浆水芹菜发酵过程中硝酸还原酶活性和亚硝酸盐含量的变化     

何玲  罗佳  郭宁 《西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版)》2007,35(9):184-188

为了给浆水芹菜的安全生产和消费提供理论依据,以芹菜为原料,在不同热烫时间、发酵温度和不同食盐含量条件下进行浆水芹菜发酵,测定了发酵过程中芹菜硝酸还原酶活性、亚硝酸盐含量及发酵汁pH的变化。结果表明,发酵过程中硝酸还原酶活性和亚硝酸盐含量的变化趋势基本一致,即随着发酵时间的延长逐渐增大,到第3天达最大值,然后迅速下降到较低水平;pH为4.5时硝酸还原酶活性与亚硝酸盐含量均达最大值;硝酸还原酶活性和亚硝酸盐含量在热烫3 min、发酵温度25~30℃、食盐含量为40 g/kg时均较低。  相似文献   

硝酸还原酶及其活力调节因子   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

张世英  程炳嵩 《山东农业大学学报(自然科学版)》1987,(3)

硝酸还原酶因其在氮素同化过程中的作用,越来越引起人们的重视。许多生物工作者对此做了大量的工作。本文对硝酸还原酶的性质及其活力调节因子作了概括总结。硝酸还原酶是一种诱导酶,它的活力受内部和外部两方面因子的调节。内部因子包括:(1)机物种类和品种;(2)生育期;(3)植株部位;(4)苗龄和叶龄。外部因子包括:(1)硝态氮浓度;(2)光;(3)水分(4)温度;(5)外源激素;(6)金属离子;(7)pH值;(8)氨态氦和硝态氮;(9)某些代谢中间产物。对硝酸还原酶特性及其活力调节因子的了解,不但有助于培育优良的作物品种,而且可以通过改变外界条件。使作物的氮素代谢向人们所希望的方向发展。  相似文献   

盐胁迫对石榴和樱桃脯氨酸含量和硝酸还原酶活性及电导率的影响   总被引：12，自引：0，他引：12  

张金凤  孙明高  夏阳  李国雷  胡学俭 《山东农业大学学报(自然科学版)》2004,35(2):164-168

本文以石榴和樱桃为试验材料,测定两树种在不同盐浓度胁迫下的3个生理指标的反应。樱桃受低盐胁迫时，能大量迅速合成脯氨酸。低盐胁迫并没有刺激石榴叶片内脯氨酸酸的合成，高盐胁迫刺激了石榴叶片内脯氨酸的合成。石榴和樱桃受盐胁迫时，硝酸还原酶的活性均有显著提高。盐协迫伤害了细胞膜，使膜透性增大，这种盐害反应比较缓慢。  相似文献   

硝酸还原酶合成的NO通过诱导酸敏感水稻根尖ROS积累引起酸毒     

孙黎明  马建锋  沈仁芳 《土壤学报》2023,60(1):201-211

酸毒是酸性土壤中限制作物生长的重要因子之一,但酸毒通常与金属离子毒性共存,难以在土壤中直接研究,目前关于水稻酸毒机制的报道较少。选用前期筛选的酸耐性不同的两个水稻品种Kasalath（酸耐性）和Jinguoyin（酸敏感）,研究水稻的酸敏感性与活性氧（ROS）积累及氧化还原代谢相关酶的关系,并试图探讨酸毒害中一氧化氮（NO）信号与活性氧信号的调控关系。结果显示,低pH引起酸敏感水稻品种Jinguoyin中根尖NO和ROS的富集,但酸耐性水稻品种Kasalath中无显著变化。NO清除剂2-(4-羧基苯基)-4,4,5,5-四甲基咪唑啉-1-氧基-3-氧化物钾盐（cPTIO）可清除Jinguoyin根尖富集的NO和ROS。硝酸还原酶反馈抑制剂谷氨酰胺（Gln）可明显降低Jinguoyin在低pH下的根尖NO信号,而一氧化氮合酶抑制剂N’-硝基-L-精氨酸甲酯盐酸盐（L-NAME）对根尖NO信号无影响。低pH显著提高了Jinguoyin中硝酸还原酶基因NIA1、NIA2和NIA3的表达,同时也提高了硝酸还原酶活性。可见,低pH下Jinguoyin受到的酸毒与NO介导的ROS富集有关,酸毒下产...  相似文献   

Effect of moisture stress on Nitrate Reductase Activity (NRA) in PEA (Pisum sativum L.) [C3] and sorghum (Sorghum vulgare Pers.) [C4] plants     

R. Chandra  G. S. Sirohi  P. Raghuveer 《Journal of plant nutrition》2013,36(7):629-640

Nitrate reductase activity (NRA) was studied in pea, a C₃ plant, and sorghum, a C₄ plant, at various stages of growth and development. Influence of moisture stress and nitrogen application was also observed since these factors have profound influence on growth and development.

In pea, NRA was maximum at pod maturity stage and minimum at flowering stage. In sorghum plant there was gradual increase in NRA upto grain formation followed by a fall in activity at maturity.

Nitrogen treatment as nitrate and ammonia significantly increased nitrate reductase activity over control in both pea and sorghum. Treatment with potassium nitrate was found to stimulate more NRA in pea than with ammonium sulphate. In sorghum, both forms of nitrogen did not differ much in their influence on NRA.

