杀菌剂对辣椒疫霉不同形态菌体的毒力差异   总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11  

尹敬芳  曹锦  李健强  刘西莉 《农药学学报》2005,7(3):227-232

室内离体条件下测定了9种杀菌剂对辣椒疫霉各生长阶段的抑制作用。结果表明:烯酰吗啉和氟吗啉对所测定的菌株P1319 4个发育阶段均有显著的抑制作用,EC50值分别为0.14~0.61 μg/mL 和0.18~0.68 μg/mL,EC95值均小于3 μg/mL;甲霜灵对菌丝生长和孢子囊形成有显著的抑制作用,但对休止孢和孢子囊萌发基本无影响;嘧菌酯和百菌清强烈抑制孢子囊形成、休止孢和孢子囊萌发,EC50值分别为0.03~6.15 μg/mL和0.07~1.97 μg/mL;较高浓度的代森锰锌可以抑制辣椒疫霉的孢子囊形成、休止孢萌发和孢子囊直接萌发,但对菌丝生长无抑制作用;三乙膦酸铝、p(ο)-丁酰基苯酚和邻-烯丙基苯酚对P1319的4个发育阶段的抑制作用较弱。  相似文献   

甲霜灵锰锌-煤基酸防治番茄辣椒疫霉病的增效研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张琦  张彩凤  张治家  李颖 《山西农业科学》2005,33(1):53-55

研究结果表明:甲霜灵锰锌—煤基酸防治番茄辣椒疫霉病效果十分显著,优于单独使用甲霜灵锰锌,增效倍数均在1.7倍以上。而且煤基酸有延长药效期的作用,可在较长时间内控制病害的发生发展,并对病菌有较强的抑制作用。  相似文献   

Modeling of the Phytophthora capsici cellulose synthase 3 and its inhibitors activity assay     

Changcai Wu  Jian Zhao  Zhikang Li  Wanli Liu  Xiangdong Mei  Jun Ning  Dongmei She 《Pest management science》2019,75(11):3024-3030

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利用花药培养技术创制加工型辣椒抗疫病新种质     

李怡斐  张世才  蒋晓英  林清  杨小苗  雷开荣  黄启中  黄任中 《分子植物育种》2019,17(12):4030-4035

为培育抗疫病加工型辣椒品种,本研究利用花药培养与分子标记辅助选择(molecular assisted selection,MAS)相结合的方法将抗疫病材料PPTC54和PI201234的抗性基因导入优良自交系939、812、83-3、968和花培双单倍体(doubled haploid, DH) H12-11,进行抗疫病新种质创制的研究。结果表明,在5个加工型辣椒基因型中以(PPTC54×83-3) F1诱导出的胚状体成苗率最高,可达87.1%;流式细胞仪测定36个花培再生株的DNA含量分布,其中单倍体株数占80.6%;经PCR检测,筛选出14个抗疫病DH系,且聚合抗疫病基因的各株系间农艺性状存在差异。本研究说明结合花药培养与MAS可快速创制特异育种新种质,加速育种进程。  相似文献   

辣椒疫病抗性的浸根接种鉴定方法   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

赫卫  张慧 《植物保护》2020,46(6):159-163

为建立规模化的辣椒疫病苗期抗性鉴定技术, 将辣椒疫霉人工接种于抗疫病辣椒品种‘ICPN21-03’和感病辣椒品种‘B16144’, 研究了接种菌液浓度?接种时期?病情调查时期和接种方法等对人工接种鉴定效果的影响?结果表明, 接种菌液游动孢子浓度为10个/mL时, 感病品种病情指数为73.37, 可以满足寄主发病的需要; 1 ~ 10真叶期接种均能使植株发病, 但5 ~ 6真叶期接种能反映抗感病品种真实抗性; 接种5 d调查抗感病品种病情指数分别为9.32和73.37, 可明显区别抗感病品种?使用浸根法进行鉴定, 需菌量小, 对接种环境要求小?用37个辣椒品种进行验证, 鉴定结果表明该苗期抗性鉴定技术可很好地对辣椒品种进行抗性水平分级鉴定?  相似文献   

寡雄腐霉菌剂对辣椒疫病的防治及促生效应   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

殷洁  袁玲 《园艺学报》2017,44(12):2327-2337

利用自主分离的寡雄腐霉生防菌株(Pythium oligandrum CQ2010)制备固体菌剂(P.oligandrum agent,POA),通过培养、拮抗试验和田间试验,研究其对辣椒疫病的防治,以及对辣椒生长发育、产量和品质的影响。结果表明,P.oligandrum CQ2010能大量分泌纤维素酶、蛋白酶、β–1,3–葡聚糖酶和几丁质酶,前三者在固体培养基上的水解圈直径接近或超过菌落直径,POA提取液显著抑制辣椒疫霉菌菌丝生长,抑菌率处于化学药剂精甲霜锰锌和双炔酰菌胺之间。在辣椒田间疫病防治试验中,移栽时将POA基施于辣椒根系周围,显著降低辣椒疫霉病的发病率和病情指数,POA的防效和疗效分别为89.37%和61.19%,防效大于疗效。施用POA之后,辣椒开花期和结果期均比常规施肥提早6?9 d,植株生物量增加32.03%,氮、磷、钾吸收量分别提高35.74%、40.53%和53.23%,果实增产25.21%。此外,POA改善辣椒果实品质,提高可溶性蛋白、游离氨基酸、可溶性糖和维生素C含量,而硝酸盐含量无显著变化。结论:P.oligandrum CQ2010能分泌水解病原真菌细胞壁的酶类,其提取液可以抑制辣椒疫霉生长,田间施用能够降低辣椒疫病的发病率和病情指数,促进植株生长,增加养分吸收,提高产量品质。因此,POA有广阔的运用前景,适合大规模生产运用。  相似文献   

