Inoculation of growing media with the rhizobacterium Variovorax paradoxus 5C-2 reduces unwanted stress responses in hardy ornamental species     

R.G. Sharp  L. ChenW.J. Davies 《Scientia Horticulturae》2011

Inoculation of growing media with plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) has a number of potential benefits for the production of ornamental plants. Certain rhizobacteria synthesise the enzyme ACC deaminase, which cleaves ACC, the precursor of the plant hormone ethylene. Bacterial metabolism is now known to lead to a reduction in [ACC] in the plant transpiration stream and bacteria are hypothesised to act on ACC exuded from roots. This in turn reduces the ethylene generated in plants growing in growing media inoculated with these bacteria. Here we tested if applications of the ACC deaminase containing rhizobacteria Variovorax paradoxus⁵C–²could be of benefit to ornamental growers by reducing ethylene generation in stressed plants. Ethylene is produced at levels that are inhibitory to growth and development under a number of abiotic stresses. The propagation and production of hardy ornamentals is deleteriously affected by abiotic stresses that involve ethylene signalling, including drought and physical wounding. Inoculation of growing media with V. paradoxus 5C-2 lowered ethylene emission from mature leaves of Cytisus × praecox experiencing drought stress. In addition, bacterial inoculation of the growing media resulted in significantly reduced abscission of the mature leaves under drought treatment. Beneficial effects of inoculation where also found in the wounding response of Fargesia murielae following divisional propagation and late season senescence in Aquilegia × hybrida in response to drought stress. Together these results demonstrate that V. paradoxus⁵C–²has real potential for use on ornamental nurseries in situations where plant stresses are unavoidable.  相似文献   

节瓜ACC 合酶基因CqACS 的克隆与表达分析     

彭　琴　王　敏　彭庆务　江　彪林毓娥  刘文睿梁肇均 《中国蔬菜》1981,1(10):35-41

为分析ACC 合酶与节瓜雌性之间的关系，以雌性自交系（A36）和普通雌雄同株自交系（SX）为材料，克隆得 到节瓜ACC 合酶（CqACS）基因，并与葫芦科中已知的ACC 合酶基因进行同源序列比对分析、构建进化树；对A36 幼苗 叶片进行赤霉素（GA3）处理后用qRT-PCR 对CqACS 基因进行表达分析，并统计赤霉素处理前后20 节内的雌花率。结果 表明，CqACS 基因在雌性自交系A36 中的长度为1 318 bp，普通雌雄同株自交系SX 中长度为1 637 bp。经对比分析，SX 比A36 多了91、97、117 bp 3 个片段，除此之外只有2 个碱基的差别。同源序列比对发现，A36 中的CqACS 基因与西瓜中 的Cit-ACS1 基因同源性最高，为95.31%，与黄瓜中的Cs-ACS1 基因同源性为91.13%；SX 中的CqACS 基因与西瓜中Cit- ACS1 基因同源性为78.04%，与黄瓜中的Cs-ACS1 基因同源性为76.06%。GA3 处理后，A36 的平均雌花节率（20 节位内） 为45%，而对照为90%；qRT-PCR 分析发现，与对照相比，CqACS 基因在GA3 处理后的相对表达量显著上调，且在第3 次 处理后4 h 上调最大。  相似文献   

具有两个叉的三叉戟不可能图形加工的电生理基础：一项ERP的研究     

邬鑫  张猛  李伟  邱江 《西南大学学报(自然科学版)》2011,33(10)

采用事件相关电位技术(ERP),探讨了具有两个叉的三叉戟不可能图形加工的脑内时程动态变化,结果表明:首先在250～310ms事件窗口内,与PC(不可能条件,Possible Condition)相比,IC(可能条件,Impossible Condition)诱发了一个更正的波形(P250～310),对差异波(IC—PC)进行偶极子溯源分析,结果显示,P250～310可能起源于海马旁回.因此,P250～310可能与知觉加工过程中,将物体的各个分散特征,整合成空间上相关的物体表征的过程有关;其次,在400～500ms时间窗口内,IC比PC诱发了一个更负的波形,对差异波(IC—PC)进行偶极子溯源分析,结果显示,N400～500可能起源于扣带前回(anterior cingulate cortex,ACC)和右侧颞叶(temporallobe),因此,N400～500可能与认知冲突(不可能图形中所包含的空间结构与个体三维知识经验相违背)的监测与控制有关;最后,在500～600ms时间窗口内,IC比PC诱发了一个更正的波形(P500～600),此波形可能与工作记忆中对不可能图形的空间结构的推测有关(通过空间结构推理,...  相似文献   

