无土基质栽培生菜应用效果     

程奕  孟兆芳  张玺  李玉华  周艺敏 《天津农业科学》2004,10(1):7-9

利用草炭、醋渣、细砂和蛭石等物料,混合固体无机肥和消毒有机肥,配制成不同配方,进行生菜无土基质栽培试验。结果表明,不同配方的基质材料其理化性状差异明显,对生菜的生长发育、产量和品质具有显著影响。以草炭:醋渣:细砂:蛭石=0.6:1:1:0.6,添加消毒有机肥,定植后追施无机化肥,清水灌溉的栽培模式较好,可推荐用于蔬菜生产。  相似文献   

不同浓度NaHCO3和NaHSO3组合对叶用莴苣产量和生长的影响     

杨月琴  易现峰 《安徽农学通报》2007,13(19):60-61,50

以0.5mmol/L NaHCO3分别和0mmol/L,0.5mmol/L,1.0mmol/L,1.5mmol/L的NaHSO3组合叶面喷施叶菜类植物叶用莴苣.结果表明,0.5mmol/L NaHCO3和0.5mmol/L NaHSO3组合对叶用莴苣有明显的增产作用,增产幅度较对照和单独喷施0.5mmol/L NaHCO3分别上升28.72%和17.70%左右;0.5mmol/L NaHCO3分别和0.5mmol/L,1.0mmol/L NaHSO3组合可明显增加株高和叶片数目,并显著提高植株的生长速率以及干物质的积累量;0.5mmol/LNaHCO3和不同浓度的NaHSO3组合可显著降低叶用莴苣的根冠比,促使干物质向经济器官的转运,提高经济产量.由此可见,将适当浓度的NaHCO3和NaHSO3有效配伍,可以作为一种良好的叶面肥进行尝试.  相似文献   

液培条件下pH和镁锌硼对莴笋的营养效应研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

刘金萍  王正银  青长乐 《西南大学学报(自然科学版)》2001,23(2):181-184

液培试验表明,镁、锌、硼对莴笋生物产量的正效应以Mg(100mg/L-200mg/L),Zn(20mg/L-50mg/L),B(10mg/L-20mg/L)为最显著,增量达30．8％－125．6％。在3个pH中,以pH6生物产量最高;3关於归中硼的增产幅度最大。不同pH条件下莴笋镁、锌、硼含量与施用水平呈显著或极在相关;氮、钾养分含量与生物量变化趋势一致,磷含量变化较小。高产莴笋植株N／P比为8．70－10．05;N／K比为0．66－0．86;K／P比为11．30－14．96。  相似文献   

不同产量水平莴苣养分吸收特征探究     

张晓玲  王正银  唐静  王菲  向华辉  刘辉  董光群 《中国土壤与肥料》2015,(2):89-92

在重庆蔬菜基地选取30个不同肥力水平的试验田,通过莴苣大田试验和室内分析,研究不同产量水平莴苣氮、磷、钾养分吸收特征和养分效率。结果表明:同一产量水平莴苣养分的平均含量和平均吸收量均表现为钾氮磷。不同产量水平的莴苣氮、磷、钾养分含量差异均不明显,受产量影响各养分吸收量差异较大。莴苣氮、磷、钾养分的平均吸收量范围分别为17.9~81.9、2.15~11.3和21.4~129 kg·hm-2,吸收比例范围为1.00∶0.12∶1.20~1.00∶0.14∶1.58。莴苣低产水平氮、磷、钾的吸收变异均较大,其中钾的变异最大(61.50%),氮的吸收最稳定,磷次之,钾的吸收最不稳定。低产水平莴苣氮、磷、钾肥的农学效率均最高。各产量水平中,磷的农学效率最高(49.4~99.2 kg·kg-1),表观利用率最低(6.6%~12.5%)。高、中、低产量水平地力贡献率顺序为82.3%59.7%30.1%。各产量水平氮、磷、钾肥料生理效率无明显规律。  相似文献   

磷对水培生菜生长及矿质元素动态吸收的影响   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

苏苑君  胡笑涛  王文娥  王瑞  张栋  乔源 《中国生态农业学报》2015,23(10):1244-1252

磷是植物所需大量元素之一,对植物的生长有重要影响。传统的土培条件下磷肥难以移动,导致施磷量和植物可利用磷量差别较大;而水培条件下磷肥均匀存在于营养液中,不仅有利于植物吸收利用,也为定量精确地研究磷对植物的影响提供了便利。为探明磷素对生菜生长、品质以及矿质元素吸收的影响,试验设置5个磷水平(Na H2PO4),分别为0.2 mmol·L?1、0.4 mmol·L?1、0.6 mmol·L?1、0.8 mmol·L?1、1.0 mmol·L?1,对不同磷水平下生菜生长、产量、品质及营养液矿质元素动态吸收量进行分析。结果表明当磷水平为0.4 mmol·L?1时生菜的综合品质最好;当磷水平为0.6 mmol·L?1时,生菜产量最大,且全生育期对氮、磷、钾、钙、镁的吸收总量达到最大,为691.26 mg·株?1,对氮、磷、钾、钙、镁的吸收比例为1∶0.20∶1.34∶0.80∶0.24。不同磷素水平下,生菜对氮吸收量差异不大;随磷素水平的提高,生菜对磷的吸收量不断增大,即对磷有奢侈吸收的趋势;对氮和磷的吸收主要集中在定植后的第20~30 d,此阶段平均吸收量分别占全生育期总吸收量的79.86%和59.25%;对钾的吸收量随时间呈不断地加大趋势,在收获前10 d达到最大值,此阶段平均吸收量占全生育期总吸收量的47.68%;对钙、镁的吸收在整个生育期变化不明显,定植后10~30 d对钙的吸收量较大;收获前30 d对镁的吸收量较大。全生育期内,生菜对钾的吸收比例最大,其次是氮、钙;高磷条件下磷的吸收比例大于镁,低磷条件下对镁的需求比例高于磷;生菜对磷的利用效率随磷水平的增加不断减小,较低磷素水平有利于提高矿质元素的利用效率。  相似文献   

