桃蚜提取液对南方小花蝽行为的影响     

王健  雷朝亮  姜勇  陈亚红  邓建华  李天飞  宋春满 《昆虫天敌》2001,23(3):127-131

在室内（２５±１℃，ＲＨ７０％）条件下，研究了桃蚜 Ｍｙｚｕｓ　ｐｅｒｓｉｃａｅ不同溶剂提取液对南方小花蝽Ｏｒｉｕｓ　ｓｉｍｉｌｉｓ行为的反应。结果表明，桃蚜虫体用水研磨的浆液、用水或９５％乙醇研磨提取的滤液，均含有很强的活性物质，而且用乙醇提取的滤液活性更强。其中桃蚜虫体用水研磨的浆液对南方小花蝽行为有很显著的影响。南方小花蝽对提取的活性物质均表现有明显的滞留和调转行为。  相似文献   

生草园捕食性天敌东亚小花蝽的人工操纵技术   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

杜相革  严毓骅 《中国生物防治》1995,11(1):1-4

在北京巨山农场果园中，分别在６月初和６月中旬，刈割苹果树行间的紫花苜蓿并将其放在树冠下后，东亚小花蝽既向割草区周围的紫花苜蓿上扩散，也向割草区苹果树上迁移。割草后３天，割草区周围紫花苜蓿上小花蝽数量增加２０％～１１９％，其增加量随距割草区距离的增加而减少，割草区苹果树冠上小花蝽数量比割草前增加２～３倍，蝽螨比可提高１４倍，树冠小花蝽增加的数量受小花蝽扩散能力和割草时间的影响。试验结果表明，适时刈割苹果园中的紫花苜蓿，对控制害螨有明显的作用  相似文献   

Field trial measuring the compatibility of methoxyfenozide and flonicamid with Orius laevigatus Fieber (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae) and Amblyseius swirskii (Athias-Henriot) (Acari: Phytoseiidae) in a commercial pepper greenhouse     

Colomer I  Aguado P  Medina P  Heredia RM  Fereres A  Belda JE  Viñuela E 《Pest management science》2011,67(10):1237-1244

BACKGROUND: Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) and Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) are among the most serious pests of sweet peppers in greenhouses. Chemical control is difficult because of their high reproductive rates and insecticide resistance, and seasonal inoculative releases of Orius laevigatus (Fieber) and Amblyseius swirskii (Athias‐Henriot) are commonly used to reduce their populations. As chemical treatments are often needed in the crop against other pests, the side effects of methoxyfenozide (an insect growth regulator against lepidopteran pests) and flonicamid (a selective feeding inhibitor against sucking insects) were studied in both beneficial organisms in a commercial greenhouse. RESULTS: Orius laevigatus and A. swirskii were released at commercial rates (4–5 and 100 m^?2), and a strong establishment and a very homogeneous distribution were reached. One pesticide treatment with the maximum field recommended concentration of methoxyfenozide and flonicamid (96 and 100 mg AI L^?1) was done when they were well established, and their population levels were not affected either immediately or up to 30 days after treatment. CONCLUSION: The results are indicative of no impact of methoxyfenozide and flonicamid on the two natural enemies in the field, and both can be considered as potential alternatives to be included in IPM programmes in sweet pepper. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry  相似文献   

The contact toxicity of indoxacarb and five other insecticides to Orius insidiosus (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae) and Aphidius colemani (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), beneficials used in the greenhouse industry     

Bostanian NJ  Akalach M 《Pest management science》2004,60(12):1231-1236

The contact toxicity of indoxacarb, abamectin, endosulfan, insecticide soap, S-kinoprene and dimethoate to Orius insidiosus (Say) and Aphidius colemani Viereck were studied in the laboratory. These beneficials are often used in the greenhouses to manage various insect pests. Indoxacarb is slow acting and therefore, to estimate lethal dosages, observations should be continued for several days until data stabilize. Seven days after treatment, the LC50 was 0.119 g AI litre(-1) for O insidiosus adults and 0.019 g AI litre(-1) for A colemani. At that time, the recommended field concentration was 0.479 times the LC50 for O insidiosus adults and three times the LC50 for A colemani. In contrast, indoxacarb had no adverse effect on the reproductive capacity of wasps surviving a treatment or the developing wasps in the aphid mummy. Among the other insecticides S-kinoprene was the most innocuous while dimethoate was the most toxic to the two beneficials. The other insecticides had overlapping toxicities.  相似文献   

