太行山南段峡谷区小叶鹅耳枥群落数量分析   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

聂二保  王煜倩  张金屯 《中国农业大学学报》2009,14(2)

考察了太行山南段峡谷区小叶鹅耳枥群落,沿不同海拔布置样方,结合双向指示种分析(TWINSPAN)和典范对应分析(CCA)方法,分别对乔木层、灌木层进行数量分类和排序,并进行了环境解释。用TWINSPAN等级分类法将乔木层和灌木层各分为9个群丛,较好的反映了群落生境特征。CCA排序结果同TWINSPAN。CCA第一排序轴主要与植物所在环境的坡度相关,第二轴主要与坡向和海拔相关。CCA结果表明,坡度、坡向、海拔对不同功能层的植被类型、结构、分布所起到的作用具有一致性,其中坡度、坡向的影响比较明显,海拔的影响次之。  相似文献   

Forest fragmentation,structure, and age characteristics as a legacy of forest management     

Michael A. Wulder  Joanne C. White  Margaret E. Andrew  Nicole E. Seitz  Nicholas C. Coops 《Forest Ecology and Management》2009

The combination of forest inventory and satellite-derived landscape composition and structure provides otherwise unavailable information on regional forest conditions and enables investigation of the cumulative effects of forest management over time. Forest pattern results from a range of both natural and anthropogenic factors. This study characterizes the forest pattern of Vancouver Island, British Columbia (>32,000 km²) at the watershed scale, using new national datasets of Canadian forest composition and fragmentation, and relating these to forest inventory-derived age structure. Vancouver Island is extensively forested, possessing highly valuable and productive forests, and is managed to meet a range of stakeholder interests. Forest fragmentation metrics were derived from a satellite-derived, 25-m spatial resolution land cover map (i.e., grain) to represent patterns within 1 km analysis units (i.e., extent) for the entire forested area of Canada. We summarized forest fragmentation island-wide and compared trends between forest-dominated (>85% forest) and less-forested (<85% forest) watersheds. We also explored these patterns with partial canonical correspondence analyses to determine the independent and shared relationships of landscape composition, forest fragmentation, and spatial variables with forest age structure.  相似文献   

苦楝表型性状梯度变异的研究   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

程诗明  顾万春 《林业科学》2006,42(5):29-35

将24个苦楝群体729个家系的5个地理气候因子及与其对应的苦楝18个表型性状因子进行典范相关分析,第一典范变量的特征根为0.997 9(0.01水平极显著),占全部特征根的78%;跟进主成分分析将二元坐标降为1维数据轴,即表型性状梯度轴.采用内插法在苦楝自然分布区内按0.2表型性状梯度差值绘出等值线图,揭示出苦楝表型性状东北-西南梯度变异的地理模式.通过通径分析描述各表型性状对表型性状梯度值的直接作用和间接作用,从侧面证实了繁殖器官性状的稳中求变.  相似文献   

思茅松天然林林分直径大小多样性及环境解释     

李超  闾妍宇  胥辉  徐婷婷  张博  魏安超  孙雪莲  熊河先  石晓琳  欧光龙 《东北林业大学学报》2016,(11):24-30

以云南省普洱市45块思茅松天然林样地为研究对象,选用Shannon指数(H)、Simpson指数(D)和断面积Gini系数(G)对思茅松林分总体、思茅松和其他树种的林分直径大小多样性进行量化,并采用CCA直接梯度排序法分析林分直径大小多样性随气候因子、地形因子、土壤因子和林分因子的变化规律。研究表明:(1)样地总体和思茅松的Shannon指数(H)和Simpson指数(D)的变化比较一致,其他树种的Shannon指数(Ho)、Simpson指数(Do)和断面积Gini系数(Go)变动幅度均比其他6个指数大。(2)气候、地形、土壤和林分因子直接排序的第一排序轴分别解释58.6%、92.0%、64.4%和76.4%的信息量,较好地反映了林分直径大小多样性随环境因子的变化规律。(3)从环境因子与排序轴的相关性上看,气候因子中除年降水外的8个降水因子相关性在0.15以上,而温度因子与林分直径大小多样性的相关性不高;地形因子中海拔(Alt)与第一排序轴的相关性最高(-0.467 5);土壤因子中全磷(TP)、全钾(TK)与第一轴排序相关性均高于0.30;林分因子中林分优势高(Ht)与第一排序轴呈现-0.418 0的负相关。(4)当较高气温和中等降水,海拔和坡度中等,全磷(TP)、全氮(TN)、有机质(OM)质量分数和p H值中等时,林分优势高和林分平均高最小;林分密度指数中等时,思茅松天然林具有最大的Ht、Hs、Dt、Ds值,而其他树种的林分直径多样性指数以及3个断面积Gini系数的规律性不强。  相似文献   

