苏丹草和香根草作为诱虫植物对稻田二化螟种群的抑制作用评估   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

郑许松  徐红星  陈桂华  吴降星  吕仲贤 《中国生物防治》2009,25(4):299-303

室内测试了苏丹草和香根草对二化螟的产卵选择性和幼虫存活的影响,在田间进行了苏丹草和香根草控害效果的初步试验。结果表明,二化螟雌成虫对苏丹草和香根草均表现出较强的产卵选择性,产在苏丹草和香根草上的卵量分别是产在水稻上的3.02和4.56倍。两种诱虫植物均对二化螟幼虫具致死作用,二化螟幼虫在两种寄主上不能完成生活史。田间试验表明两种诱虫植物围绕的水稻小区内二化螟枯心率显著低于试验区外20m的对照小区。  相似文献   

Larvicidal and oviposition‐altering activity of monoterpenoids,trans‐anithole and rosemary oil to the yellow fever mosquito Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae)     

Ranil Waliwitiya  Christopher J Kennedy  Carl A Lowenberger 《Pest management science》2009,65(3):241-248

BACKGROUND: Aedes aegypti L. is the major vector of dengue fever and dengue hemorrhagic fever. In an effort to find effective tools for control programs to reduce mosquito populations, the authors assessed the acute toxicities of 14 monoterpenoids, trans‐anithole and the essential oil of rosemary against different larval stages of Ae. aegypti. The potential for piperonyl butoxide (PBO) to act as a synergist for these compounds to increase larvicidal activity was also examined, and the oviposition response of gravid Ae. aegypti females to substrates containing these compounds was evaluated in behavioral bioassays. RESULTS: Pulegone, thymol, eugenol, trans‐anithole, rosemary oil and citronellal showed high larvicidal activity against all larval stages of Ae. aegypti (LC₅₀ values 10.3–40.8 mg L^?1). The addition of PBO significantly increased the larvicidal activity of all test compounds (3–250‐fold). Eugenol, citronellal, thymol, pulegone, rosemary oil and cymene showed oviposition deterrent and/or repellent activities, while the presence of borneol, camphor and β‐pinene increased the number of eggs laid in test containers. CONCLUSIONS: This study quantified the lethal and sublethal effects of several phytochemical compounds against all larval stages of Aedes aegypti, providing information that ultimately may have potential in mosquito control programs through acute toxicity and/or the ability to alter reproductive behaviors. Copyright © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry  相似文献   

Insecticidal, antifeedant and oviposition deterrent effects of the essential oil and individual compounds from leaves of Chloroxylon swietenia DC     

Kiran SR  Reddy AS  Devi PS  Reddy KJ 《Pest management science》2006,62(11):1116-1121

Essential oil from the leaves of Chloroxylon swietenia DC. was obtained by hydrodistillation and cold extraction, and the chemical composition was determined by gas chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The major identified components were limonene, geijerene, pregeijerene, germacrene D and trans-beta-ocimene. Laboratory bioassays of the essential oil and four constituents of essential oil isolates were evaluated for insecticidal, antifeedant and oviposition deterrent effects on tobacco cutworm, Spodoptera litura (F.). Toxicity was determined by topical application of the isolates at varying concentrations. Pure oil, geijerene and pregeijerene were found to be more toxic, with LD50 values of 28.6, 35.4 and 40.7 microg per larva respectively. Maximum feeding deterrence was noted for geijerene and pregeijerene, with DC(50) values of 82.5 and 95.1 microg cm(-2) respectively. Furthermore, pure oil, geijerene and pregeijerene displayed oviposition deterrence, even at low concentrations. These results indicate that these natural products may lead to useful, biodegradable, environmentally safe insect control agents.  相似文献   

不同施肥水平对水稻上白背飞虱种群的影响   总被引：6，自引：1，他引：5  

蒋明星  程家安 《中国水稻科学》2003,17(3):270-274

摘要: 研究了施不同水平有机肥和化肥的钵栽水稻（汕优63）上白背飞虱的发育、存活和繁殖情况。有机肥（腐熟猪粪）和化肥（尿素、过磷酸钙和氯化钾）分别设低（N 200、P 230和K 95 mg/钵）、中（N 400、P 460和K 190 mg/钵）和高（N 600、P 690和K 285 mg/钵）3个水平处理,于移栽前施于盆钵中,施肥1周后的稻苗（27 d龄）供试。结果表明,当施肥水平较低时,各种群参数在两类肥料处理间的差异较小;但当施肥提高至中、高水平时,与施化肥相比,施有机肥水稻上的白背飞虱卵孵化率和若虫存活率显著降低,若虫历期较长,产卵历期较短,产卵量较小,种群内禀增长率明显降低。表明与施化肥相比,施有机肥明显不利于白背飞虱种群的增长。  相似文献   

