香蕉枯萎病菌生理分化研究   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

叶明珍  张绍升 《植物检疫》2006,20(2):76-79

本研究对香蕉枯萎病菌菌株FOCAAA9（来自香蕉）和FOCABB1（来自粉蕉）进行培养试验和接种试验；在含粉蕉和香蕉组织漫提液的培养基上2个菌株的培养性状、菌丝生长速度、孢子形态、大小型孢子比率和产孢量显示出差异；接种结果FOCAAA9能侵染香蕉（Musa AAA）品种巴西蕉、红香蕉和台蕉引起枯萎病，而FOCABB1对3个香蕉品种无致病性。研究结果表明侵染香蕉和粉蕉的古巴尖镰孢[Fusarium oxysporum f．sp．cubeilse（E．F．Smith）Snyder]存在生理分化现象。  相似文献   

苯并噻唑衍生物亚磷酸盐对禾谷镰刀菌的作用机理初探     

刁春玲  张国平  徐广芳  刘芳  薛伟  杨松  胡德禹  宋宝安 《农药学学报》2006,8(3):233-238

为了寻找具有更高杀菌活性的化合物,将苯并噻唑衍生物与亚磷酸反应,得到了4个苯并噻唑衍生物的亚磷酸盐,其结构均经IR、NMR及元素分析确证。采用菌丝生长速率法测定了4个亚磷酸盐对禾谷镰刀菌Fusarium graminearum的离体抑菌作用,观察了药剂对菌丝形态的影响,并初步研究了其作用机制。结果表明,4个亚磷酸盐对禾谷镰刀菌均有较好的抑制效果,其抑制中浓度(EC50)在15.236.1μg/mL之间。以100μg/mL的2-氨基-6-甲氧基苯并噻唑亚磷酸盐(D)处理3d后,菌丝表现畸形、膨肿,8d后出现干瘪、塌陷,外壁模糊、粗糙;分别以300μg/mL的4个亚磷酸盐处理后12h内,菌体内还原糖含量明显降低,几丁质酶活性显著升高,可溶性蛋白和N-乙酰葡萄糖胺含量短期内略有上升随后下降。  相似文献   

侧孢芽孢杆菌产生的抑真菌蛋白酶   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

张楹 《中国生物防治》2006,22(2):146-149

侧孢芽孢杆菌YMF3.00003菌株对尖孢镰刀菌和立枯丝核菌的菌丝生长具有很强的抑制作用,其发酵液和纯酶液对该两种菌的抑制率分别为64.7%、50.3%和98.2%、83.4%.该抑菌物质为一种胞外蛋白酶,通过SDS-PAGE确定,其分子量约30kD;酶活性最高的条件为pH10,温度为50℃,缓冲液为1Ommol/L CaCl2.  相似文献   

甘肃省临夏州小麦脚腐病病原鉴定   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

何苏琴  金秀琳  鲁振超 《植物保护》2006,32(3):35-38

对甘肃省临夏州小麦脚腐病病原进行了分离鉴定,从3块病田的37株罹病小麦上分离得到56个真菌菌株,分别被鉴定为雪腐镰刀菌[Fusarium nivale(Fr.)Ces.]、燕麦镰刀菌[Fusarium avenaceum(Corda et Fr.)Sacc.]、麦斑点附球霉[Epicoccum triticiP.Henn.]、小壳色单隔孢菌[Diplodiellasp.]、交链孢菌[Alternariaspp.]、芽枝霉[Cladosporiumsp.]、黑孢霉[Nigrosporasp.]。其中,雪腐镰刀菌致病性最强,燕麦镰刀菌致病性中强,麦斑点附球霉致病性弱,其余菌不致病。  相似文献   

Pathogenic, Genetic and Molecular Characterisation of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lilii     

R.P. Baayen  M.G. Förch  C. Waalwijk  P.J.M. Bonants  H.J.M. Löffler  E.J.A. Roebroeck 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》1998,104(9):887-894

Isolates of Fusarium oxysporum from lily were screened for pathogenicity, vegetative compatibility and DNA restriction fragment length polymorphisms, and compared to reference isolates of F. oxysporum f.sp. gladioli and F. oxysporum f.sp. tulipae to justify the distinction of F. oxysporum f.sp. lilii. Twenty-four isolates from different locations in The Netherlands (18 isolates), Italy (4 isolates), Poland and the United States (1 isolate each) shared unique RFLP patterns with probes D4 and pFOM7, while hybridization did not occur with a third probe (F9). Except for a self-incompatible isolate, these 24 isolates all belonged to a single vegetative compatibility group (VCG 0190). Isolates belonging to VCG 0190 were highly pathogenic to lily, but not to gladiolus or tulip, except for a single nonpathogenic isolate. Six saprophytic isolates of F. oxysporum from lily were nonpathogenic or only slightly aggressive to lily, gladiolus and tulip, belonged to unique VCGs and had distinct RFLP patterns. Three pathogenic isolates previously considered to belong to F. oxysporum f.sp. lilii were identified as F. proliferatum var. minus; all three belonged to the same VCG and shared unique RFLP patterns. These three isolates were moderately pathogenic to lily and nonpathogenic to gladiolus and tulip. The reference isolates of F. oxysporum f.sp. tulipae were pathogenic to tulip, but not to lily and gladiolus; they shared a distinct RFLP pattern, different from those encountered among pathogenic and saprophytic isolates from lily, and formed a separate new VCG (VCG 0230). Reference isolates of F. oxysporum f.sp. gladioli belonging to VCG 0340 proved pathogenic to both gladiolus and lily, but not to tulip. These isolates, as well as isolates belonging to VCGs 0341, 0342 and 0343 of F. oxysporum f.sp. gladioli, had RFLP patterns different from those encountered among the isolates from lily or tulip. These findings identify F. oxysporum f.sp. lilii as a single clonal lineage, distinct from F. oxysporum f.sp. gladioli and f.sp. tulipae.  相似文献   

