棉铃虫滞育的诱导因素研究   总被引：12，自引：3，他引：12  

吴孔明  郭予元 《植物保护学报》1995,22(4):331-336

作者以河南省新乡县棉铃虫为材料研究了我国北方棉区棉铃虫滞育的诱导因素，结果表明，食物质量对棉铃铃虫滞影响不大，光帮温度是诱导该虫滞育的主要因素，以１２：１２（光照时数：黑暗时数）光周期诱导作用最强，高温对滞育有明显的抑制作用，幼虫是感受滞育信息的敏感虫态，不同虫龄间感受程度差别不大。在２２℃、１２：１２光周期下幼虫以少一半时间接受短光照处理才能产生滞育个体，处理时间越长滞育率越高。供试棉铃虫在２２  相似文献   

母代光照经历对菜蛾盘绒茧蜂滞育发生的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

郭玉玲  庞淑婷  郝仲萍  施祖华 《中国生物防治》2007,23(1):1-4

室内研究了在同一温度(25℃)3、种不同光照条件(8L∶16D、12L∶12D、16L∶8D)下饲养的菜蛾盘绒茧蜂,其后代在4种不同温度(13、15、17、20℃)和2种光周期(8L∶16D、11L∶13D)下饲养的滞育率变化情况。结果表明:母代的光照经历、子代饲养温度和光照周期这3个滞育诱导因素都会显著地影响滞育率。母代的光周期经历与子代诱导滞育的温度或光周期之间、子代诱导滞育的温度与光周期之间均存在交互作用,但3个因素间的交互作用不显著。母代在长日照条件下饲养可以降低子代诱导滞育的临界温度。子代在较低温度下饲养,母代经历的光周期对子代滞育的发生影响不大,甚至没有影响;但当子代在相对较高温度下饲养,母代经历的光周期对子代滞育发生的影响十分明显。  相似文献   

鞭角华扁叶蜂滞育幼虫空间数量分布的研究          下载免费PDF全文

陈绘画  崔相富  郑永祥 《林业科学研究》2001,14(5):503-508

运用人工神经网络方法和空间趋势面分析方法对鞭角华扁叶蜂滞育幼虫的数量与其所处的空间位置之间的关系进行研究，创建鞭角华扁叶蜂滞育幼虫空间数量分布的BP网络模型和三次趋势面模型，结果表明：建立的BP网络模型模拟不同空间位置的鞭角华扁叶蜂滞育幼虫数量具有较高的拟合精度，当隐层神经元数为12个时，其平均模拟精度为96.90%，预留的20组样本的平均预测精度为92.35%；而三次趋势面模型的平均模拟精度为93.01%，预留的20组样本的平均预测精度为93.24%。  相似文献   

Diapause termination,developmental threshold and thermal requirements of eggs of the maple aphid,<Emphasis Type="Italic">Periphyllus californiensis</Emphasis> Shinji     

Chuan-Chan Wang  Kimito Furuta 《Journal of Forest Research》2002,7(1):1-6

The lower developmental threshold and thermal requirements for egg hatch of the maple aphid (Periphyllus californiensis) were estimated to be 4.58°C and 94.48 degree-days. Eggs of the maple aphid appear to have obligatory diapause and chilling seems essential for diapause development. No matter whether eggs in diapause were treated with 2°C chilling or placed in the field, at least 35 to 41 days were required for the first egg to terminate diapause. The time of egg hatch lasted for about a month or even longer. This long period of time in egg hatch may be related to the restricted period that food is available in early spring and the long period of budburst of host plants.  相似文献   

不同化性苜蓿切叶蜂在滞育解除与滞育后发育上的差异     

李茂海  李建平  杨桂华  刘金文  侯云龙 《吉林农业大学学报》2009,31(1)

研究了不同化性苜蓿切叶蜂(Megachile rotundata F.)前蛹在5℃条件下处理不同时间后,在滞育解除和滞育后发育上的差异.试验结果表明:在各阶段的滞育解除过程中,二化性种群羽化总是早于一化性种群,滞育完全解除后,在30℃、相对湿度为70%下加温,二化性种群雄蜂比一化性种群雄蜂羽化提前2.00 d,雌蜂羽化提前1.67 d,羽化高峰期提前2.00 d.  相似文献   

Monitoring resistance to diflubenzuron and deltamethrin in French codling moth populations (Cydia pomonella)     

Benoît Sauphanor  Veronique Brosse  Jean Charles Bouvier  Pierre Speich  Annie Micoud  Christophe Martinet 《Pest management science》2000,56(1):74-82

French populations of codling moth have developed resistance to several insecticide classes. The susceptibility of susceptible and resistant laboratory strains to diflubenzuron and deltamethrin was evaluated using different exposure methods against various life stages. The tarsal contact method for adults was found to be an appropriate method for testing neurotoxic compounds such as deltamethrin. Insect growth inhibitors, like diflubenzuron, need to be analysed on juvenile instars. Monitoring methodologies were developed and evaluated (a) on neonates obtained by crossing field‐collected males with virgin females from the susceptible laboratory strain so as to overcome the problem of reduced fertility of wild females and (b) on diapausing larvae. All 36 populations analysed exhibited significant levels of resistance to both diflubenzuron and deltamethrin. Resistance to the two compounds was linked, regardless of the cultivation methods used in the monitored area. The monitoring methodologies will be implemented to evaluate the evolution of resistance according to the resistance management strategies that have been adopted. © 2000 Society of Chemical Industry  相似文献   

