The application of biochar on soil acidity and other physico‐chemical properties of soils in southern Ethiopia     

《植物养料与土壤学杂志》2017,180(3):381-388

The aim of this research was to investigate the effect of biochar amendment on soil acidity and other physico‐chemical properties of soil in Southern Ethiopia using a field experiment of three treatments: (1) biochar made of corn cobs, (2) biochar made of chopped Lantana camara stem, and (3) biochar made of Eucalyptus globulus feedstock and a control, in which neither of the biochar was used. Each treatment had three levels of 6, 12 and 18 t ha⁻¹. The experiment was setup with RCBD in a factorial arrangement with three replications. In this regard, a total of 36 plots (each 2 × 2 m size) were applied with three replications to the depth of 0–15cm. From these 36 plots, composite soil samples were collected to the depth of 0–30 cm and analyzed for bulk density, total porosity, pH, soil organic carbon, total nitrogen, available phosphorus, potassium, and exchangeable acidity using standard procedures before and after biochar application. Two‐way ANOVA was also used to analyze the impact of the biochars on soil acidity and other properties. For the treatments that had significant effects, a mean separation was made using Least Significance Difference (LSD) test. The results showed the application of biochar significantly reduced, soil bulk density and exchangeable acidity when compared with a control (p < 0.05). Moreover, the total soil porosity, soil pH, total nitrogen, soil organic carbon, available phosphorus, and potassium were significantly increased in the soil. From among applied biochar treatments, Lantana camara applied at the level of 18 t ha⁻¹ had a higher impact in changing soil physico‐chemical properties. In general, the study suggests that the soil acidity can be reduced by applying biochar as it can amend other soil physico‐chemical properties.  相似文献   

黑杨派南方型无性系高生长与气候条件的斜率关联度分析     

余发新  邓晓武 《江西林业科技》2000,(6):9-10,12

用灰色系统理论的斜率关联度分析法，求得影响黑杨派南方型无性系高生长的主要气候因子依次为：降水量、极低温、极高温、蒸发量、日照时数、积温、年均温（或相至湿度）、相以湿度（或年均温）、无霜期。  相似文献   

印度洋西北部海域鸢乌贼种群遗传结构的RAPD分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

刘金立  陈新军  许强华 《南方水产》2008,4(2):43-49

根据2004年9～12月和2005年3～5月印度洋西北部公海海域（13°N～20°N、59°E～64°E）鸢乌贼（Sthenoteuthis oualaniensis）资源调查中所采集的样本,选取了12个站点48尾鸢乌贼肌肉样本进行随机扩增多态性DNA分析。根据UPGMA聚类分析,样本中存在2个种群,13°N～18°N海域和18°N～20°N海域。分析得知,2种群间遗传分化指数为0.2150,表明不同种群间在遗传背景上存在较大的差异,且种群内的遗传变异水平较高。Shannon多样性指数为0.3676±0.1801。2种群间的遗传距离为0.1338,遗传相似性指数为0.8748。  相似文献   

Variability in conspecific predation among longnose lancetfish Alepisaurus ferox in the western Indian Ocean   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Evgeny V Romanov  Frédéric Ménard  Veniamin V Zamorov  Michel Potier 《Fisheries Science》2008,74(1):62-68

ABSTRACT:   Conspecific predation among longnose lancetfish Alepisaurus ferox was investigated in four spatio-temporal strata of the western Indian Ocean. The cannibalism level varied from 0 to 45.5% by frequency of occurrence and was negatively related with abundance of non-evasive prey (such as crustaceans Charybdis smithii and Natosquilla investigatoris ) and foraging success. Predation by lancetfish is often described as a non-selective process, constrained by local prey availability and by its feeding speed during an attack of prey. Our results show that lancetfish may adapt its opportunistic foraging behavior, feeding on non-conspecific abundant prey such as crustaceans when available, and switching to a high level of conspecific predation in poor waters.  相似文献   

Naturally occurring bacteraemia in American lobsters, Homarus americanus Milne-Edwards, in Long Island Sound     

Bartlett SL  Wooster GA  Sokolowski MS  Dove AD  Bowser PR 《Journal of fish diseases》2008,31(1):19-25

