抗稻瘿蚊分子育种研究进展与利用     

陈平福  郑冬梅  温早生  徐小红 《江西农业学报》2006,18(4):78-80

综述了近年来在抗稻瘿蚊基因的分子标记和分子标记辅助选择育种方面的研究进展及其利用。  相似文献   

福建省水稻霜霉病诊断和病原鉴定     

刘娟  张绍升 《福建农林大学学报(自然科学版)》2013,42(2)

水稻霜霉病诊断特征为植株矮缩,叶片黄化、产生黄褐色条斑.利用显微镜检查染色病组织内的病原菌藏卵器和卵孢子,通过观察病原菌的培养性状、形态特征和致病性测定,该病原菌被鉴定为大孢指疫霉水稻变种.  相似文献   

Growth Complementation of hrpXo Mutants of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae by Virulent Strains in Rice Cultivars Resistant and Susceptible to the Parental Strain     

Seiji TSUGE  Ayako FURUTANI  Rie FUKUNAKA  Yasuyuki KUBO  Osamu HORINO 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2001,67(1):51-57

Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (X. o. pv. oryzae) T7174 is virulent on rice cultivar IR24 and avirulent on IR-BB2. From recent reports, some virulence and avirulence factors of plant pathogenic bacteria are transferred to plant cells through the hrp-dependent type III secretion system. In this study, we investigated the involvement of hrp genes in the compatible and the incompatible interactions between rice and X. o. pv. oryzae after co-inoculation with hrpXo mutants derived from T7174 and virulent strains. Growth of the mutants, named 74ΔHrpXo and 76ΔHrpXo, was repressed in IR24 when the mutants were applied alone. However, growth of the mutants was complemented by co-inoculation with virulent strains. Growth of bioluminescent hrpXo mutant 76ΔHrpXo in IR24 and its growth in IR-BB2 after co-inoculation with T7133, which is virulent on both cultivars, was equally complemented, as detected by bioluminescence from the mutant. On the other hand, only partial complementation of growth of T7174L76, which is a bioluminescent and pathogenic derivative of T7174, by T7133 was observed in IR-BB2. Thus, growth of the hrpXo mutant of X. o. pv. oryzae was complemented by virulent strains in both susceptible and resistant rice leaves with the parental strain. Received 21 July 2000/ Accepted in revised form 26 October 2000  相似文献   

稻秆潜蝇综合防治技术研究     

杜一新  夏建平  陈海忠 《中国植保导刊》2001,21(8):3-5

稻秆潜蝇是浙南山区水稻生产的重要害虫.通过推广薄膜育秧、绿肥田除草、选用抗性品种、实行健身栽培、生态控制等一系列综合防治技术,可达到经济有效的防治效果.在水稻整个生长期可减少用药1～2次,稻秆潜蝇穗被害率减轻41.03%,病虫害损失控制在3.6%以内,稻谷增产9.2%,稻田害虫天敌蜘蛛和黑肩绿盲蝽分别增加38.1%和26.3%,获得了明显的生态、经济效益.  相似文献   

Contact and fumigant activities of constituents of Foeniculum vulgare fruit against three coleopteran stored‐product insects     

Do‐Hyoung Kim  Young‐Joon Ahn 《Pest management science》2001,57(3):301-306

The insecticidal activities of materials derived from the fruit of fennel, Foeniculum vulgare, against adults of Sitophilus oryzae, Callosobruchus chinensis and Lasioderma serricorne were examined using direct contact application and fumigation methods. The biologically active constituents of the Foeniculum fruits were characterized as the phenylpropenes (E)‐anethole and estragole, and the monoterpene (+)‐fenchone, by spectroscopic analysis. Responses varied with insect species, compound, dose and exposure time. In a filter paper diffusion test, estragole at 0.168 mg cm^?2 caused 91% mortality to S oryzae adults within 1 day after treatment (DAT), whereas (+)‐fenchone and (E)‐anethole gave over 90% mortality at 2 and 4 DAT, respectively. Against C chinensis adults, all test compounds revealed potent insecticidal activities at 0.021 mg cm^?2 at 2 DAT. Against L serricorne adults at 0.105 mg cm^?2, (E)‐anethole gave 100% mortality at 1 DAT, whereas 90 and 60% mortality at 4 DAT was achieved with estragole and (+)‐fenchone, respectively. In a fumigation test, the test compounds were much more effective against adults of S oryzae, C chinensis and L serricorne in closed cups than in open ones, indicating that the insecticidal activity of test compounds was largely attributable to fumigant action. As naturally occurring insect‐control agents, the F vulgare fruit‐derived materials described could be useful for managing field populations of S oryzae, C chinensis and L serricorne. © 2001 Society of Chemical Industry  相似文献   

