枯草芽孢杆菌菌剂对盐胁迫下冬小麦生长与土壤水氮分布的影响     

杨璐  周蓓蓓  侯亚玲  王全九  陈晓鹏 《排灌机械工程学报》2021,39(5):517-524

为了研究枯草芽孢杆菌菌剂在盐胁迫下对冬小麦生长与土壤水氮分布的影响,以盆栽冬小麦种植为试验手段,在8 g/kg的盐分质量比下,设置枯草芽孢杆菌菌剂质量比为0(CK),1(G1),3(G3),5(G5)和7(G7)g/kg等5种施加梯度处理,分析了冬小麦株高、叶面积、生物量以及土壤水分和硝态氮含量的变化情况.结果表明:(1) 盐碱地中添加枯草芽孢杆菌菌剂可明显促进冬小麦株高叶面积生长,添加该菌菌剂处理的株高增加2.67%~17.20%,叶面积指数增加9.10%~34.80%;(2) 枯草芽孢杆菌菌剂对地下部分生物量的促进作用大于地上部分,处理G1,G3,G5,G7的根冠比与CK相比分别增加了28.53%,39.23%,15.91%,25.66%;(3) 枯草芽孢杆菌菌剂能提高产量,与CK相比,处理G1,G3,G5,G7的冬小麦产量分别增加7.49%,15.35%,8.41%,4.57%;(4) 枯草芽孢杆菌菌剂提高了冬小麦的水分利用效率,施加该菌菌剂的水分利用效率为26.94~31.06 kg/(hm²·mm),与对照相比增幅为9.00%~25.67%;(5) 枯草芽孢杆菌菌剂对土壤剖面固氮保水具有促进作用.添加枯草芽孢杆菌菌剂处理的硝态氮累积量减少了21.70%~30.40%,较处理CK的硝态氮累积量减少量明显降低.加菌剂处理后的土壤水分散失较少.综合各指标分析结果,枯草芽孢杆菌菌剂施用量为3 g/kg时对于盐胁迫环境下冬小麦的种植促进作用最显著.  相似文献   

乳源蜡样芽胞杆菌耐药性、毒力因子检测及分子特征研究     

郭佳  王娉  周继福  赵晓美  刘继锋  陈颖 《中国农业科技导报》2021,23(11):131-138

为了解乳品来源蜡样芽胞杆菌携带的毒力因子、分子特征及耐药性,对2016—2019年分离自乳品的122株蜡样芽胞杆菌,采用纸片扩散法（K-B纸片法）测定了分离株对氯霉素、庆大霉素等9种抗生素的耐药性,使用聚合酶链式反应法检测了菌株携带的毒力因子,同时采用脉冲场凝胶电泳（pulsed field gel electrophoresis,PFGE）检测分离株的分子特征。结果表明,122株蜡样芽胞杆菌均对氯霉素、庆大霉素、阿米卡星敏感;对红霉素、克林霉素和环丙沙星的中介率分别为5.74%、4.92%和0.82%, 9.84%的菌株对复方新诺明具有耐药性,8.20%的菌株对四环素具有耐药性,4.10%的菌株对利福平具有耐药性。122株蜡样芽孢杆菌都检出了蜡样芽孢杆菌的非溶血型肠毒素基因nheA、nheB及肠毒素FM基因entFM;nheC、bceT、cytK、hblA、hblC、hblD、ces和EM1基因的检出率分别为99.18%、37.70%、31.15%、29.51%、24.59%、8.20%、、6.56%和6.56%。122株蜡样芽胞杆菌被分成15簇,未见明显的优势带型。由此可见,2016—2019年收集的蜡样芽胞杆菌乳品分离株携带多种毒力基因,约10%的菌株对复方新诺明、四环素、利福平等具有耐药性,PFGE呈现多种带型,为蜡样芽孢杆菌引起的食源性疾病的预警、预防和治疗提供参考。  相似文献   

Bacillus subtilis CK3 used as an aquatic additive probiotics enhanced the immune response of crayfish Procambarus clarkii against newly identified Aeromonas veronii pathogen     

Hui Yang  Meng Zhang  Tongwei Ji  Yingying Zhang  Wenzhi Wei  Qiuning Liu 《Aquaculture Research》2022,53(1):255-264