The health status of the American lobster, Homarus americanus Milne-Edwards, in Long Island Sound (LIS) has been in decline, with seasonal mortality events occurring since 1998. In order to assess the potential effects of environmental conditions on lobster health via haemolymph analysis, lobsters collected from various sites in LIS were examined and sampled while concurrent environmental data (water temperature, salinity and dissolved oxygen) were recorded. The pH of the haemolymph of each lobster was tested, followed by a collection of haemolymph for serum biochemistry analysis and bacterial culture. This report focuses on the results of the bacterial sampling. The majority of bacteria cultured were opportunistic pathogens commonly found in the environment, including some that are associated with sewage and pollution. The prevalence of bacteraemia was correlated with the site of collection, the month in which the lobsters were sampled, and water temperature.  相似文献   

Information and Training Needs of Non-Timber Forest Products' Operators in Southern Nigeria     

《Journal of Sustainable Forestry》2013,32(1):43-52

Abstract

This study examined the training needs of non-timber forest products' (NTFP) operators in Southern Nigeria. One hundred-fifty forest operators in Ondo State, Nigeria were sampled using structured questionnaire. Data collected was analyzed using percentages, mean, Chi-square test, and Pearson Product Moment Correlation. The results revealed that majority of the forest operators in Southern Nigeria are middle-aged women with low level of education. The need for training is high and significant (P < 0.05), and there is a positive relationship between training/ information received and the operators's productivity.  相似文献   

三大区域村庄类型分布的刻画：历史移民解读     

吴海龙 《古今农业》2013,(4):33-43

中国农村存在巨大的区域差异,从社会结构上看,可以分为华南宗族团结型地区、中部原子化分散型地区和华北小亲族分裂型地区三大区域.通过数据挖掘和分析,发现我国出生性别比的分布极具规律性,显示出区域上的差异.结合中国南方方言形成及南方宗族型文化发育的共同历史移民根源,笔者将南方方言分布图与出生性别比地图及三大区域划分进行比较研究,具体分析了三者间高度关联性的共同历史移民根源.  相似文献   

南方春大豆不同播季主要农艺性状的变化及其遗传研究   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

马继凤  赵政文 《大豆科学》1998,17(4):331-339

本文以１２个南方春大豆早熟品种（系）和１２个中熟品种（系）为材料，进行春，秋播试验，研究主要农艺性状的秋播变异率，遗传变异系数，遗传力和遗传进度，结果表明：１，两熟期组秋播变异率平均，除分枝起点为负值以外，其它１１个性状在２．３６％－５２．８８％之间，说明秋播对为结性状均有一定影响；熟期组之间各性状秋播变异率的大小亦存在较大差异，如秋播对早熟组株高，主茎节数，结荚节数，结荚高度，主茎荚数和百粒重的  相似文献   

如何快速改善千岛湖的森林结构与功能   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1  

丰炳财  徐高福  周志春  金国庆 《浙江林业科技》2001,21(4):63-65

根据调研结果，就如何快速有效地改变千岛湖森林结构与功能提出了相应的对策，认为调整产业结构，加强森林分类经营和加大封山林力度是三个先决条件，而加强科学研究，充分运用人为有利干扰则是其重要保证。  相似文献   

抗光肩星天牛苏云金芽胞杆菌Bt886菌株的分离及对毒蛋白编码基因的初步鉴定   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

陈军  杜孟芳  尹新明  王学聘  卢孟柱 《林业科学》2004,40(5):138-142

从拟谷盗虫尸中分离到一株对鞘翅目害虫光肩星天牛幼虫毒杀作用明显的Bt菌株Bt886。幼虫死亡率高达 6 0 % ,存活者生长明显受到抑制。经过晶体形态特征和杀虫谱分析 ,初步确认该菌株属于cry3类。比较cry3类基因的保守序列 ,利用一对cry3特异引物成功地从Bt886菌株中克隆到了一段基因片段并克隆至pGEM -T载体上。测序分析发现该片段与cry3Aa1基因具有很高的同源性 ,确定来自毒蛋白编码基因。Southern杂交分析表明该基因位于该菌株的质粒上。  相似文献