Influence of moisture stress in reducing NRA was more clear in sorghum, a C₄ plant than in pea, a C₃ plant. In general, control plants recorded low NRA in both the crops when compared to nitrogen treated plants except at pod formation stage in pea.  相似文献   

Influence of ferredoxin levels on nitrate reductase activity in iron deficient lemon leaves     

C.F. Alcaraz  F. Martínez‐Sánchez  F. Sevilla  E. Hellln 《Journal of plant nutrition》2013,36(11):1405-1413

The relationship between nitrate reductase activity and ferredoxin levels in lemon tree leaves was studied. The experiments were carried out on leaves from full‐nutrient sufficient trees as the reference, and on leaves from trees with several nutritional stresses, mainly iron chlorosis from trees growing under Fe‐stressed conditions.

Iron deficiency reduced leaf ferredoxin concentration and consequently decreased nitrate reductase activity. Fe(II) infiltration treatments of intact leaves, as well as several incubation assays, permit to deduce the dependence of the enzymatic nitrate reduction of the leaf ferredoxin levels.  相似文献   

Lime,molybdenum, and cultivar effects on molybdenum deficiency of poinsettia     

Douglas A. Cox 《Journal of plant nutrition》2013,36(5):589-603

Poinsettia (Euphorbia pulcherrima Willd. ex Klotz) cultivars ‘Annette Hegg Brilliant Diamond’ (AH), ‘Gutbier V‐14 Glory’ (GG), and ‘Eckespoint C‐1 Red’ (ER) were grown in a peat‐perlite potting medium to study lime and Mo effects on the occurrence of Mo deficiency. Two rates of dolomitic limestone, 0 and 3 kg/m³of growing medium, and weekly applications of micronutrient solutions containing 0.0 or 1.0 ppm Mo were made in factorial combination. Lime, Mo, or both prevented Mo deficiency symptoms in all cultivars. Without both lime and Mo, Mo deficiency symptoms appeared on AH and GG, but not on ER. Lime and/or Mo reduced NO₃‐N content, increased Mo content and increased nitrate reductase enzyme activity (NRA) in the upper recently matured leaves of all cultivars. Lime and Mo interacted to affect these parameters in all cultivars. Comparing the three cultivars without both lime and Mo, NO‐‐N content was lowest and NRA highest in ER. However, the Mo content of ER leaves was equal to or less than that of AG and GG which showed Mo deficiency symptoms.  相似文献   

Fe Deficiency Responses in Parietaria diffusa: A Calcicole Plant     

《Journal of plant nutrition》2013,36(10-11):2057-2068

Abstract

Pellitory of the wall (Parietaria diffusa L.), a dicotyledonous wild plant belonging to the family of Urticaceae, is widespread on calcareous soils, and also on walls and debris, were lime concentration, sometimes, is extremely high; it may then be considered a calcicole plant. Since high pH values and the presence of CaCO₃ and HCO₃ ^? cause low Fe solubility, its availability in such substrates could be the ecological factor limiting the distribution of spontaneous plants in calcareous soils, and a calcareous soil‐born plant should be characterized by a higher Fe‐efficiency in comparison with calcifuge ones. Parietaria diffusa was grown in nutrient solutions in the presence and in the absence of Fe, and in the presence of CaCO₃ and bicarbonate at two concentrations (5 and 15 mM), in order to simulate a natural substrate with different lime contents. Some biochemical parameters were determined and the morphological and hystological modifications of the root system were evaluated in order to verify whether Parietaria is a Fe‐efficient plant and adopts the adaptive mechanisms of Strategy I Fe‐efficient plants.  相似文献   

Enhancement of nitrate uptake and reduction by treatment with mixed amino acids in red pepper (Capsicum annuum L.)     

Xing-Quan Liu  Kwang-Yong Ko  Sung-Hun Kim 《Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B - Plant Soil Science》2013,63(2):167-172

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Physiological responses of tomato roots grown in organ culture to iron-deficiency stress     

Gordon V. Johnson  Arlene M. Rickard  Larry L. Barton 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2013,59(7):1177-1181

Roots of the Fe-efficient tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill., cultivar Floradel) were cultured in an inorganic medium supplemented with glycine, thiamine, pyridoxine, and nicotinic acid, with sucrose as an energy and carbon source. Iron was supplied as ferric hydroxyethylethylenediaminetriacetic acid (FeHEDTA) and the initial PH was 5.5. Root growth was limited when less than 40 μm FeHEDTA was supplied. Roots grown at lower Fe concentrations decreased the pH of the FCR assay medium to a greater extent than did roots grown at higher Fe concentrations. Cultured roots grown with 10 μm FeHEDTA had increased levels of ferric chelate reductase (FCR) activity compared to roots grown with either lower or higher concentrations of FeHEDTA. Low FCR activity of roots grown at 2.5 or 5 μm FeHEDTA was attributed either to impaired metabolism due to Fe-deficiency or the lack of sufficient Fe for enhanced FCR formation. Roots of hydroponically grown tomato plants exhibited typical increases in FCR activity with Fe-deficiency. Based on these preliminary results, cultured roots were found to exhibit similar Physiological responses to Fe-deficiency stress as intact root systems. Cultured roots should provide a useful system for the investigation of the role of the root in plant Fe-deficiency stress responses as previously suggested by Bienfait et al.(Plant Physiol., 83, 244–247, 1987).  相似文献