广西香蕉煤污病病原菌的分离鉴定及其生物学特性     

杨迪  杜婵娟  叶云峰  张晋  潘连富  张欣  付岗 《植物病理学报》2021,51(4):507-514

香蕉是我国南方的重要特色作物,香蕉煤污病的发生降低了果实品质,严重影响其市场价值,给蕉农造成经济损失.为明确广西香蕉上新发生煤污病的病原及其生物学特性,采用单孢分离法获得病原菌株BFMY-2,并依据柯赫氏法则验证其为广西香蕉煤污病的病原菌.通过rDNA-ITS和SSU序列分析并结合形态学鉴定,将病原菌鉴定为枝状枝孢霉(...  相似文献   

桑里白粉病菌重寄生真菌的分离与鉴定          下载免费PDF全文

韩宁宁  王正贤  黄奕蔓  廖咏梅 《中国生物防治学报》2021,37(2):297-303

为了解桑里白粉病菌的重寄生真菌种类,通过分离和寄生性验证,获得2个桑里白粉病菌重寄生真菌菌株HP8和HP9,这两个菌株寄生闭囊壳后,子囊及子囊孢子溃解.菌株HP8菌落绿色,菌丝体无色至褐色,菌丝有隔膜,分生孢子梗结节状膨大,分生孢子椭圆形、单胞、褐色或无色,ITS序列(MT463536)与尖孢枝孢Cladosporiu...  相似文献   

Identification of Pathogens of a New Cotton Boll Disease in Xinjiang Cotton Field     

Jiao Ruilian  Ren Yuzhong  Li Guoying  Zhang Li  Zhang Guoli 《棉花学报》2019,31(6):474-481

[Objective] Since 2015, there has been a new cotton boll disease in Xinjiang cotton fields which was obviously different from the common boll rot, leading to stiffness and cracking boll. Olive-black mildew layer was observed on the surface of diseased bolls under wet conditions. It is of great significance to clarify the types of pathogens for the prevention of the disease. [Method] From 20 cotton planting locations of Xinjiang, 38 samples of stiffness and cracking boll disease were collected, and the pathogens were isolated and purified by conventional dilution separation and single-spore separation. And 20 representative strains were selected according to sampling location, cotton varieties and colony characteristics. The selected strains were identified by morphological observation and sequence analysis of rDNA internal transcribed spacer (rDNA-ITS), actin (ACT) and translation elongation factor 1-α (TEF1-α) gene. According to Koch’s law, the spore suspensions of three representative strains C2, C13 and C7 were inoculated to observe and record the incidence of the disease, and the diseased bolls were used for re-separation to observe the similarities and differences between the re-isolated strains and the inoculated strains. [Result] The result shows that these isolates belong to the Cladosporium, and according to its morphological characteristics and molecular biology analysis, 13 of the 20 strains belong to C. cladosporioides, 4 strains belong to C. velox, 3 strains belong to C. limoniforme. The symptoms of three representative strains C2, C13 and C7 were similar to those in the field when inoculated with injuries, and the disease spread was slower when inoculated without injuries. The inoculated strains can be separated from the lesions. [Conclusion] The new cotton boll disease causing stiffness and cracking in Xinjiang cotton fields is caused by three species of Cladosporium, C. cladosporioides, C. velox and C. limoniforme, with C. cladosporioides as the dominant species.  相似文献   

大熊猫源枝孢样枝孢霉侵染小鼠皮肤的病理学过程     

刘真  刘璐  马晓平  姜尧章  王承东  古玉 《湖南农业大学学报(自然科学版)》2020,46(3):350-357

将180只ICR小鼠随机分为试验组和对照组,每组90只。在试验组小鼠两腹侧壁对称取2个点皮下注射大熊猫源枝孢样枝孢霉菌悬液(1×10~6 cfu/mL),接种12 h后(第1天),观察小鼠体况、接种部位表现,最后处死小鼠并取其接种部位的皮肤组织进行组织病理学检查和逆培养,用Image–Pro Plus 6.0统计病理切片中单位面积内免疫细胞数、孢子数和菌丝数,之后每隔24 h按上述步骤同样处理和观察。结果表明:接种后第1～8天小鼠体表特征变化不明显,小鼠机体免疫细胞由大量聚集到逐步减少,孢子与菌丝数由多到少又逐渐增加,处于萌发生长阶段;接种后第9～10天,接种部位出现小红斑,皮肤出现结节状损伤,各器官之间未粘连,其余症状不明显,免疫细胞持续增多;接种后第11～25天,接种部位红斑面积增大,损伤加大,颜色变深,有增生物,小鼠出现瘙痒症状,饮食明显减少,免疫细胞持续增多后逐步减少,孢子与菌丝数减少后急剧增加,再减少后又急剧增加,在第17、25天出现2次高峰;接种后第26天后小鼠饮食持续减少,接种部位出现局部坏死、黏膜粘连等症状,孢子和菌丝数逐渐减少至无。可见,枝孢样枝孢霉感染小鼠后第1～8天为潜伏期;第9～10天为前驱期,第11～25天为发病期,第26天后为转归期。  相似文献   

