Pea extracellular Cu/Zn-superoxide dismutase responsive to signal molecules from a fungal pathogen     

Tomonari Kasai  Tomoko Suzuki  Kozue Ono  Ken'ichi Ogawa  Yoshishige Inagaki  Yuki Ichinose  Kazuhiro Toyoda  Tomonori Shiraishi 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2006,72(5):265-272

We previously reported that the release of O₂ ⁻ from isolated pea cell walls was enhanced by a 70-kDa glycoprotein elicitor but was suppressed by mucin-type glycopeptide suppressors (supprescins A and B) prepared from pycnospore germination fluid of Mycosphaerella pinodes, causal agent of Mycosphaerella blight of pea. Here, we show that superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the apoplast fluid/cell wall of pea seedlings responds to the fungal elicitor and suppressor molecules. In a pharmacological study and with internal amino acid sequencing, the apoplastic SOD in a pea cultivar Midoriusui was found to be a Cu/Zn type SOD. We cloned a full-length cDNA of the Cu/Zn-SOD and designated it as PsCu/Zn-SOD1. An increase in PsCu/Zn-SOD1 mRNA and the PsCu/Zn-SOD1 protein was induced by treatment with the elicitor more intensively than by wounding. Such induction by the elicitor or wounding, however, was inhibited by the concomitant presence of supprescins. The SOD activity of recombinant PsCu/Zn-SOD1 was regulated directly by these signal molecules in a manner similar to their effect on the SOD activity in the apoplastic fluid and in the cell wall-bound proteins. Based on these findings, we discuss a role for PsCu/Zn-SOD1 in the pea defense response. The nucleotide sequence data of PsCu/Zn-SOD1 reported are available in the DDBJ/EMBL/GenBank databases under accession number AB189165.  相似文献   

类黄酮在草甘膦诱导的苦荞膜脂过氧化中的作用   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

董新纯  赵世杰  张元湖  郭珊珊  孟庆伟 《植物保护学报》2006,33(4):412-416

研究了草甘膦对苦荞类黄酮次生代谢的影响及类黄酮与草甘膦作用下膜脂过氧化伤害的关系，以探讨植物类黄酮代谢的意义及在草甘膦伤害中的作用机制。结果表明，分别用浓度为0．1、0．3、1mmoL／L的草甘膦处理苦荞幼苗，苦荞类黄酮代谢受到明显抑制，处理3天时类黄酮含量比对照分别下降58．1％、65．8％和76．5％。草甘膦处理导致苦荞膜脂过氧化加剧，0．1mmoL／L草甘膦处理使苦荞相对电导率增加275．4％、丙二醛（MDA）含量增加134．1％、超氧自由基O2^-产生速率增加121．7％，且随草甘膦浓度升高而增加幅度加大，说明草甘膦伤害与膜脂过氧化程度有关。0．3mmoL／L草甘膦处理后再用0．1mmoL／L类黄酮物质芦丁处理，电解质外渗下降34．2％，MDA含量下降51．1％，O2^-产生下降33．9％，明显减轻了草甘膦的伤害，这说明草甘膦作用下类黄酮含量的下降与草甘膦对苦荞组织伤害有一定的关系。  相似文献   

蜡样芽孢杆菌M22Fe-SOD基因克隆及其分析     

彭旭  王勇军  王爽  付学池  王琦  梅汝鸿 《植物病理学报》2007,37(5):479-486

 通过筛选蜡样芽孢杆菌M 22基因组文库, 得到约3.9 kb的基因组片段。BLAST结果显示:其中包含1条长度为915 bp、编码304个氨基酸的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)基因, 其与Bacillus thuringiensis和Bacillus anthracis中的sodF基因同源性高达95%。此sodF基因能互补恢复大肠杆菌SOD缺陷型菌株QC871在10 μmol/L paraquat中的生长能力。对重组表达蛋白的抑制实验表明, 此SOD基因为Fe-SOD。利用pET-30b (+)构建表达载体pET-sodF并转化到大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)中, 经IPTG诱导后, SOD融合蛋白表达量显著增加。构建自杀载体p299-8, 同源重组突变蜡样芽孢杆菌M22 sodF基因后, 突变体抗氧化能力未显著降低。  相似文献   

Changes in antioxidative system and membrane damage of lettuce in response to salinity and boron toxicity     

