几种除草剂对水稻纹枯病菌的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

沈会芳  周而勋  戚佩坤 《植物保护学报》2002,29(3):249-253

研究了丁草胺、环庚草醚、草甘膦、苄嘧磺隆、吡嘧磺隆和环丙嘧磺隆6种除草剂对水稻纹枯病菌菌丝生长和菌核形成的影响。结果表明,在一定浓度范围内,6种除草剂均能抑制菌丝生长,减少菌核形成数量,且浓度越高,抑制能力越强,但在较高浓度范围内,除草剂可增加菌核体积;吡嘧磺隆在5μg/ml、环丙嘧磺隆在10μg/ml时可增加菌核形成数量;在含除草剂培养基上产生的菌核都可萌发。  相似文献   

植物生长调节剂在茄果类蔬菜上的应用进展   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

程晋美  周宝利 《长江蔬菜》2002,(5):30-32

概述了植物生长调节剂的作用和当前茄果类蔬菜作物栽培中常用生长调节剂的种类、主要作用及其调控生理基础，指出了植物生长调节剂使用应注意的问题及其应用前景。  相似文献   

氮磷钾混合肥对锥栗坚果产量和质量的影响   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

徐凤兰  王上伟  胡哲森  陆生泉 《落叶果树》2002,34(3):1-4

以 5年生锥栗为试树 ,进行土壤穴施氮磷钾混合肥试验 ,研究不同氮磷钾肥配比对锥栗坚果产量和质量的影响。结果表明 ,不同组合处理之间 ,除叶片的蛋白质含量和单株果枝数有显著差异外 ,叶绿素含量、单枝结棚数、单株结棚数、栗棚重、坚果重、出实率、单株棚产量和坚果产量的差异均不大。以穴施 0 .2 0kg尿素、0 .1 0kg钙镁磷和 0 .1 5kg氯化钾的混合肥较经济而有效  相似文献   

银杏实生树不同发育阶段个体内源激素含量的变化   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

王白坡  程晓建  戴文圣 《果树学报》2002,19(6):395-398

以不同年龄银杏实生树为试材,研究芽尖和叶片中内源激素赤霉素(GA3)、玉米素(ZT)、吲哚乙酸(IAA)和脱落酸(ABA)含量与个体发育阶段的关系。结果表明,7龄期和13龄期银杏实生树芽尖和叶片中上述4种内源激素含量无明显差别,同时与13龄期首次开花的雄株接近,但却和3龄期有显著差异。可见实生树在7龄期前后树高2.5～3.0m已处转变期;随后树体继续生长增高到12～13m,在13龄期前后首次出现雄花和雌花开始进入成年期。芽尖中上述4种内源激素水平不是转变期进入成年期的惟一控制因子。转变期长可能是实生树迟果的原因之一。  相似文献   

Effects of platelet-derived growth factor on DNA and collagen protein synthesis in human vascular fibroblasts     

REN Yu-sheng  WU Zong-gui  CUI Fang  JIA Guo-liang  YU Shi-qing  TANG Chao-wu  LI Bo 《园艺学报》2002,18(11):1377-1380

AIM: To investigate the effects of platelet-derived growth factor on DNA and collagen protein synthesis in human vascular fibroblasts. METHODS: In the present experiment, the human vascular fibroblasts were cultured and effects of platelet-derived growth factor-BB on DNA and collagen protein synthesis in human vascular fibroblasts were observed by using [³H]-TdR incorporation and [³H]-proline incorporation in vitro. RESULTS: Platelet-derived growth factor-BB significantly promoted NDA synthesis and collagen protein synthesis of quiescent human vascular fibroblasts, with a maximal response at a concentration of 30μg·L^-1at 24 h and 36 h, respectively. CONCLUSION: Platelet-derived growth factor-BB promotes DNA and collagen protein synthesis in cultured human vascular fibroblasts.  相似文献   

Variation of Parthenium hysterophorus in response to soil quality: implications for invasiveness   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

C Annapurna  & J S Singh 《Weed Research》2003,43(3):190-198

Summary The performance of Parthenium hysterophorus , native to the tropical Americas and invasive to several countries, was evaluated for response to soil quality. Phenological (six stages) and quantitative growth variables [relative growth rates in height (R_h) and diameter (R_d)] were measured every fortnight. Based on harvest data, the variables, root:shoot (R:S) ratio, specific leaf area (SLA), relative growth rate in biomass (R_w), net assimilation rate (NAR) and dry matter allocation to plant components, were determined. High clay content in soils prolonged the rosette stage, enhanced R_h and R_d and hampered root growth, but promoted biomass allocation to shoots. The extreme degree of plant mortality was observed, with only 33.3% individuals surviving to reproduce in the soils with highest clay contents. This appears to be one of the most important findings that certainly has a major bearing on the range of adaptation of the weed. Seed mass declined whereas seed production increased in relatively coarser soils with the exception of nearly pure sand. In soils rich in clay, plants produced a smaller number of larger seeds. These data suggest that variation in fundamental functional traits would enable P. hysterophorus to adjust to a variety of habitat conditions.  相似文献   