营养和环境因子对东亚小花蝽生殖的影响   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

于毅  严毓骅 《昆虫天敌》1999,21(4):145-149

本文研究北京苹果园三种杂草,蚜虫及环境因子对东亚小花蝽生殖的影响。结果表明,越冬代东亚小花蝽在苹果园３月下旬卵巢开始发育,４月初卵巢成熟,并开始产卵。夏至草（Ｌａｇｏｐｓｉｓｓｕｐｉｎａ）甘野菊（Ｄｅｎｄｒａｎｔｈｅｒｎａｂｏｒｅｄｌｅ）和泥胡菜（Ｈｅｍｉｓｔｅｐｔａｌｙｒａｔａ）是东亚小花蝽越冬和早春繁衍的主要场所。室内饲养的小花蝽在３种无蚜虫感染的杂草上均能产卵,但产卵量极低,在带有蚜虫的３种  相似文献   

苦参碱及吡虫啉对南方小花蝽的影响   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

莫利锋  郅军锐  张骏 《植物保护学报》2013,40(2):160-164

为评价植物源杀虫剂和化学杀虫剂对南方小花蝽的影响,在室内条件下采用浸渍法比较了苦参碱及吡虫啉对西花蓟马的毒力,并分别利用两种杀虫剂对西花蓟马2龄若虫的LC50剂量作用于南方小花蝽,探究其对南方小花蝽捕食作用、雌成虫寿命和产卵量的影响.结果显示,苦参碱和吡虫啉对西花蓟马2龄若虫的LC5o值分别为24.811 mg/L和13.911 mg/L,两种药剂处理后南方小花蝽对西花蓟马的功能反应符合HollingⅡ圆盘方程,但其瞬时攻击率降低,苦参碱处理的瞬时攻击率高于吡虫啉处理;药剂处理后南方小花蝽雌成虫寿命及产卵量均下降,雌成虫寿命由22.0 d分别缩至19.0d及11.0d,其平均日产卵量由3.92粒/雌分别下降至2.25粒/雌及0.91粒/雌.研究表明苦参碱对南方小花蝽的影响小于吡虫啉.  相似文献   

溴氰菊酯对南方小花蝽捕食番茄潜叶蛾能力的影响     

蒋正雄  吴道慧  羊绍武  李宜儒  杨智雄  杨茂兴  陈永虹  陈恒  陈国华  张晓明 《植物保护》2022,48(6):127-132

为探究溴氰菊酯对南方小花蝽Orius similis捕食番茄潜叶蛾 Tuta absoluta能力的影响,本研究以溴氰菊酯对南方小花蝽的致死中浓度为处理浓度,采用药膜法处理南方小花蝽成虫,然后让存活的南方小花蝽取食番茄潜叶蛾卵及1龄幼虫,分析溴氰菊酯对其捕食功能反应及捕食行为的影响。结果表明,经致死中浓度的溴氰菊酯处理后,南方小花蝽捕食番茄潜叶蛾的能力及行为均受到影响,功能反应模型仍符合Holling Ⅱ模型,但南方小花蝽处理猎物的时间延长,控害效能降低,搜寻效应下降, 成虫对卵和1龄幼虫的日最大捕食量分别下降了47.37粒/皿、9.47头/皿;而处理1粒番茄潜叶卵和1头1龄幼虫所用的时间分别延长了777.6 s和3 456.0 s,同时南方小花蝽搜寻、行走、捕食番茄潜叶蛾卵的行为时间分别缩短了444.2、750.2、919.6 s,静止和梳理时间则分别延长了1 677.6、403 s,对番茄潜叶蛾卵和1龄幼虫的捕食量分别降低了4头和1头。因此,溴氰菊酯对南方小花蝽捕食能力产生了抑制作用,在田间防控番茄潜叶蛾时应延长溴氰菊酯与南方小花蝽使用的间隔时间,更好地协调化学与生物防治。  相似文献   