Host genotype- and temperature-dependent colonizationof In vitro carnation callus cultures byFusarium oxysporum f.sp.dianthi race 2     

A. Scala  S. Tegli  V. Goggioli  C. Lagazio 《Phytoparasitica》1998,26(3):213-222

Differentin vivo resistance/susceptibility levels of 14 carnation cultivars toFusarium oxysporum f.sp.dianthi race 2, the causal agent of Fusarium wilt disease of carnation, were also expressed in anin vitro system and assayed as the degree of fungal colonization of callus cultures at 20° C. Temperature influenced thein vitro expression of carnation resistance. An incubation temperature of 27° C increased the colonization of calli derived from both the susceptible (‘Corrida’ and ‘Ambra’) and the resistant (‘Pulcino’ and ‘Pallas’) cultivars. At 15°C, the colonization of calli derived from Pulcino and Pallas diminished significantly more than for Ambra and Corrida. Inhibition of fungal growth on resistant calli was correlated to retardation in hyphal development. Both scanning electron microscopy and light microscopy observations showed that hyphae did not penetrate into carnation cells.  相似文献   

小麦白粉病菌生理小种的鉴定与病菌毒性的监测   总被引：34，自引：1，他引：33  

段霞瑜  盛宝钦  周益林  向齐君 《植物保护学报》1998,25(1):31-36

１９９１～１９９４年小麦白粉病菌生理小种鉴定的结果表明,１１,１５号小种这几年的优势小种,３１５号小种有上升的趋势,用毒性频率分析的方法对所获数据进行分析表明,Ｖ１,Ｖ３,Ｖ５及Ｖ８等毒性的当前白粉菌群体中已基本固定（毒性频率接近１００％）,小麦白粉菌对Ｐｍ４ａ的毒性频率呈较快的上升趋势,说明Ｐｍ４ａ基因的使用应该审慎,白粉菌对Ｐｍ２１为目前最有效的抗白粉病基因,对北京,西南及江浙三地区小区白粉菌  相似文献   

培养条件对西瓜枯萎病菌镰刀菌酸产生的影响   总被引：10，自引：1，他引：10  

马国斌  林德佩 《植物病理学报》1996,26(2):187-191

 尖孢镰刀菌西瓜专化型[Fusarium oxysporum Sch l.f.sp.niveum(E.F.Smith) Snyder et Hansen]菌株在4种培养基(理查德培养基,Armstrong镰刀菌培养基,MS无机盐+蔗糖培养基,PDB培养液)中均能产生镰刀菌酸(Fusaric acid),理查德培养基中镰刀菌酸最高时的浓度是其它3种培养基的6~22倍。理查德培养基以C/N为5:1,葡萄糖为C源,NO-3为N源的营养条件较有利于镰刀菌酸产生。培养基初始pH值为4,通气和连续光照的培养条件最有利于菌株产生镰刀菌酸,烟酸的加入可终止镰刀菌酸产生。各培养基中孢子浓度与镰刀菌酸浓度之间呈负相关的变化趋势,培养基的pH值呈趋中(pH6~8)变化,与镰刀菌酸产生无相关性。在理查德培养基中,菌丝生长与镰刀菌酸产生之间存在平行关系。  相似文献   

RAPD技术和聚类分析在小麦条锈病菌生理小种研究中的应用   总被引：12，自引：0，他引：12  

朴春根  唐文华 《植物病理学报》1996,26(3):205-210

 试用45个随机引物对我国小麦条锈病菌的6个生理小种(CYR17,SU11,CYR23,CYR28,CYR29和CYR30)进行了RAPD分析,其中10个适宜引物具有鉴别作用,共扩增出89条RAPD图带,多态性为73%。自CYR23、CYR28和CYR29三个生理小种中扩增出了特征性RAPD图带。根据RAPD分析结果,将这一结果与6个小种对不同小麦品种苗期和成株期致病性的聚类分析作了比较。可将供试小种分为两组,第一组包括CYR17、SU11和CYR23,其中前两者的相似性最大;CYR28和CYR29也较相近,属于第二组;新小种CYR30与其它小种的相关性尚待进一步研究。  相似文献   

瓜类枯萎镰刀菌拮抗菌筛选的初步研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

康金花  王林霞 《干旱区研究》1997,14(2):76-77,50

镰刀菌引起的瓜类枯萎病是我国瓜类生产的重要病害，为了探索其生物防治途径，我们自1994至1995年，从茄子、麦子、刀豆、玉米根际上样中，筛选对瓜类枯萎镰刀菌有桔抗作用的细菌菌株，现将这些菌株的室内平板筛选报告如下；1材料1．1供试枯萎镰刀菌菌株来源：TF89菌株：甜瓜枯萎镰刀菌；XF89菌株：西瓜枯萎镰刀菌；HF。。菌株：黄瓜枯萎镰刀菌；以上三个菌株由新疆农业大学提供。TF1菌株：我们1995年从甜瓜种子上分离。1．2待测菌株采样地点：三富村小林场和安宁渠乡6队。2方法和结果2.1抗性分离试验；将茄子、麦子、刀豆、玉米根际上…  相似文献