基于网络药理学的余甘子保健作用机制研究          下载免费PDF全文

何志贵  杜密英  徐祥林 《西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版)》2023,51(4):137-146

【目的】探索余甘子（Phyllanthus emblica L.）具食疗保健作用的有效成分和保健作用机制，为余甘子的开发利用提供参考。【方法】首先分别以“余甘子”、“Phyllanthus emblica”或我国台湾和香港地区的余甘子拉丁名“Phyllanthi fructus”为关键词，在中药化学数据库、传统中药化学成分及靶标数据库和台湾传统中药化学成分数据库中对其化学成分进行检索；在此基础上，筛选出口服利用度≥20%的有效成分，进而通过STRING数据库、BioGRID数据库、STITCH数据库和CTD数据库对有效成分的蛋白靶标进行筛选，最后通过靶标的基因本体论（gene ontology，GO）、KEGG（kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes）代谢通路和疾病本体论（disease ontology，DO）的富集分析，阐明余甘子保健功效成分的潜在作用机制。【结果】对余甘子化学成分初步的检索与核定发现，其含有亚油酸、并没食子酸、没食子酸、诃子次酸、诃子酸等10种具不同结构的化合物；经口服利用度筛选后，确定油酸、没食子酸、并没食子酸和诃子酸是余甘子中具潜在保健功效的有效成分；进一步的药物 靶标互作分析发现，这些功效成分可作用于前列腺素G/H合酶、维甲酸类受体、内源激素类受体和谷胱甘肽硫转移酶。GO富集分析结果表明，在生物学过程中，余甘子有效成分的靶标在甾体类激素响应、谷胱甘肽及其衍生物的生物合成和代谢过程等条目下富集；分子功能中，余甘子有效成分的靶标在氧化还原酶活性、过氧化物酶活性和谷胱甘肽转移酶活性等条目下显著富集。基于KEGG代谢通路的富集分析结果显示，余甘子功效成分靶标与多重肿瘤生物学途径及动脉粥样硬化、抗病毒、乙型肝炎和丙性肝炎等通路相关。DO的富集分析结果显示，余甘子活性成分靶点与前列腺癌、腺体癌、头颈部肿瘤、神经胶质瘤等恶性肿瘤存在重要联系。【结论】余甘子的功效成分可以通过谷胱甘肽硫转移酶、前列腺素G/H合酶等途径发挥抗肿瘤耐药性和抗动脉粥样硬化等功效，是研发具有抗炎、抗衰老、降血脂和免疫调节疗效保健食品的重要植物资源。  相似文献   

Soil water stress at young urban street-tree sites in response to meteorology and site parameters     

《Urban Forestry & Urban Greening》2022

Growth conditions at urban street-tree sites are unfavorable and tree vitality is increasingly threatened by water scarcity due to changing climate. Developing adaption and management strategies to ensure early stage and long-term tree- and root growth requires thorough knowledge about root zone soil-water dynamics at young urban street-tree sites. Therefore, we established a soil water potential (SWP) monitoring at 17 young urban street-tree sites in the city of Hamburg, Germany. Over four years (2016–2019) we measured and quantified critical soil water availability in the root ball, planting pit, and surrounding urban soil using a threshold value (SWP < −1200 hPa) and assessed the tree sites sensitivity towards meteorological variables, tree- and site characteristics using a data driven random forest model. During 2018 and 2019, average critical soil water availability in the root ball and planting pit occurred between three to five months per year, and the trees were exposed to prolonged periods of critical soil-water availability for two consecutive years. After planting, critical soil water availability increasingly shifted year wise from the root ball into the entire planting pit as a consequence of root development and increasing water demand of the trees. Considering less usable water within the surrounding sandy soils, soil water in the planting pit may be depleted earlier and more rapidly with tree aging. The random forest model successfully predicted critical soil water availability and identified tree age as an important predictor. Long-term (10-day) rainfall was the most important variable predicting the occurrence of critical soil water availability, suggesting a further extension of periods with critical soil water availability as rainy summer days are projected to decrease with climate change. Additionally we identified soil temperature as a more important predictor than air temperature as it reflects site specific characteristics affecting water- an energy balance. This study underlines the urgency to adapt the growing conditions of young urban street-trees in terms of sufficient water storage, and provides an approach for future application in tree site soil water management, to maintain their vitality under urbanization pressure and climate change.  相似文献   