哈密瓜转化植株的获得及移栽研究   总被引：5，自引：1，他引：5  

李晓荣  廖康  王惠  赵长生 《新疆农业大学学报》2003,26(2):29-33

利用农杆菌介导方法^[9]，将ACC脱氨酶基因^[10,12]导入新疆哈密瓜的两个品种：皇后和卡拉克塞(伽师瓜)。以5d的无菌子叶作为外植体，在浓度OD=0．4的菌液中侵染5～8min，共培养2d，经过脱菌、分化、继代及生根培养后，得到完整的抗卡那霉素转化植株。移栽试验表明，炼苗后经过水培的植株其成活率高，且后期生长较迅速。转化植株的生根及生长速度比对照植株慢。  相似文献   

一氧化氮处理对采后番木瓜果实乙烯生物合成的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

郭芹  王吉德  李雪萍  陈维信  吴斌 《广东农业科学》2013,40(3):75-78

为了解一氧化氮(N0)处理对番木瓜果实乙烯生物合成的影响,采用60 μL/L NO熏蒸处理采收成熟度为果皮浅绿并微带黄色痕迹的番木瓜果实3h,然后在20C和相对湿度为85％条件下贮藏20 d.研究NO对番木瓜乙烯、1-氨基环丙烷-1-羧酸(ACC)、丙二酰-1-氨基环丙烷-I-羧酸(MACC)、ACC合成酶(ACS)和ACC氧化酶(ACO)及CpA CS2和CpA C01基因表达的影响.结果表明,NO处理降低了番木瓜果实乙烯释放量、ACO的活性及CpA C0l基因的表达,导致贮藏过程果实ACC和MACC的积累,但对ACS的活性及CpA CS2基因的表达无显著抑制作用.  相似文献   

The effect of 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleoside （AICAR） on fatty acid oxidation in hepatocytes isolated from neonatal p~glets     

Lin Xi  Gary Matsey  Jack Odle 《畜牧与生物技术杂志(英文版)》2013,4(1):75-81

In the present study, the effect of 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleoside (AICAR) on long-chain fatty acid oxidation by hepatocytes isolated from suckled neonatal pig liver (a low ketogenic and lipogenic tissue) was tested. Incubation of hepatocytes with AICAR (0.5 mM) in the presence of 1 mM of carnitine and 10 mM of glucose for 1 hour at 37°C had no significant effect on total [1-14C]-palmitate (0.5 mM) oxidation (14CO2 and 14C-Acid soluble products (ASP)). Consistent with the fatty acid oxidation, carnitine palmitoyltransferase I activity and inhibition of its activity by malonyl-CoA (10 μM) assayed in cell homogenate also remained constant. However, addition of AICAR to the hepatocytes decreased 14CO2 production by 18% compared to control (p < 0.06). The reduction of labeled carboxylic carbon accumulated in CO2 caused a significant difference in distribution of oxidative products between 14CO2 and 14C-ASP (p < 0.03) compared with the control. It was also noticed that acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) was increased by AICAR (p < 0.03), indicating that ACC might drive acetyl-CoA toward fatty acid synthesis pathway and induce an increase in distribution of fatty acid carbon to 14C-ASP. Addition of insulin to hepatocyte incubations with AICAR did not change the oxidative product distribution between CO2 and ASP, but further promoted ACC activity. The increased ACC activity was 70% higher than in the control group when citrate was absent in the reaction medium and was 30% higher when citrate was present in the medium. Our results suggest that AICAR may affect the distribution of metabolic products from fatty acid oxidation by changing ACC activity in hepatocyte isolated from suckled neonatal piglets; however, the basis for the increase in ACC activity elicited by AICAR is not apparent.  相似文献   

SA、MeJA、ACC和苹果轮纹病病原菌诱导湖北海棠MhWRKYl基因的表达   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张计育  佟兆国  高志红  罗昌国  渠慎春  章镇 《中国农业科学》2011,44(5)

