多菌灵、硫磺对赤霉病菌和稻瘟病菌杀菌效果最佳配比选定的研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

侯明生  赵明富 《华中农业大学学报》1999,18(1):20-23

In this research,the toxicity of several mixtures,which w ere made by mi xing up two original medicines (Baristin,Sulphur) according to different proport ions,has been tested on F.gramineaurm andP.grisea in the laboratory res pec tively.The results show that each mixture of different proportion has inhibition ef fect to the growing hypha and has notab le sy nergistic effect compared to monomer Boristin or Sulphur. Among the three mixtur es with the proportions of Baristin to Sulphur being 12.5∶12.5,15∶10 and 10∶15, the CTC of each mixture to F. graminearum is separately 118.2,106.5 and 98.2, and to P.grisea is 105.6,101.1 and 98.1. Th e EC₅₀ value of each mixture to P.graminearum is 3749μg/L, 3565μg/L and 5389μg/L, while the EC₅₀ of monomer Baristin value is 2415μg/L and of mononer sulphur is 26800μg/L; to P.grisea,the EC₅₀ value of each mixture is 3375μg/L, 3228μg/L and 4007μg/L, while that of mononer Baristin is 2436μg/L and of monon er sulphur is 6640μg/L．Therefore the research suggests that the mixture with the proportion of Baristin to Surphur being 12.5 ∶12.5 has maximum CTC valu e and most notable synergistic effect to F. graminearum and P. grisea.  相似文献   

咯菌腈与戊唑醇复配对小麦赤霉病菌的增效作用研究     

姜佳  陈金鹏  魏江桥  郭旭昊  车志平  田月娥  陈根强  刘圣明 《中国农学通报》2022,38(6):116-120

研究旨在明确咯菌腈和戊唑醇复配剂抑制小麦赤霉病菌菌丝生长的最佳药剂配比.采用菌丝生长速率法测定了咯菌腈、戊唑醇及其复配剂对小麦赤霉病菌的有效抑制中浓度(EC50).采用wadley的增效比率法,评价了复配剂的增效作用.结果 显示,咯菌腈和戊唑醇对小麦赤霉病菌的EC50值分别为0.0205 μg/mL和0.1704 μg...  相似文献   

北京市及河北省小麦赤霉病菌群体遗传结构及生物学特性     

董杰  张金良  杨建国  张昊  冯洁 《植物保护》2016,42(6):116-121

本文分析了北京市与河北省小麦赤霉病菌群体遗传结构以及基础生物学特性。结果表明所有菌株均为禾谷镰刀菌(Fusarium graminearum),属于一个大的单一群体,群体内具有较高的遗传多样性。毒素化学型测定表明,北京与河北地区小麦真菌毒素污染的主要风险为DON与15ADON毒素。表型测定显示,与F.asiaticum群体相比,F.graminearum具有较高的产孢能力,而生长速率和产毒能力较低。该群体对主要杀菌剂多菌灵、戊唑醇和氰烯菌酯均无抗药性。  相似文献   

Resistance risk assessment for Fusarium graminearum to pydiflumetofen,a new succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor     

Hai‐Yan Sun  Jia‐he Cui  Bao‐hua Tian  Shu‐lin Cao  Xiang‐xiang Zhang  Huai‐Gu Chen 《Pest management science》2020,76(4):1549-1559

  相似文献   

辽宁省玉米茎腐病病原菌的研究   总被引：5，自引：2，他引：5  

宋佐衡  梁景颐 《沈阳农业大学学报》1990,21(3):214-218

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Fusarium graminearum sensu stricto和F.asiaticum在玉米秸秆和水稻秸秆上子囊壳形成的比较     