太湖滨岸带浮游动物群落结构特征与环境因子的典范对应分析     

温超男  黄蔚  陈开宁  韦众  吴涛 《水生态学杂志》2020,41(2):36-44

探讨浮游动物群落结构与环境因子的关系,为太湖水质监测提供方法,为富营养化治理与水生态修复提供理论支持。2016年8月进行了太湖水质状况及浮游动物群落调查,利用物种多样性指数和物种丰富度指数分析了太湖浮游动物群落结构特征,在此基础上,采用典范对应分析(CCA)探讨太湖浮游动物群落结构特征与环境因子的相互关系。结果表明,太湖不同湖区湖滨带水体水质总体评价为劣V类,总氮、总磷均值分别为(2.06±0.13)mg/L、(0.22±0.02)mg/L,叶绿素a平均含量为(65.35±9.09)mg/L。本次调查共检出浮游动物29种,其中桡足类5种,枝角类8种,轮虫16种;太湖浮游动物密度均值为(100±11)个/L,其中竺山湾浮游动物密度最高,为(273±54)个/L,胥口湾密度最低,仅为(31±6)个/L;太湖浮游动物生物量均值为(4.45±0.99)mg/L,生物量最高的是竺山湾,为(17.70±6.48)mg/L,胥口湾浮游动物生物量最低,为(1.03±0.23)mg/L。相关性分析表明,浮游动物各表征指标均与叶绿素a含量呈现显著正相关性。典范对应分析结果表明,浮游动物分布主要与溶解性总氮、总磷、透明度、溶解氧及pH值显著相关。  相似文献   

建塘江浮游植物群落结构特征及与环境因子的关系   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

倪蒙  原居林  刘梅  顾志敏 《水产科学》2019,(3):333-340

为探明浙江省建塘江水质及浮游植物群落结构特征,2017年5—10月,对建塘江水质现状和浮游植物组成进行逐月采样调查。用水质综合指数法对建塘江污染情况进行评价和分析。建塘江水质评价结果处于重污染到严重污染状态,其中总氮、总磷和高锰酸盐指数为主要的超标因子。浮游植物调查结果显示,本次调查共检出浮游植物6门20科38属48种。其中绿藻门22种,蓝藻门10种,硅藻门10种,裸藻门3种,甲藻门2种,隐藻门1种。建塘江浮游植物丰度为86.00×10~4～635.00×10~4个/L,平均丰度为310.00×10~4个/L;生物量为0.14～2.34 mg/L,平均生物量为0.96 mg/L。丰富度指数为1.02～1.68,属于α-中污;香农维纳多样性指数在各采样断面均处于2.00～3.00,属于β-中污;辛普森多样性指数与香农维纳多样性指数基本一致。相关性分析结果显示,浮游植物丰度与温度正相关,而生物量与氨氮呈现显著负相关关系。典范对应分析显示,温度在第1排序轴和第2排序轴上均有较高的贡献率;蓝藻门与温度和总磷含量正相关,表明蓝藻能够适应较高的水温;绿藻门在各个象限均有分布,第2象限包含绿藻门种类最多,说明绿藻门浮游植物能适应高氮营养盐;硅藻门主要分布在第1、2、4象限,与温度呈负相关,说明高温抑制了硅藻的生长。  相似文献   

Effect of Transgenic Corn Cultivation and Sampling Location on Feeding Habits of Collembola     

Baifeng Wang  Liang Chang  Donghui Wu  Xinyuan Song 《农业科学与技术》2014,(3):235-242

Transgenic corn was modified to combat lepidopteran pests, herbicide and other deteriorate environmental factors. However, fewer studies concerned the effects of transgenic corn cultivation on the soil Collembola in black soil region in China. In Jilin black soil region, a six treatments study including three corn varieties （transgenic corn, control and local variety） and two sampling locations （in rizhosphere and in between plants） were deployed to study the effect of transgenic corn cultivation and sampling location on densities, species richness and community structure of Collembola. We found that root biomass was marginally decreased in transgenic corn and control variety when compared to local variety. Collembola significantly affected by sampling location treatments. Densities and species richness of collembolans significantly decreased in ＂between plants＂ than in ＂rizhosphere＂. Densities of Collembola were impacted by corn varieties. In the whole growing season, densities of Collembola significantly decreased in control than in local variety. Collembolans in transgenic variety only slightly decreased in ＂jointing stage＂ than local variety. Collembolans adversely affected in ＂between plants＂ when compared to ＂in rhizosphere＂ in ＂seeding stage＂ but not other stages. These variations of collembolans were in lines with the trend of corn root biomass. It is indicated that Collembola variations could be caused by food resources （root biomass） but not corn varieties （transgenic, control and local）.  相似文献   