To identify the aetiology of the disease outbreak in cultured Procambarus clarkii, a dominant bacteria strain from the diseased crayfish hepatopancreas was isolated. It was identified as Aeromonas veronii based on biochemical identification and 16S rDNA sequencing. The symptoms of artificially infected crayfish were similar to those of naturally infected P. clarkii. The A. veronii was sensitive to norfloxacin, ciprofloxacin, ceftazidime, cefuroxime and ceftriaxone antibiotics, while resistant to penicillin, ampicillin, oxacillin and piperacillin. Virulence genes such as the enterotoxin genes (act, alt and ast) and haemolytic toxin genes (hlyA and aerA) were detected. After A. veronii infection, the connections between some liver tubules disappeared, the vacuoles appeared in the brush border and the mitochondria were enlarged. The antagonistic action of previous identified B. subtilis CK3 against A. veronii was also detected. The supernatant of B. subtilis CK3 exhibits a significant bactericidal effect on A. veronii. After B. subtilis CK3 immersion, the antioxidant enzymes and immune-related enzyme activities in hepatopancreas were significantly higher than control. The accumulative mortality caused by infection of A. veronii can be significantly reduced by adding B. subtilis CK3 into the aquatic water. These results demonstrated that B. subtilis CK3 could act as a water additive to improve the immune response of P. clarkii against newly identified A. veronii. The present study will provide a new way for the prevention and control of crayfish bacterial diseases and also provide technical support for the healthy cultivation of P. clarkii.  相似文献   

陈香茶菌及枯草芽孢杆菌复合发酵豆粕的研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

姚勇芳  赵祥杰  廖延智  陈小凤  李平凡 《动物营养学报》2014,(11):3537-3544

本试验旨在研究陈香茶菌及枯草芽孢杆菌复合发酵生料豆粕。以酸溶性蛋白含量为主要检测指标,研究陈香茶菌及枯草芽孢杆菌不同培养条件对豆粕固态发酵的影响。结果表明:1)陈香茶菌适宜培养条件为,称取0.5 g陈香茶粉接入装有100 m L马铃薯葡萄糖培养基三角瓶中,28℃静置培养24 h。2)豆粕固态发酵最佳工艺为,10%枯草芽孢杆菌发酵液+10%陈香茶菌培养液+10%糖蜜+10%水+55%豆粕,在37℃密闭条件下培养3~6 d。通过陈香茶菌及枯草芽孢杆菌复合发酵,能显著改善生料豆粕营养价值,有一定的应用价值。  相似文献   

芽孢杆菌在水产养殖中的应用进展     

霍芳  宋道祯  汤少伟 《饲料与畜牧》2014,(3):51-53

目前,茅孢杆菌是公认有发展前景的优良菌种之一,在水产养殖中应用,能够促进养殖动物生长、减少病害发生、改善养殖环境。文章综述了目前在水产中常用芽孢杆菌的种类、作用机理及应用效果。  相似文献   

蜡样芽孢杆菌芽孢萌发及其对常规灭菌方法抵抗力的研究简     

陈未  周伟伟  陈飞  徐蓓蓓  王丽芳  吴福平  崔金鑫  袁维峰 《中国畜牧兽医》2014,41(1):192-195

芽孢杆菌属细菌在芽孢状态下,对外界环境及理化因素具有高度抵抗力。适宜的温度、湿度及营养条件能促进芽孢萌发,影响其对常规灭菌方法的抵抗力。本试验选取蜡样芽孢杆菌作为研究对象,在适宜培养条件下使其形成芽孢,通过研究萌发后芽孢对温度、H₂O₂及含氯消毒剂等条件的抵抗力,证实了适当的条件（温度37 ℃、湿度40%、pH 7.4、30 min）能有效促进蜡样芽孢杆菌芽孢萌发,致使芽孢对高温（80 ℃、2 h）、H₂O₂（1.5 mol/L、2 h）及含氯消毒剂（有效氯含量约800 mg/L、2 h）等常规灭菌方法抵抗力明显降低,并能被有效杀灭和灭活,相对有效杀灭率分别达98.4%、98.9%及99.1%,有效杀灭率分别为88.3%、88.7%及88.9%,这对进一步研究芽孢杆菌属细菌的杀菌消毒条件具有重要参考意义。  相似文献   