Histology of current shoots of Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica D. don) inoculated withCercospora sequoiae Ellis et Everhart     

Kazuhiro Yoshida 《Journal of Forest Research》1998,3(1):49-53

The histological reaction of current shoots of the Japanese cedar,Cryptomeria japonica, inoculated withCercospora sequoiae was investigated. Wound periderm was formed on current shoots of the cedar on and after the 4th day after inoculation. In the cells of the cork layer, lignin and suberin were deposited, and a phenolic substance was accumulated. In other inoculated samples, plasmolysis, contraction of the cells and necrosis of the tissues were also observed. On the 32nd day, wound perioderm and phellogen were observed in samples of the tissue inside the necrotic tissues in response to hyphal invasion. Occurrence of wound periderm and phellogen in tissues of the needles was confirmed in the inoculated samples although no hyphae were observed in and around the tissues. These results suggest that this fungus causes necrosis of host tissues and induces defense responses. A part of this paper was presented at the 106th Annual Meeting of the Japanese Forestry Society (1995).  相似文献   

In vivo control and in vitro antifungal activity of rhamnolipid B,a glycolipid antibiotic,against Phytophthora capsici and Colletotrichum orbiculare     

Beom Seok Kim  Jung Yeop Lee  Byung Kook Hwang 《Pest management science》2000,56(12):1029-1035

The glycolipid antibiotic rhamnolipid B isolated from Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain B5 was evaluated for in vitro antifungal activity and in vivo control against phytophthora blight and anthracnose under glasshouse conditions. Rhamnolipid B showed antifungal activity against Cercospora kikuchii, Cladosporium cucumerinum, Colletotrichum orbiculare, Cylindrocarpon destructans, Magnaporthe grisea and Phytophthora capsici. Microscopic observation revealed that the high level of antifungal activity (10 µg ml ⁻¹) against P capsici was mainly due to a lytic effect on zoospores. Zoospore lysis began in the presence of 10 µg ml ⁻¹ of rhamnolipid B and most of the zoospores were collapsed at 25 µg ml ⁻¹. Rhamnolipid B showed inhibitory activity against the germination of zoospores and hyphal growth of P capsici at concentrations of 50 µg ml ⁻¹. Spore germination of the anthracnose plant pathogen C orbiculare was also inhibited in the presence of 50 µg ml ⁻¹ of rhamnolipid B, although hyphal growth was not affected at this concentration. In the glasshouse, the efficacy of rhamnolipid B against phytophthora blight was similar to that of metalaxyl on pepper plants when treated just before inoculation with P capsici. Treatment with either at 500 µg ml ⁻¹ completely protected pepper plants from phytophthora blight. Rhamnolipid B also suppressed the development of C orbiculare infection on leaves of cucumber plants. © 2000 Society of Chemical Industry  相似文献   

营养成分对辣椒炭疽病菌生物学特性的影响     

谷春艳  林琳  胡飞  张勇  高同春 《安徽农业科学》2012,40(20):10443-10445

[目的]探讨营养成分对辣椒炭疽菌生物学特性的影响。[方法]对从辣椒炭疽病发病病株上获得的2种炭疽病菌株进行了分离和鉴定,并采用十字交叉法和血球计数板法研究了营养成分(碳源、氮源)对辣椒炭疽菌生物学特性(菌丝生长、产孢量及菌丝干重)的影响。[结果]黑点炭疽菌菌丝生长和产孢的最适碳源分别为麦芽糖和淀粉;红色炭疽菌菌丝生长的最适碳源为果糖和葡萄糖,产孢的最适碳源为山梨糖。2种辣椒炭疽菌菌丝生长的最适氮源为牛肉膏和蛋白胨,产孢的最适氮源为酵母。[结论]为有效防治辣椒炭疽病提供了理论依据。  相似文献   

辣椒疫病抗性位点的分子定位     

刘艳  王述彬  刁卫平  郭广君  刘金兵  潘宝贵 《江苏农业学报》2014,(6)

为鉴定辣椒疫病抗性性状位点(QTL),开发抗病基因相关分子标记,实现辣椒抗疫病分子标记辅助选择育种,本研究以辣椒高抗疫病材料PI201234和高感疫病材料G29为亲本构建的F2群体为试验材料,采用游动孢子灌根法对6~8叶期的F2群体单株进行疫病抗性接种鉴定,同时利用EST-SSR标记对F2群体进行基因型分析。结果显示,构建了包含65个EST-SSR标记、总长度为418.6 c M的辣椒遗传连锁图谱;结合F2群体的疫病抗性鉴定结果,定位了位于N3连锁群EST451与EST191之间的抗病QTL,该QTL可解释表型变异率为14.9%。  相似文献