茹艳艳#  谢淑娜#  刘佳中  李保叶  孙静  郝俊杰 《植物保护》2023,49(2):152-161

为探究麦田前茬作物玉米秸秆和水稻秸秆上中国小麦赤霉病菌的两个优势种Fusarium graminearum sensu stricto (F.graminearum)和F.asiaticum子囊壳形成和发育成熟过程的差异,分别选择3株F.graminearum菌株(SE81,3-ADON型;LcA-2,15-ADON型;HX5-1,NIV型)和2株F.asiaticum菌株(M4A,3-ADON型;M31-2,NIV型),用其孢子悬浮液接种玉米秸秆和水稻秸秆,放置于花泥和地表两种环境条件下,比较接种不同菌株秸秆上子囊壳的形成和发育成熟情况及5个菌株对‘郑麦366’(高感小麦赤霉病品种)的致病力。结果表明：花泥环境下产生子囊壳的速度要快于地表,以玉米秸秆为载体子囊壳产生速度比水稻秸秆快且多数密度大,3个F.graminearum菌株(SE81、LcA-2和HX5-1)在同种秸秆相同环境下比2个F.asiaticum菌株(M4A和M31-2)产生子囊壳的速度快且子囊壳密度大。5个菌株在不同环境的不同秸秆上产生的子囊壳的成熟度均无规律,接种‘郑麦366’后其病情指数间有极显著差异(P<...  相似文献   

87种植物提取物抑菌活性初步研究     

王彩霞  兰妍彦  孟衍朴  王志颖  封英建  钟明娟  马树杰  张利辉  董金皋 《植物保护》2023,49(4):293-301

筛选和评价植物资源的抑菌活性是植物源农药研发的重要基础性工作?本研究以46科87种药用植物为试验材料, 以葡萄座腔菌Botryosphaeria dothidea和禾谷镰孢Fusarium graminearum为靶标菌, 采用生长速率法测定了不同植物乙醇提取物的抑菌活性, 初步筛选出具有抑菌活性的植物提取物; 在此基础上, 进一步测定了活性较高的植物提取物的抑菌毒力和抑菌谱, 以期为植物源杀菌剂的开发提供依据?结果显示, 在2 mg/mL浓度下, 厚朴Houpoea officinalis和麻叶蟛蜞菊Indocypraea montana提取物对葡萄座腔菌具有较好的抑菌活性, 抑制率分别为95.80%和78.31%; 厚朴?麦冬Ophiopogon japonicus和乌药Lindera aggregata提取物对禾谷镰孢具有较好的抑菌效果, 抑菌率分别为78.75%?66.52%和60.42%?进一步的毒力测定显示, 处理96 h后, 厚朴和麻叶蟛蜞菊提取物对葡萄座腔菌的EC50分别为0.10 mg/mL和1.57 mg/mL; 厚朴?乌药和麦冬提取物对禾谷镰孢的EC50分别为0.45?1.54 mg/mL和4.07 mg/mL?抑菌谱测定结果表明, 厚朴?麻叶蟛蜞菊?乌药及麦冬提取物对异旋孢腔菌Cochliobolus heterostrophus (野生型)的抑菌率以及厚朴提取物对异旋孢腔菌的抑菌效果较好, 抑菌率均达到90%以上; 厚朴?乌药和麻叶蟛蜞菊对拟轮枝镰孢Fusarium verticillioides的抑菌率在60%以上?由此可见, 厚朴和麻叶蟛蜞菊提取物对葡萄座腔菌突变体的抑菌活性较好; 厚朴?乌药和麦冬提取物对禾谷镰孢的抑菌活性较好, 且上述植物均具有较广的抑菌谱, 具有进一步研究价值?  相似文献   

Molecular cytogenetic analysis of a durum wheat ×Thinopyrum distichum hybrid used as a new source of resistance to Fusarium head blight in the greenhouse     

Q. Chen    F. Eudes    R. L. Conner    R. Graf    A. Comeau    J. Collin    F. Ahmad    R. Zhou    H. Li    Y. Zhao  A. Laroche   《Plant Breeding》2001,120(5):375-380