Enhanced resistance of rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum), against Yersinia ruckeri challenge following oral administration of Bacillus subtilis and B. licheniformis (BioPlus2B)   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Raida MK  Larsen JL  Nielsen ME  Buchmann K 《Journal of fish diseases》2003,26(8):495-498

  相似文献   

Dietary intake of probiotics and maslinic acid in juvenile dentex (Dentex dentex L.): effects on growth performance, survival and liver proteolytic activities     

M.C. HIDALGO  A. SKALLI  E. ABELLÁN  M. ARIZCUN  & G. CARDENETE 《Aquaculture Nutrition》2006,12(4):256-266

Two feeding trials were carried out to evaluate the efficiency of probiotics and maslinic acid, on growth and survival of juvenile dentex; liver proteolytic activities were also investigated in the second trial. For experiment 1, triplicate groups were fed six diets with two probiotics (Bacillus toyoi, T, and B. cereus, E) at increasing levels (0.5, 1 and 2 g kg^?1 diet) and a control diet. Growth and feed conversion were not significantly influenced by the probiotics. The diet T1 produced the lower mortality, whereas diet E1 rendered the higher mortality. It was concluded that no significant effects on growth and survival were found following the addition of two kinds of probiotics to dentex diets. However, the diet E0.5 showed a tendency to ameliorate the growth and feed utilization of the diet. In a second trial, triplicate groups were fed four diets with increasing levels of maslinic acid (0, 20, 40 and 80 mg kg^?1 diet). Growth of fish given diets with the highest level of maslinic acid (D80) was slightly but not significantly lower than those from the other groups. Furthemore, mortality of fish fed diet D40 was the lowest. Changes in liver proteasome and endoprotease activities measured on sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS)/gelatin gels were also detected in a dose‐dependent manner. It was concluded that a dietary maslinic acid at a level of 80 mg kg^?1 diet seems to be too high for juvenile dentex to maintain a maximal growth and survival rate.  相似文献   

山姜对益生芽孢杆菌体外抑菌活性试验研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王正君  张金辉  潘康成 《畜禽业》2007,(5):10-11

为研究中草药山姜粗提液对益生芽孢杆菌体外抑菌效果,特采用试管二倍稀释法和管碟法检测不同浓度的山姜煎煮液和乙醇提取液在体外对蜡样芽孢杆菌PAS38菌株和枯草芽孢杆菌Pab04菌株的最小抑菌浓度(MIC)和抑菌直径,并以肠毒性大肠杆菌(ETEC)、4μg/mL硫酸庆大霉素作阳性对照,生理盐水作阴性对照。结果表明,山姜煎煮液和乙醇提取液对两株益生芽孢杆菌和ETEC无抑菌作用,硫酸庆大霉素对蜡样芽孢杆菌PAS38和枯草芽孢杆菌Pab04菌株MIC均为1.25μg/mL,对ETEC的最低抑菌浓度MIC为0.625μg/mL。山姜煎煮液和乙醇提取液对受试菌株抑菌直径与生理盐水相比差异不显著(P>0.05),硫酸庆大霉素与其相比差异极显著(P<0.01)。山姜粗提液对两株益生芽孢杆菌无明显抑菌作用。  相似文献   

防治十字花科作物根肿病的油菜内生细菌分离与鉴定   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王会军  陈卓君  吴毅歆  何鹏飞  何月秋 《中国油料作物学报》2014,36(1):92

为探寻对十字花科根肿病有生防作用的菌株,本文从油菜根内组织分离内生细菌,通过根肿菌孢子裂解、盆栽防病试验证明其功能,并经形态学、生理生化和16S RNA基因序列鉴定其分类地位。研究结果表明,从油菜品种KT1004和Y05-84-5-1根部分离出51株内生菌,其中YN201305和YN201310对十字花科根肿病菌有明显裂解和抑制作用。盆栽试验表明,应用浓度107 CFU/mL的菌液,在播种时和播种后间隔5d,浇灌1次,共浇灌4次。45d苗龄调查结果,二者对大白菜品种鸿源83的根肿病防治效果分别达65.12%和77.92%。经鉴定,YN201305为短小芽孢杆菌,YN201310为枯草芽孢杆菌。  相似文献