和损失大。并提出以健康栽培、生态调控、棚室O3消毒、套袋保护、防虫网阻隔等措施为主,结合适时适度使用高效低毒化学农药的生态控制技术措施。田间应用实践证明,该方案有效阻止了病虫的扩散流行,成功控制了主要病虫危害,防治效果较为理想,并使产品达到安全优质标准。  相似文献   

Trxf1基因表达载体的构建及在加工番茄中的遗传转化     

马展  莘冰茹  王松  何晓玲  刘慧英 《西北农业学报》2015,24(9):84-90

Trxf1是硫氧还蛋白家族中的一员,是组成硫氧还蛋白系统的重要组成部分,在植物的氧化逆境中发挥作用。为进一步研究该基因功能,通过RT-PCR方法从加工番茄叶片中克隆Trxf1基因的编码区,成功构建植物表达载体pBI121-Trxf1,采用农杆菌介导法转化番茄,经PCR、RT-PCR分析表明,植物表达载体已成功整合到番茄基因组中。实时荧光定量PCR研究表明,加工番茄Trxf1基因在其根、茎、叶、花等器官中均有表达,且在叶片中表达量最高。  相似文献   

PG,ACC,乙烯对番茄果实成熟的影响   总被引：14，自引：0，他引：14  

陆春贵  周立新 《园艺学报》1995,22(1):57-60

番茄果实在成熟过程中硬度下降迅速，ＰＧ活性急剧上升，表现出显著的负相关；用ＡＣＣ和乙烯利处理绿熟期果实，结果乙烯促进了正常番茄和ａｌｃ番茄果实成熟进程，其ＰＧ活性也升高，而外源乙烯和ＡＣＣ不影响ｎｏｒ基因突变体果实的成熟进程。ＡＣＣ和ＰＧ无直接关系。  相似文献   

日光温室番茄对锌的吸收与分配规律     

刘军  高丽红  黄延楠 《中国蔬菜》2005,(Z1):43-45

以中杂9号番茄为试材,研究了秋冬、冬春两个茬口日光温室内不同光温环境下番茄对锌的吸收和分配规律。结果表明:秋冬茬番茄对锌的吸收量仅为冬春茬的76．98％。不同茬口不同生育阶段植株吸收锌的量不同,秋冬茬和冬春茬番茄对全锌的吸收量均呈单峰曲线,生育前期吸收量所占的比例小,果实膨大期和采收初期吸收量所占比例大,冬春茬为63．07％,秋冬茬约为68。36％。  相似文献