莴苣皮中膳食纤维提取工艺的研究     

杜传来  胡艳群 《保鲜与加工》2007,7(6):42-45

以新鲜莴苣皮为原料,采用化学方法制备水溶性膳食纤维（SDF）和水不溶性膳食纤维（IDF）。分析了莴苣皮中的常规营养成分,研究了浸提温度、浸提时间、pH值及浸提水量对SDF产率的影响。结果表明,莴苣皮中的蛋白质、脂肪含量较高。在温度100℃、pH值5.0、用水量25mL/g原料、浸提时间20min条件下,SDF产率高达6.96%;在料液比1∶17,碱液浓度0.50mol/L,温度65℃,浸提时间2.0h条件下,IDF产率高达47.62%。  相似文献   

Resistance of lettuce (Lactuca) to the leaf aphid Nasonovia ribis nigri. 2. Inheritance of the resistance     

A. H. Eenink  F. L. Dieleman  R. Groenwold 《Euphytica》1982,31(2):301-304

Summary The inheritance of resistance to Nasonovia ribis nigri in L. sativa was investigated. Parents and F₁ and F₂ populations from crosses between the susceptible cultivar Ravel and two resistant breeding lines were tested. In both breeding lines one dominant gene appeared responsible for resistance.  相似文献   

Varietal Differences in Allelopathic Potential of Alfalfa   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

Tran Dang Xuan  & E. Tsuzuki 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》2002,188(1):2-7

Alfalfa ( Medicago sativa L.) plants were found to contain water-soluble substances that inhibited the germination and seedling growth of alfalfa ( Chung and Miller 1990, Agron. J. 87, 762—767 ). Tsuzuki et al. (1999, Rep. Kyushu Branch Crop Sci. Soc. Japan 65, 39—40 ) discovered allelochemicals in alfalfa plants that could have adverse effects on the growth of some lowland weeds. This study was conducted to investigate varietal differences in allelopathic potential in alfalfa plants. Eight common varieties of Japanese alfalfa ( Medicago sativa L.), namely Batasu, Hisawakaba, Kitawakaba, Makiwakaba, Natsuwakaba, Lucerne, Tachiwakaba and Yuba, were grown by conventional methods in the Experimental Field of the Crop Science Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Miyazaki University. Aqueous extracts of both fresh and dried material of alfalfa plants of all varieties significantly inhibited both germination and growth of lettuce ( Lactuca sativa L.). Leachates from germinating seeds of almost all alfalfa varieties inhibited elongation of the radicle but produced a negligible increase in germination and only slightly inhibited elongation of the hypocotyl of lettuce plants. Results demonstrated that the degree of inhibition of germination and growth of lettuce varied with the variety of alfalfa. In particular, Lucerne was identified as having the strongest allelopathic potential of the varieties studied. The results suggested that the allelopathic potential of alfalfa might be relating to a gene.  相似文献   

Identification of sources of resistance in lettuce to the lettuce root aphid, Pemphigus bursarius     

P.R. Ellis  S.J. McClement  P.L. Saw  K. Phelps  W.E. Vice  N.B. Kift  D. Astley  D.A.C. Pink 《Euphytica》2002,125(3):305-315

In a series of glasshouse and laboratory experiments, lettuce varieties and wild Lactuca species were screened for resistance to the lettuce root aphid, Pemphigus bursarius (Ron.). Several new sources of resistance to P. bursarius development and survival were identified. Extremely high levels of resistance were found in the wild species L. saligna, L. perennis and L. virosa. Resistance was also identified in the lettuce variety Grand Rapids. This resistance is controlled by one or two genes. At least one of these genes is not allelic to the existing Lra gene. Grand Rapids therefore represents a new source of resistance to P. bursarius. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

Genotype × Environment Interaction for Nitrate Concentration in Lettuce     

K. Reinink 《Plant Breeding》1991,107(1):39-49

High nitrate concentration is a problem when lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) is grown under low light intensities. Genotypes with low nitrate concentrations have been identified and are being used in breeding programmes. Previous results indicated the occurrence of genotype × environment (GE) interactions. Because of the important influence of light intensity on nitrate accumulation, two types of interactions may be expected: interactions related to daily variation, and those related to annual variation. In the present investigation both types were investigated using eight butterhead genotypes of lettuce which were repeatedly harvested. No daily variation in nitrate concentration and no corresponding GE-interactions were found, irrespective of the level of global radiation. In contrast, a large annual variation and important corresponding GE-interactions were found. Joint regression analysis on environmental means and on physical factors related to light intensity showed a differential response of genotypes to changing environmental conditions. Multiple joint regression on daylength and change in daylength accounted for two-thirds of the interaction variance. However, deviations from regression were still significant indicating non-linearity of the relationship, or, the existence of other environmental factors contributing to GE-interaction.  相似文献