Analysis of nematodes and soil-borne fungi fromAmmophila arenaria (Marram grass) in Dutch coastal foredunes by multivariate techniques   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

P. C. E. M. de Rooij-van der Goes  W. H. van der Putten  C. van Dijk 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》1995,101(2):149-162

A survey was carried out at nine locations in the Dutch coastal foredunes to identify the species of soil borne fungi and nematodes associated withAmmophila arenaria (Marram grass).Ammophila arenaria is a sand binding grass that is very important for the stabilization of coastal foredunes. Degeneration of the plants occurs at stabilized sites and is supposed to be caused by a combination of soil-borne fungi and nematodes. Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) and two-way indicator species analysis (TWINSPAN) were used to examine which fungal and nematode species usually coexist in the rhizosphere of vigorous and early declining stands ofA. arenaria. In total, 47 species of fungi and 10 genera of plant-parasitic nematodes were found. According to CCA, the community of soil organisms of stands that were more than 10 years old was significantly different from recently established stands of 3 years old. Also, the community of soil organisms isolated from calcareous locations differed significantly from that of lime-poor locations. No relationship between the vigour of the plants (vigorous vs. early declining) and the soil borne species composition was found, although in roots of vigorous stands, the number of nematodes was higher than that of early declining stands. A relatively large group of soil organisms occurred generally. This group possibly contains an ubiquitous pathocomplex that cause the growth reducing effects of biotic origin which generally occur inA. arenaria. Analysis of this group of nematodes and fungi by TWINSPAN resulted in 9 different combinations of concurring soil organisms of which 5 combinations were present at all investigated locations. Two of the latter combinations contained both nematodes and fungi. The first contained three endoparasitic nematodes (Meloidogyne maritima, Heterodera spp. andPratylenchus sp.) that concurred with the fungusMucor hiemalis. The second group containedHeterodera spp.,Telotylenchus ventralis, Filenchus sp. together with the potentially plant-pathogenic fungiMicrodochium bolleyi and Fusarium culmorum, as well as the fungiMortierella sp. andTrichoderma harzianum, all in relatively high numbers.It is concluded that both CCA and TWINSPAN are valuable exploratory techniques, especially when used in combination, to detect possible combinations of soil organisms which may be involved in the degeneration ofA. arenaria. Further identifications of harmful organisms should be obtained from experiments.  相似文献   

黄土高原土壤养分空间变异的多尺度分析--以横山县为例   总被引：21，自引：0，他引：21  

刘世梁  郭旭东连纲  傅伯杰王静 《水土保持学报》2005,19(5):105-108

人类干扰所造成的土地利用和植被的镶嵌化分布及地貌特征等影响着土壤养分的空间分异,黄土丘陵沟壑区土壤退化严重,使得土壤特性对其环境因子的变化更加敏感。以横山县为例,从两种尺度上,利用野外调查,实验室分析和典范对应分析(CCA),得到不同尺度下(小流域尺度和县域尺度)土壤理化性质对环境因子的响应。结果表明,坡度是影响土壤养分的重要影响因子,小流域尺度上,坡度和土壤养分、土壤黏粒含量成正相关;县域尺度上,坡度和主要土壤养分等呈负相关。而海拔高度和坡向对土壤养分的影响仅次于坡度,在不同尺度上也有差异。ANOVA分析表明,土壤有机质、总氮、总磷、速效氮和黏粒百分比在两个尺度上的不同土地利用之间差异显著。地形因子和土壤性质的相关分析表明,土壤性质的差异是地形因子和土地利用等外部因子综合作用的结果,而且其作用表现出较大的尺度差异性。  相似文献   

农业综合生产能力的典型相关分析--以江西省为例   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

周波  翁贞林  朱述斌 《江西农业大学学报》2006,28(1):139-143

利用典型相关分析方法,通过构建江西省农业综合生产能力的典型相关模型,定量判别影响因素的变动对农业综合生产能力的作用程度,并对结果进行经济分析。  相似文献