Fusarium head blight (FHB, scab), caused by Fusarium graminearum Schwabe, is a serious and damaging disease of wheat. Although some hexaploid wheat lines express a good level of resistance to FHB, the resistance available in hexaploid wheat has not yet been transferred to durum wheat. A germplasm collection of Triticum durum× alien hybrid lines was tested as a potential source of resistance to FHB under controlled conditions. Their FHB reaction was evaluated in three tests against conidial suspensions of three strains of F. graminearum at the flowering stage. Two T. durum×Thinopyrum distichum hybrid lines, ‘AFR4’ and ‘AFR5′, expressed a significantly higher level of resistance to the spread of FHB than other durum‐alien hybrid lines and a resistant common wheat line ‘Nyu‐Bay’. Genomic in situ hybridization using total genomic DNA from alien grass species demonstrated that ‘AFR5’ had 13 or 14 alien genome chromosomes plus 27 or 28 wheat chromosomes, while ‘AFR4’ had 22 alien genome and 28 wheat chromosomes. All of the alien chromosomes present in these two lines belonged to the J genome. ‘AFR5’ is likely to be more useful as a source of FHB resistance than ‘AFR4’ because of its relatively normal meiotic behaviour, high fertility and fewer number of alien chromosomes. ‘AFR5’ shows good potential as a source for transferring FHB resistance gene into wheat. The development of T. durum addition lines carrying resistance genes from ‘AFR5’ is underway.  相似文献   

Application of cycleave PCR to the detection of a point mutation (F167Y) in the β2‐tubulin gene of Fusarium graminearum     

Yiping Hou  Qingquan Luo  Changjun Chen  Mingguo Zhou 《Pest management science》2011,67(9):1124-1128

BACKGROUND: Resistance of Fusarium graminearum to the benzimidazole fungicide carbendazim is caused by point mutations in the β₂‐tubulin gene (FGSG_06611.3). The point mutation at codon 167 (TTT → TAT, F167Y) occurs in more than 90% of field isolates in China. It is important to find a suitable method for rapid detection and quantification of this point mutation in the F. graminearum populations. RESULTS: A pair of primers, Codon167F/Codon167R, were designed to amplify a fragment containing the mutation site, and two cycling probes labelled with different fluorescent reporters were used to detect whether the mutation was present. A cycleave real‐time PCR method was developed for rapid determination of the frequency of this point mutation in 282 F. graminearum perithecia collected from different fields in Jiangsu Province, China. The mutation frequency in ascospores from the perithecia to carbendazim by a spore germination assay was 6.0%, while the frequency of the point mutation at codon 167 by the cycleave real‐time PCR assay was 3.9%. CONCLUSION: The cycleave real‐time PCR method is suitable for accurate detection of the codon 167 point mutation. The frequency of this mutation in the β₂‐tubulin gene represents the resistance frequency in F. graminearum populations to carbendazim. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry  相似文献   

抗氰烯菌酯的禾谷镰刀菌nit突变体的诱导及其生物学特性   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

陈雨  陈长军  王建新  金丽华  周明国 《中国农业科学》2007,40(4):735-740

【目的】研究抗氰烯菌酯的禾谷镰刀菌nit突变体的生物学特性。【方法】将3个抗氰烯菌酯的禾谷镰刀菌（Fusarium graminearum Schw.）菌株分别在含氯酸盐的MMC培养基上培养，共获得了50个硝酸盐利用缺陷突变体(nit)。比较了抗性菌株的nit突变体与亲本在无性和有性阶段的主要生物学性状。【结果】抗性菌株的nit突变体与亲本在菌落生长速率、培养性状和致病性方面没有显著差异；但某些突变体中，产孢量和产子囊壳能力方面存在一定差异。此外，禾谷镰刀菌对氯酸盐和氰烯菌酯之间没有交互抗药性，且抗性可以稳定遗传。【结论】可以将nit作为遗传标记来研究禾谷镰刀菌对氰烯菌酯的抗药性遗传学。  相似文献