水稻品种与水稻细菌性条斑病菌的互作机制   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1  

周明华  许志刚  沈秀萍 《植物保护学报》2001,28(2):103-107

水稻叶片接种3d后，水稻细菌性条斑病菌开始在叶片上大量增殖；接种10d后，病菌数量开始保持相对的稳定，但感病品种上的菌量比抗病品种上的菌量在10倍左右，病斑在接种后第3d开始出现，接种10d以后，病斑在感病品种上能继续快速发展，而在抗病品种上开始受到抑制，通过对抗病和感病品种叶片上的气孔观测发现，感病品种的气孔密度和气孔长度一般都较抗病品种大，相关分析表明，气孔长度理发师品种抗性相关。接种后对PAL酶的活性测定结果表明，PAL酶的活性与品种抗性呈负相关关系。  相似文献   

叶枯唑防治水稻白叶枯病的作用方式研究   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

沈光斌  周明国 《农药学学报》2001,3(3):35-39

叶枯唑具有诱导受体植物水稻产生抗病性的作用 ,能使水稻体内脂质过氧化程度加强 ,刺激水稻体内产生 O-2 ,阻止白叶枯病菌侵入。O-2 清除剂 (甘露醇、抗坏血酸 )处理水稻能显著降低叶枯唑的保护作用。叶枯唑也能直接作用于水稻白叶枯病菌 ,抑制菌体生长 ,表现出治疗作用。  相似文献   

抗稻瘿蚊品种多抗1的抗性遗传分析及抗性基因定位   总被引：9，自引：1，他引：9  

谭玉娟  张扬  黄炳超  徐炎康  赵丽霞  S. K. Katiyar  N. Huang  G. S. Khush  J. Bennett 《植物保护学报》1996,23(4):315-320

稻瘿蚊是亚洲稻区主要害虫,采用抗虫品种进行防治是最理想的方法。1993～1995年,广东省农科院与国际水稻研究所有关专家紧密合作,对能抗华南4个稻瘿蚊生物型的品种多抗1作进一步抗性遗传分析,确认多抗1对中国稻瘿蚊生物型1和4的抗性受显性单基因控制,这个基因暂定名为GM—6(t)。以多抗1×丰银占1组合的F3代160个家系作基因标记,据DNA库分离个体分析(BSA)原理,用随机扩增多态性DNA(RAPD)标记物OPM6(1.4kb),首次成功地标记了这个抗性基因。随后多态性扩增产物经~(32)p标记,用作探针,检测另一个参考作图群体IR64×Azucena,将这个抗性基因定位在水稻第4条染色体上,位于RG214和RG163两个DNA限制性片段长度多态性(RFLP)标记之间。应用这些分子标记辅助选择有可能不必通过稻瘿蚊的直接筛选,快速准确地选育抗稻瘿蚊品种或进行抗性基因累加。  相似文献   

用免疫分离法检测稻种上的白叶枯病菌   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

许志刚  刘凤权 《植物病理学报》1995,25(1):5-8

 免疫分离法是一种新型的、高度灵敏和准确的种菌带菌检验法,它结合了利用专化性抗血清的选择法吸附作用和活细菌可形成菌落的两方面的优点,从种苗材料中分离到目标细菌,用纯菌测试它的回收率为50~70%,最低检出率为50~100个菌/ml,人工喷接种和病田收获的病种带菌率达87%,平均每粒自然病种上的细菌数在100个左右。免疫分离所得菌落经致病性测定,大多数为白叶枯菌。  相似文献   

杂交稻稻瘟菌致病菌系的组成及其变化   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

彭云良  陈国华  杨晓蓉  沈瑛  何明  曾德初 《植物保护学报》1995,22(3):247-250

对四川省大面积主栽杂交稻组合汕优６３、汕优２号上的稻瘟病菌进行生理小种测定的结果表明，致病菌系由多个生理小种群组成，其中以ＺＢ、ＺＣ群小种为主。用不同生理小种的菌株接种汕优２号和汕优６３的结果表明：ＺＢ群小种对汕优２号的致病频率最高，为１００％，而不同生理小种群对汕优６３的致病频率无显著差异，平均为７５％。致使这两个杂交稻组合丧失抗性的菌株来自四川省发病多年的常规稻、雄性不育系和早熟杂交稻组合。四  相似文献