F. Eraslan  A. InalO. Savasturk  A. Gunes 《Scientia Horticulturae》2007

Individual and combined effects of salinity and B toxicity on growth, the major antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, SOD; catalase, CAT; ascorbate peroxidase, APX) activities, ascorbic acid, proline, and H₂O₂ accumulation, and stomatal resistance (SR), malondialdehyde (MDA), membrane permeability (MP) and the concentrations of sodium (Na), chloride (Cl) and boron (B) of lettuce were investigated. Boron toxicity and salinity reduced growth of lettuce plants. Under B toxicity, B concentration of the plants was increased, but in the presence of NaCl, the concentration of B was significantly reduced. Sodium and Cl concentrations were increased in B + NaCl and NaCl treatments. Membrane damage was more pronounced in NaCl and B + NaCl treatments. Stomatal resistance of the plants was significantly increased by salinity treatments. The accumulation of proline and ascorbic acid was the highest in the B + NaCl treatment. In general, stress conditions significantly increased H₂O₂ and antioxidant enzyme (SOD, CAT and APX) activities. The present results indicate that stomatal closure is an important response of lettuce against NaCl and B + NaCl stress. Furthermore NaCl and B + NaCl toxicity-induced oxidative stress in lettuce resulting in lipid peroxidation and membrane damage. Increased antioxidant enzyme activities and also accumulation of ascorbic acid and proline are involved in order to overcome B- and NaCl-induced oxidative stress.  相似文献   

VE在硒缺乏动物自由基代谢中的作用   总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4  

张世珍  朱瑗 《中国兽医学报》1998,18(1):15-17

为探讨ＶＥ在硒缺乏动物自由基代谢中的作用及添加ＶＥ对自由基代谢的影响,本试验采用低硒（低于１０－９）、补ＶＥ（１０－４）日粮饲喂小鼠,并对动物增重,血液、肝组织内丙二醛（ＭＤＡ）、硒谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（Ｓｅ－ＧＳＨ－Ｐｘ）及自由基（ＦＲｓ）水平进行了系统检测。试验发现,添加ＶＥ除可阻止缺硒所致的动物生长迟缓外,还可明显降低相关组织内ＭＤＡ的含量,但它并不直接影响Ｓｅ－ＧＳＨ－Ｐｘ的活力。试验结果表明,ＶＥ主要通过对机体脂质过氧化反应的抑制作用及其对自由基所致膜结构损伤的修复而参与机体自由基代谢,在硒缺乏状态下,它能与硒协同作用而影响病程发展和疾病转归。  相似文献   

Effects of 5‐aminolevulinic acid on water uptake,ionic toxicity,and antioxidant capacity of Swiss chard (Beta vulgaris L.) under sodic‐alkaline conditions     

《植物养料与土壤学杂志》2017,180(5):535-543

Sodic‐alkalinity may be more deleterious to plant growth than salinity. The objectives of this study were to determine whether 5‐aminolevulinic acid (ALA: an essential precursor for chlorophyll biosynthesis) foliar application could improve the sodic‐alkaline resistance of Swiss chard (Beta vulgaris L. subsp. cicla ) by regulating water uptake, ionic homeostasis, photosynthetic capacity, and antioxidant metabolism. Eight‐week‐old uniform plants were grown in nutrient medium without and with a sodic‐alkaline regime generated by a mixture of NaHCO₃ and Na₂CO₃ (NaHCO₃ : Na₂CO₃ = 9:1 molar ratio) for 12 d, and leaves were sprayed daily with water or ALA. The Na⁺ and ALA concentrations were gradually increased to 60 mM and 120 μM, respectively. ALA foliar application alleviated the physiological damage from sodic‐alkalinity, as reflected by the increases in plant dry weight, relative growth rate, chlorophyll, Mg²⁺ concentration, and the decrease in Na⁺ concentration. However, ALA foliar application did not change the water uptake capacity or the concentration of K⁺, Fe³⁺, and endogenous ALA in leaf tissues under sodic‐alkaline conditions. ALA foliar application effectively mitigated damage from sodic‐alkalinity because of the increased activity of antioxidant enzymes (catalase and guaiacol peroxidase), particularly superoxide dismutase activity, which was maintained at the same level as for control plants. These results suggest that ALA foliar application alleviated sodic‐alkaline stress mainly owing to its antioxidant capacity, and superoxide dismutase has the main responsibility for reducing oxidative stress in Swiss chard.  相似文献   