枝孢属的一个国内新记录     

鲁海菊  刘卫  张宏  张中义 《广西农业生物科学》2006,25(4):305-307

报道枝孢属一新记录种:马缨丹枝孢C lad osporium lantanae。其形态特点是:分生孢子梗直立,稍弯曲,淡褐色;枝孢顶具2~3个孢痕,淡褐色,无隔膜。分生孢子顶生或侧生,形成短孢子链,椭圆形,0~1个隔膜,大多数无隔膜,基部有孢痕,淡褐色,平滑。另报道6种枝孢的8种国内新寄主植物、2个已知种的地理新分布和4个已知种。研究标本存云南农业大学真菌标本室(MHYAU)。  相似文献   

21种植物提取物对番茄早疫病菌等3种病原菌抑菌活性的初步研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

丘麒  罗建军  郝卫宁  曾勇  钟国华 《安徽农业科学》2008,36(17):7306-7307

[目的]为进一步开发植物源杀菌剂提供理论参考。[方法]采用菌丝生长速率法测定并分析油茶籽等21种植物甲醇提取物对番茄早疫病菌、番茄芽枝病菌、甘蔗凤梨病菌的抑菌活性。[结果]结果表明,浓度为10mg干粉/mL溶剂时,对番茄早疫病菌抑菌活性较强的有油茶、水茄等的提取物,抑菌率分别为76.67%、78.08%;对番茄芽枝病菌抑菌活性较强的有香茅、深山含笑等的提取物,抑菌率分别为100%、69.20%;对甘蔗凤梨病菌抑菌活性较强的有油茶、甘草等的提取物,抑菌率分别为100%、74.02%。[结论]油茶和甘草的甲醇浸提物对供试的3种病原菌具有较强的抑菌活性。  相似文献   

大蒜提取物防治黄瓜黑星病的初步研究   总被引：11，自引：2，他引：11       下载免费PDF全文

王云帆  王刚  杨生玉 《西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版)》2005,33(10):7-10

测定了大蒜提取物对黄瓜黑星病菌(C lad osp orium cucum erinum)的抑制作用和对苗期黄瓜黑星病的防治效果,并对黑星病菌在经大蒜提取物处理后的黄瓜叶片上的侵染过程进行了组织病理学观察。结果表明,0.3 g/mL的大蒜提取物可以完全抑制病菌菌丝生长和分生孢子萌发,该浓度大蒜提取物能有效预防病菌的侵染,作用效果优于多菌灵,但其治疗作用较差。组织病理学研究表明,大蒜提取物可以有效阻止病菌在叶片上的萌发和附着孢的形成,从而阻断病菌的侵入过程。  相似文献   

杂多酸稀土盐对黄瓜和番茄上2种病原真菌抑制作用的研究     

于晓斌  刘景华  康立娟  曲明清 《吉林农业大学学报》2004,26(4):383-385

试验研究了5种2：18系列的钼磷酸稀土盐对黄瓜和番茄上2种病原真菌的抑制作用。结果表明：钼磷酸稀土盐对供试的黄瓜黑星病菌(Cladosporium cucumerimun)均有一定程度的抑制作用,抑制强度因杂多酸稀土盐的不同结构以及黄瓜黑星病菌(Cladosporium cucumerinum)的生理生化的特性不同而有较大的差异。其中铈钼磷酸和镨钼磷酸稀土盐对真菌抑制效果显著,钕钼磷酸对真菌抑制作用也较明显。对保护地番茄的叶霉病(Cladosporium fulvum)喷洒试验表明：杂多酸稀土盐对该茵有抑制作用,且效果明显。  相似文献   

中国枝孢属研究(Ⅺ)     

何永宏  张陶 《云南农业大学学报(自然科学版)》1998,13(3):273-276

 报道枝孢属Cladosporium 4个国内新记录种:褐色枝孢C.brunneum Corda,多主枝孢柳生变种C.herbarum(Pers.) Linkvar.saxicolum Saccardo,细枝孢C.subtileRabenhorst和豇豆枝孢C.VignaeM.W.Gardner,附有形态特征及显微结构图,研究标本收藏于云南农业大学植物病理真菌标本室(MHYAU)。  相似文献   

Untapped Potential of Marine-Associated Cladosporium Species: An Overview on Secondary Metabolites,Biotechnological Relevance,and Biological Activities     

Gamal A. Mohamed  Sabrin R. M. Ibrahim 《Marine drugs》2021,19(11)

The marine environment is an underexplored treasure that hosts huge biodiversity of microorganisms. Marine-derived fungi are a rich source of novel metabolites with unique structural features, bioactivities, and biotechnological applications. Marine-associated Cladosporium species have attracted considerable interest because of their ability to produce a wide array of metabolites, including alkaloids, macrolides, diketopiperazines, pyrones, tetralones, sterols, phenolics, terpenes, lactones, and tetramic acid derivatives that possess versatile bioactivities. Moreover, they produce diverse enzymes with biotechnological and industrial relevance. This review gives an overview on the Cladosporium species derived from marine habitats, including their metabolites and bioactivities, as well as the industrial and biotechnological potential of these species. In the current review, 286 compounds have been listed based on the reported data from 1998 until July 2021. Moreover, more than 175 references have been cited.  相似文献