【目的】从湖北海棠叶片中克隆MhWRKY1转录因子的全长cDNA序列,分析该基因在各种组织中(叶、茎、根)的表达特性,并分析SA、MeJA、ACC在叶、茎、根中诱导MhWRKY1基因的表达模式以及苹果轮纹病病原菌诱导条件下湖北海棠叶片中该基因的表达特性。【方法】利用电子克隆技术和RT-PCR验证相结合的方法,从SA诱导的湖北海棠全长cDNA文库中,克隆MhWRKY1转录因子的全长序列;利用生物信息学的方法对其进行结构和功能的初步分析;利用实时荧光定量RT-PCR技术分析该基因在不同组织中的表达以及在SA、MeJA、ACC和苹果轮纹病病原菌诱导下的表达特性。【结果】克隆了MhWRKY1基因的全长cDNA序列为1 338 bp,GenBank数据库登录号为FJ598139。生物信息学分析表明,该基因最大开放阅读框为993 bp,编码330个氨基酸。推导的氨基酸序列与杨树WRKY26、杨树WRKY20、大豆WRKY,马铃薯WRKY2、烟草WRKY、拟南芥WRKY7、水稻WRKY53的同源性分别为68%、68%、66%、60%,59%,49%和43%。该转录因子含有1个WRKY结构域,其N端含有1个WRKYGQK结构...  相似文献   

蝴蝶兰ACC合成酶基因片段的克隆及其反义表达载体的构建     

崔波  蒋素华  马杰  张仙云  叶永忠 《安徽农业科学》2009,37(34):16781-16782

［目的］克隆蝴蝶兰ACC合成酶cDNA片段,构建其反义表达载体。［方法］根据已报道的蝴蝶兰ACC合成酶的基因序列,设计并合成了1对引物,通过RTPCR以蝴蝶兰总RNA中扩增出ACC合成酶的cDNA片段,将其连接到MD19T质粒载体上进行测序。用XbaⅠ和SacⅠ对重组质粒和pBI221酶切后连接,构建蝴蝶兰ACC合成酶的反义基因表达载体。［结果］获得了蝴蝶兰ACC合成酶的cDNA片段,测序结果显示,该片段与参考的已报道序列具有98.92%和76.36%的同源性。通过引入XbaⅠ和SacⅠ酶切位点,进行载体构建,构建了蝴蝶兰ACC合成酶的反义基因表达载体。［结论］成功构建了蝴蝶兰ACC合成酶的反义基因植物表达载体,为进一步研究其对蝴蝶兰花期和生长的影响打下了基础。  相似文献   

Internal ethylene concentrations in apple fruit at harvest affect persistence of inhibition of ethylene production after 1-methylcyclopropene treatment     

《Postharvest Biology and Technology》2014

Factors that affect the efficacy of 1-methycyclopropene (1-MCP) treatment of apples [Malus sylvestris (L.) Mill var. domestica (Borkh.) Mansf.] include cultivar and maturity. In this study, ‘McIntosh’, ‘Cortland’ and ‘Empire’ apples were categorized by internal ethylene concentrations (IECs) at harvest, treated with 1 μL L⁻¹ 1-MCP, and the IECs of individual fruit followed at 30 d intervals during air storage at 0.5 °C for 90 d. IECs at harvest ranged from <0.5 μL L⁻¹ to ≥100 μL L⁻¹, 51 < 100 μL L⁻¹, and 10 < 50 μL L⁻¹ for ‘McIntosh’, ‘Cortland’ and ‘Empire’, respectively. 1-MCP treatment resulted in a decrease of IECs in fruit of all cultivars by day 30 after harvest. During subsequent storage IECs remained low in fruit with <1 μL L⁻¹ at harvest, but in ‘McIntosh’, ‘Cortland’ increased in proportion to IECs at harvest, but not in ‘Empire’. The importance of initial IECs in fruit on the persistence of 1-MCP inhibition of ethylene production was confirmed in a further experiment, in which IECs in untreated and 1-MCP treated ‘McIntosh’ and ‘Empire’ apples were measured for up to 194 d. 1-MCP also decreased 1-aminocyclopropene-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) concentrations in fruit. The results of our study are consistent with the hypothesis that IEC modulates the sensitivity of climacteric fruit to 1-MCP.  相似文献   

Regulation of stony hard peach softening with ACC treatment     

Hiroko Hayama  Miho Tatsuki  Hirohito Yoshioka  Yuri Nakamura 《Postharvest Biology and Technology》2008,50(2-3):231-232

Controlling the rate of fruit softening in melting-flesh peaches is a primary goal of the fruit industry. Stony hard (SH) peach varieties lack the ability to synthesize 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC), the precursor of ethylene, which is required for fruit maturation. SH peaches thus have crisp flesh that remains firm during ripening. In this study, we developed a simple technique to stimulate fruit softening by a single spray application of ACC at a concentration of 10–20 mM, which was sufficient to allow ethylene synthesis and fruit softening. Higher concentrations of ACC increased ethylene production, and made the fruit softer. Ethylene synthesis was limited to the first 2–3 d after ACC treatment, after which fruit ceased softening and retained its remaining firmness. These results indicate that a single application of ACC solution can be used to regulate the process of fruit softening in SH peaches.  相似文献