DC/DC变换器的神经网络鲁棒控制     

陈维  王耀南 《湖南农业大学学报(自然科学版)》2007,34(7)

针对有非最小相位特性的二阶DC/DC(直流/直流)变换器平均值模型的特性,以Buck-Boost变换器为典型例子,提出了一个非线性反馈做内环控制器,控制其电感电流;用RBF(径向基函数)神经网络作为自适应机构,提出了一个神经网络鲁棒控制器作为电压外环控制器,控制其输出电压.证明了系统跟踪误差和神经网络权值的有界性.仿真结果表明,提出的控制器对于系统参数的不确定性具有很强的鲁棒性,并具有很好的动态性能.  相似文献   

自由基化学改性氧化石墨烯对亚甲基蓝的吸附性能     

孙林燕  杨飞  封敏  王兆慧 《水生态学杂志》2018,39(6):106-113

氧化石墨烯（Graphene Oxide,GO）拥有较大的比表面积和较高的稳定性，可用来吸附水体中的多种污染物，其潜在功能稳定性具有规模化应用前景。考虑到GO在高级氧化体系中结构和形貌会发生改变，探究了经UV/H2O2和UV/过硫酸盐(Persulfate, PS)产生强氧化性自由基的体系处理后所得GOs对亚甲基蓝(Methylene Blue, MB)的吸附性能。氧化性自由基体系光源为300 W中压汞灯，30 mL GO储备液(1 mg/mL)在2种氧化体系下反应1、2、4 h后制得GOs。实验考察了不同反应条件对GOs吸附动力学的影响，傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)研究了GOs氧化前后表面官能团的变化。结果显示，经UV/H2O2, UV/PS氧化1 h后，GOs表面的含氧官能团数量开始明显减少；吸附动力学过程更符合准二级动力学模型（R2>0.999）；吸附热力学过程更符合Langmuir模型，MB饱和吸附量(经UV/H2O2和UV/PS氧化1、2、4 h后分别记G1-1, G1-2, G1-3, G2-1, G2-2, G2-3)依次为580.26, 591.80, 598.63, 521.77, 554.91, 568.00 mg/g。研究表明，GO可以快速吸附较大浓度范围内的MB，且对低浓度染料表现出更好的去除效果；GO对MB的吸附量随着pH值的增加逐渐增大，且在碱性条件下的增加得更明显；经氧化处理后，GOs的吸附性能随着氧化时间的增长，性能减弱，尤其在UV/PS体系中更为显著。  相似文献   

自由基在二恶英毒性机理中的作用及其清除剂的保护效应研究     

敖平星  翁银标  高洪 《中国畜牧兽医》2006,33(12):82-85

本试验使用清洁级SD大鼠54只,雌雄不限,体重250±20 g,随机分成3组:Ⅰ组为正常对照组,腹腔注射等量0.3 m lM DSO;Ⅱ组为二恶英(TCDD)染毒组,染毒剂量为50μg/kg;Ⅲ组为染毒TCDD加自由基清除剂保护组。每组18只,TCDD溶于二甲基亚砜(DM SO)中,质量浓度为25μg/m l。分别在24、48和72 h后,处死动物,制备肝匀浆组织和肝线粒体膜,通过对SD大鼠肝脏中抗氧化酶还原型谷胱苷肽(g lu tath ione,G SH)、总抗氧化能力(tota l an tiox idative capac ity,T-AOC)、还原型谷胱苷肽过氧化物酶(g lu tath ione perox idase,G SH-Px)、超氧化物歧化酶(superox ide d im u tase,SOD)活性及丙二醛(m a lond ia ldehyde,M DA)含量变化和线粒体膜磷脂酶A2(PLA2)活性变化的研究,从自由基角度揭示TCDD的毒性机制及清除剂G的保护效应。TCDD染毒急性清洁级SD大鼠后,诱生过多的自由基,消耗机体内酶性和非酶性的自由基清除剂,引起机体内自由基积累对肝脏造成脂质过氧化作用,膜酶受损,致使整个细胞稳态被扰乱;清除剂G可以通过减少自由基的大量产生而间接抑制PLA2活性的增强,保护膜的结构和功能,具有稳膜效应,减轻TCDD对膜的损伤,并维持磷脂组分的稳定。  相似文献   

失水对青皮种子劣变的影响^*   总被引：5，自引：1，他引：5       下载免费PDF全文

刘文明  宋学之 《林业科学研究》1993,6(2):162-166

  相似文献