舞毒蛾卵滞育过程几种主要物质的含量变化     

李扬  石娟 《中国农学通报》2014,30(25):55-60

海藻糖葡萄糖和小分子多元醇在昆虫滞育及接受低温刺激过程中发挥着重要的作用,一般情况下小分子多元醇及海藻糖和葡萄糖含量变化能从一定程度反映昆虫的生理状况。通过气相色谱测定舞毒蛾整个滞育阶段海藻糖、葡萄糖、甘油、甘露醇、山梨醇、肌醇6种重要物质含量变化。试验结果表明：海藻糖浓度升高再下降,冷处理30天时达到峰值(273.5±19.34) μg/mL,将低温处理150天的卵放入25℃后,海藻糖含量大幅下降。葡萄糖在试验开始时含量升高,但是低温刺激后又急剧下降,此后仅略有起伏,舞毒蛾卵放入25℃后,与海藻糖不同葡萄糖含量没有明显变化。试验中肌醇含量不断升高;甘露醇在滞育前期含量缓慢升高,但是低温刺激60天之后含量逐步下降;山梨醇含量在整个试验过程中含量波动较大;甘油含量先是大幅升高然后下降,低温刺激后含量又反而升高。从葡萄糖、海藻糖以及小分子多元醇变化趋势看,以舞毒蛾卵内化学物质变化作为卵滞育开始或解除的标准并不可靠。试验期间,舞毒蛾卵肌醇含量一直升高,而其他5种化学物质都经历先升高随后持续下降的过程,说明在滞育期间卵内仍进行活跃的代谢活动;低温刺激后,平均卵重并没有发生剧烈的变化,同时试验中几种物质含量是先升高再降低,此时卵需要消耗大量的能量。3种小分子多元醇在试验初期含量先升高后下降,低温刺激之后含量又进一步升高,但是随着低温刺激的继续,含量又有不同程度的下降,说明多元醇在特定条件下仍可以转化为糖类为代谢提供能量。  相似文献   

鞭角华扁叶蜂滞育幼虫空间格局的生物地理统计学分析及抽样技术的研究   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5       下载免费PDF全文

陈绘画  张建薇  杨胜利 《林业科学研究》2002,15(5):593-598

应用生物地理统计学的原理和方法 ,对 2块危害程度不同的柏木林分中的鞭角华扁叶蜂滞育幼虫的空间格局进行研究 ,结果表明 :受中度危害的柏木林分中的鞭角华扁叶蜂滞育幼虫有明显的空间依赖性 ,其变程为 15 77m ,半方差函数模型为指数型 ;受重度危害的柏木林分中的鞭角华扁叶蜂滞育幼虫则表现纯粹周期性变化的空间现象 ,其周期性为 6 80 6 2。同时对鞭角华扁叶蜂滞育幼虫种群的空间抽样技术进行了研究  相似文献   

The ascent migration of Calanus finmarchicus from overwintering depths in the Faroe–Shetland Channel     

M.R. Heath 《Fisheries Oceanography》1999,8(S1):84-99

The Faroe–Shetland Channel is an important overwintering area for the copepod Calanus finmarchicus in the north-east Atlantic. Stage V copepodites descend to depths of greater than 600 m, where they remain in an arrested development state (diapause) until the following spring. The ascent of the copepods back to the surface waters in the spring was investigated by six surveys in the Faroe–Shetland Channel between October 1993 and May 1995. In February, the first animals emerged from diapause and moulted to become stage VI males; these ascended to depths of 300–500 m. Females constituted a higher proportion of animals that emerged later in the season and these ascended through the layer of males, presumably mating on the way, and proceeded to the upper 100 m to begin spawning in March. Emergence was not synchronous in the population, and was estimated to occur over a 60–70 day period beginning around 10 February. The mean ascent rate of individuals was estimated to be 15–20 m day^–1, so that for any individual the ascent from a mean overwintering depth of 800 m to a depth of 100 m took between 35 and 47 days. The ascent migration resulted in the mass transfer of the C. finmarchicus stock from its overwintering habitat in the cold southerly flowing Norwegian Sea Deep Water of Arctic origin to warm northerly flowing Atlantic water masses. The extent of asynchrony suggests that emergence is probably not triggered by environmental cues. An alternative hypothesis for regulation of the life cycle is proposed that involves reduced development rates during the winter.  相似文献   

高浓度氧处理法阻断蚕卵滞育     

龚竞  尚杉  张育浩  颜嘉敏  朱勇 《华南农业大学学报》2020,41(1):61-68

【目的】比较高浓度氧处理法(高氧法)与传统HCl处理法(HCl法)阻断蚕卵滞育效果的差异,探讨高氧法阻断滞育在家蚕Bombyx mori转基因技术体系上的应用。【方法】采用高氧法和HCl法在产后20 h处理二化性蚕品种‘大造’,比较孵化率、孵化时间,调查高氧法的最佳处理条件;将高氧法应用于一化性蚕品种‘土耳其’和转基因二化性蚕品种‘大造’,调查其对一化性蚕品种蚕卵阻断滞育效果及转基因二化性蚕品种显微注射后蚕卵阻断滞育效果。【结果】高氧法对二化性蚕卵在孵化率、孵化时间上都与HCl法有相近的阻断滞育的效果,其最佳条件为产卵后20 h用体积分数为70%的O2处理40 h;该方法也能成功阻断一化性蚕品种,孵化率达(71±20)%;高氧法处理的显微注射转基因家蚕卵孵化率达到了(49±9)%,而对照组的孵化率为0。【结论】高氧法为今后生产上替代HCl法,采用安全环保的蚕卵阻断滞育技术,解决转基因蚕卵阻断滞育和提高转基因家蚕育种进度的关键问题提供了可行的新方法。  相似文献