Studies on classification models to discriminate ‘Braeburn’ apples affected by internal browning using the optical properties measured by time-resolved reflectance spectroscopy     

《Postharvest Biology and Technology》2014

This work aimed at studying the feasibility of time-resolved reflectance spectroscopy (TRS) to nondestructively detect internal browning (IB) in ‘Braeburn’ apples through the development of classification models based on absorption (μ_a) and scattering (μ_s′) properties of the pulp.This research was carried out in two seasons: in 2009, apples were measured by TRS at 670 nm and in the 740–1040 nm spectral range on four equidistant points around the equator, whereas in 2010 apples were measured by TRS at 670 nm and at 780 nm on eight equidistant points.The values of the absorption coefficients measured in the 670–940 nm range increased with IB development. On the contrary, μ_s′780 was higher in healthy fruit than in IB ones. The μ_a780 also significantly increased with IB severity, showing high values when IB affected the pulp tissues compared to the core ones. Also μ_a670 changed with IB development, but it was not able to clearly discriminate healthy fruit from IB ones because its value was also affected by the chlorophyll content of the pulp.The absorption and scattering coefficients were used as explanatory variables in the linear discriminant analysis in order to classify each apple tissue as healthy or IB; then the models obtained were used for fruit classification. The best classification performance was obtained in 2010 using μ_a780 and μ_s′780 and considering the IB position within the fruit: 90% of healthy fruit and 71% of IB fruit were correctly classified. By using all the μ_a measured in the 670–1040 nm range plus the μ_s′780, IB fruit classification was slightly better while healthy fruit classification was worse. The better result of 2010 was due to the increased number of TRS measurement points that allowed better exploration of the fruit tissues. However, the asymmetric nature of this disorder makes detection difficult, especially when the disorder is localized in the inner part of the fruit (core) or when it occurs in spots. A different TRS set-up (position and distance of fibers, time resolution) should be studied in order to reach the deeper tissue within the fruit in order to improve browning detection.  相似文献   

大螟两个mGST1基因的时空分布及经氯虫苯甲酰胺诱导后的表达情况          下载免费PDF全文

鲁艳辉  田俊策  郭嘉雯  郑许松  徐红星  吕仲贤 《植物保护学报》2023,50(3):620-630

为明确微粒体谷胱甘肽S-转移酶（microsomal glutathione S-transferase,mGST）是否参与大螟Sesamia inferens对氯虫苯甲酰胺的解毒代谢，采用Illumina深度测序技术分析大螟转录组数据获得mGST1基因序列，利用实时荧光定量PCR技术测定其在大螟不同龄期幼虫和4龄幼虫不同组织中的表达模式，及经不同浓度氯虫苯甲酰胺处理不同时间后的相对表达量。结果表明，共获得2个mGST1基因序列，分别命名为SimGST1-1和SimGST1-2(GenBank登录号分别为OL770267和OL770268)。SimGST1-1和SimGST1-2的开放阅读框分别为456 bp和447 bp，分别编码152个和149个氨基酸，均具有昆虫mGST的特征序列。SimGST1-1和SimGST1-2在大螟不同龄期幼虫体内均有表达，且在4～6龄幼虫体内的相对表达量显著高于1～3龄幼虫。SimGST1-1在4龄幼虫中肠和脂肪体中的相对表达量显著高于在头部和表皮中的相对表达量，SimGST1-2在头部和中肠中的相对表达量显著高于在表皮和脂肪体中的相对表达量。与对照组...  相似文献