Laboratory evaluation of the insect growth regulator lufenuron againstHelicoverpa armigera on cotton     

Butter  N. S.  Singh  Gurmeet  Dhawan  A. K. 《Phytoparasitica》2003,31(2):200-203

An insect growth regulator (IGR), lufenuron (Match 5EC), was tested for its toxicity toHelicoverpa armigera on cotton. Potency of the IGR against the larval stage of the pest was demonstrated with respect to larval instars; the LC₉₀ values of 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th instar larvae were 5.63, 7.89, 8.03, 11.39 and 14.76 mg a.i.l ⁻¹, respectively. However, different larval instars did not differ significantly with respect to LC₅₀ and LC₁₀. IGR-treated larvae had swollen heads and were significantly smaller (1.5–2.3 mm) than the untreated control (2.9 mm). Larval weight was significantly reduced from 190 mg in the control to 50–70 mg in the lufenuron treatment. IGR treatment in the larval stage significantly affected both pupal length and pupal weight. Pupal duration of the test insect was significantly extended by IGR treatment. Pupal deformities, including an inability to shed the last larval skin and formation of larval-pupal intermediates, occurred following treatment. A significant reduction in adult emergence was recorded. In addition, abnormalities in the form of development of cavities in the forewings of adult were evident. A significant decline in fecundity was noted in the studies. http://www.phytoparasitica.org posting Feb. 3, 2003.  相似文献   

两系稻制种穗期病害发生较重的原因及防治措施     

刘自君  蒲祖康 《中国植保导刊》2003,23(9):7-9

调查分析稻粒黑粉病、穗颈稻瘟等两系杂交稻制种穗期主要病害的发生原因,提出了清除菌源、轮换制种、健身栽培、对口药剂防治等防治措施。  相似文献   

The ecological fitness of ALS-resistant Amaranthus retroflexus and multiple-resistant Amaranthus blitoides     

M Sibony  & B Rubin 《Weed Research》2003,43(1):40-47

Summary Field studies were conducted to evaluate the ecological fitness of Amaranthus spp. biotypes that evolved resistance to either acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibitors ( A. retroflexus , SuR), to triazine herbicides ( A. blitoides , SuS/TR), or to both ( A. blitoides , SuR/TR), and estimate their ecological fitness under competitive conditions. The plants were grown in monoculture and in replacement series experiments. The examined mixtures were 100%S, 75%S/25%R, 50%S/50%R, 25%S/75%R and 100%R, at a constant stand of 400 plants m⁻². The SuR and SuS A. retroflexus biotypes attained similar shoot dry biomass per plant, biomass per plot and relative yield total (RYT) = 1. In monoculture, the final shoot biomass of A. blitoides biotypes SuS/TS plants was higher than that of SuR/TR and SuS/TR. A negative effect of association was observed, amensalism, when SuS/TS was grown in mixture with SuR/TR, in favour of the wild type. However, SuR/TR and SuS/TR biomass was not influenced by the presence of the competitor. These data support the hypothesis that the ALS-resistance trait in A. retroflexus and A. blitoides is not associated with growth penalty and did not incur ecological cost in the field. We suggest that the cause of the observed reduction in growth rendering the SuS/TR and SuR/TR less fit than the wild type is due to the triazine resistance, and may facilitate their dissipation.  相似文献   

Restoration of tuber production by exposure to unshaded daylight in Eleocharis kuroguwai Ohwi shaded during the early tuber formation period     

TATSUYA INAMURA 《Weed Biology and Management》2003,3(1):1-7

The loss of final tuber weight of Eleocharis kuroguwai Ohwi by shading during the early tuber formation period (TFP) is overcome by exposure to unshaded daylight thereafter (late TFP). In the present study, the growth parameters that contribute to the dry matter increase (DMI) per day of tubers in the late TFP were examined. DMI of the tuber during the late TFP was determined by that of the whole plant and the ratio of the DMI of the tuber to that of the whole plant during this period. The ratio of the DMI of the tuber to that of the whole plant during the late TFP was significantly correlated with the DMI of the whole plant during the first 14 days of the late TFP. During the late TFP after the exposure to unshaded daylight, DMI of the whole plant correlated with the surface area of the stem (SAS) and net assimilation ratio (NAR), and the SAS correlated with the stem dry weight (DW) and specific stem-surface area (SSA). SSA negatively influenced NAR, but NAR was increased by unshading. During the late TFP after shading, the effect of the decrease of the stem DW due to shading on the DMI of the whole plant was mitigated by the large SAS and high NAR. These results indicate that the growth parameters that contribute to the DMI of tuber during the late TFP after exposure to unshaded daylight are SAS and NAR just after unshading, and SSA during this period.  相似文献