淡翅小花蝽对豆大蓟马的捕食功能反应及猎物偏好性          下载免费PDF全文

邱海燕  付步礼  何石兰  刘奎 《中国生物防治学报》2022,38(6):1443-1448

为评价淡翅小花蝽对豆大蓟马的控害潜能,在室内测定了淡翅小花蝽各虫态对豆大蓟马2龄若虫的捕食能力、寻找效应、捕食选择性及自身密度干扰反应。结果表明：一定的猎物密度范围内,淡翅小花蝽各虫态对豆大蓟马的捕食作用均符合Holling Ⅱ功能反应模型,淡翅小花蝽各虫态的捕食量均随猎物密度的增加而升高,搜寻效应均随猎物密度增加而下降。淡翅小花蝽若虫的捕食能力随龄期的增长而提高,5龄若虫的日捕食能力最强,为42.9头。淡翅小花蝽5龄若虫对2龄若虫捕食率随其自身密度的增加而下降,经拟合获得的干扰模型为E＝0.412P^-0.822,分摊竞争模型为I＝1.042lgP＋0.071。猎物偏好性试验结果表明,淡翅小花蝽5龄若虫和成虫均对豆大蓟马2龄若虫的偏好性明显高于成虫。研究结果表明淡翅小花蝽对豆大蓟马具有较好的防控潜能。  相似文献   

The effect of indoxacarb and five other insecticides on Phytoseiulus persimilis (Acari: Phytoseiidae), Amblyseius fallacis (Acari: Phytoseiidae) and nymphs of Orius insidiosus (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae)     

Bostanian NJ  Akalach M 《Pest management science》2006,62(4):334-339

A laboratory study assessed the contact toxicity of indoxacarb, abamectin, endosulfan, insecticidal soap, S-kinoprene and dimethoate to Amblyseius fallacis (Garman), Phytoseiulus persimilis Athias-Henriot and nymphs of Orius insidiosus (Say). Amblyseius fallacis is a predacious phytoseiid mite and an integral part of integrated pest management (IPM) programmes in North American apple orchards. The other two beneficials are widely used in greenhouses to manage various arthropod pests infesting vegetable and ornamental crops. Indoxacarb is a slow-acting insecticide, so toxicity data were recorded 7 days post-treatment when the data had stabilised. It showed no toxicity to O. insidiosus nymphs or to A. fallacis or P. persimilis adults. The LC50 values for O. insidiosus nymphs and P. persimilis could not be estimated with their associated confidence limits, because the g values were greater than 0.5 and under such circumstances the lethal concentration would lie outside the limits. The LC50 for A. fallacis was 7.6x the label rate. The fecundity of P. persimilis was reduced by 26.7%. The eclosion of treated eggs from both species of beneficial mites was not affected adversely. Among the other pest control products, S-kinoprene and endosulfan affected adversely at least one species of the predators, whereas dimethoate, abamectin and insecticidal soap were very toxic to all three beneficials. Indoxacarb should be evaluated as a pest control product in IPM programmes.  相似文献   

东亚小花蝽滞育前后耐寒能力及体内生化物质变化          下载免费PDF全文

吕兵  孙猛  翟一凡  郑礼  陈浩 《中国生物防治学报》2020,36(6):885-890

为研究东亚小花蝽滞育前后耐寒能力及与滞育有关的物质变化，以东亚小花蝽雌成虫为供试材料，测定了其滞育、解除滞育和发育3种状态下的过冷却点、低温耐受性及体内耐寒相关物质含量的变化。结果显示，东亚小花蝽雌成虫的过冷却点和结冰点分别为（-9.59±0.61）℃、（-6.28±0.53）℃。滞育与解除滞育的东亚小花蝽的过冷却点、结冰点、体内的含水量显著低于发育个体；滞育东亚小花蝽体内总糖、海藻糖、甘油、脂肪和抗逆性酶含量显著高于发育个体；滞育、解除滞育和发育3种状态的东亚小花蝽体内山梨醇含量差异不显著。本研究表明东亚小花蝽在滞育期间耐寒能力显著提高，这与海藻糖、甘油、脂肪和抗逆性酶含量增加有关。  相似文献