黄杜鹃提取物对小菜蛾的产卵忌避和杀卵作用   总被引：24，自引：0，他引：24       下载免费PDF全文

钟国华  胡美英  章玉苹  周晓梅 《华南农业大学学报》2000,21(3):40-43

报道了闹羊花素 III(简称R III)和黄杜鹃花乙酸乙酯 (EtOAc)萃取物等对小菜蛾 (PlutellaxylostellaL .)的产卵忌避和杀卵作用 .在非选择性和选择性试验处理后 72h ,R III(ρ =0 5g·L-1)的产卵忌避率分别为 77 5 4%和80 1 3% ,EtOAc萃取物 (ρ =5g·L-1)的忌避率分别为 5 5 86 %和 6 6 0 1 % .经R III和EtOAc萃取物处理后 ,叶背与叶面卵数之比显著变小 ,卵孵化率明显降低 以 ρ =0 1g·L-1R III处理后 5d ,杀卵率可达 6 6 % .  相似文献   

草地贪夜蛾的产卵节律及其对不同介质的产卵选择性     

金涛  林玉英  马光昌  向凯萍  楚小强  彭正强  易克贤 《植物保护》2020,46(3):99-103

草地贪夜蛾是2019年新入侵我国的重大农业害虫,对我国粮食生产安全构成了严重威胁。本文在室内条件下,观察记录了雌成虫的产卵节律及其对不同介质的产卵选择性。结果表明,草地贪夜蛾平均最高日产卵量可达229.3粒/头,且主要集中在羽化后7 d内产卵,占总产卵量的68.1%;产卵主要在20:00-05:00进行;在玉米老叶和牛皮纸上的产卵量显著高于玉米心叶、复印纸、玻璃壁和棉花等介质上的产卵量,分别占总产卵量的32.6%和31.1%。这些结果表明,草地贪夜蛾成虫具有较强的繁殖能力和产卵节律性,对玉米老叶片具有显著的产卵偏好。  相似文献   

Nonanal modulates oviposition preference in female Helicoverpa assulta (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) via the activation of peripheral neurons     

Chan Wang  Guannan Li  Changjian Miao  Man Zhao  Bing Wang  Xianru Guo 《Pest management science》2020,76(9):3159-3167

  相似文献   

寄主大小棉铃虫齿唇姬蜂产卵和发育的关系   总被引：5，自引：4，他引：5  

王琛柱 《中国生物防治》2001,17(3):107-111

以在27℃下、室内人工饲养的棉铃早和棉铃早齿蜃 为材料，研究了寄主大小对棉铃虫齿唇姬蜂产卵和生长发育的影响。结果表明，寄主大小对雌蜂产卵有显著的影响。寄生率随寄主体重增加而降低，在被寄生产卵的棉铃虫幼虫中，体重小于18mg的占92％，大于18mg的幼虫不适宜该寄生蜂产卵；人工饲料上饲养的棉铃虫幼虫，自孵化后的136h为适合被寄生的时段，对数据的相关和回归分析表明，寄主寄生时体重与蜂近似幼虫体重、蜂近似幼虫体重与成蜂体重均呈显著的正相关，尤其在雌蜂上表现得更为显著；成蜂在一定的范围内，体重越大，寿命越长，体重过大或过小，寿命均有下降的趋势，寄主大小对的发育历期无显著影响。  相似文献   

Effect of buprofezin on adult life span,oviposition, egg hatch and progeny production of the cotton whitefly,Bemisia Tabaci     

S. Pathummal Beevi  M. Balasubramanian 《Phytoparasitica》1991,19(1):33-47

The 50% survival ofBemisia tabaci Genn. females was reduced to 5.9 days by exposure to bean seedlings treated with 1000 ppm buprofezinvs 8.9 days in the control. At lower concentrations ranging from 50 to 500 ppm, survival was extended to 11.8–14.2 days. Mean fecundity was significantly reduced on plants treated with 1000 ppm as compared with the control, whereas at 50 to 500 ppm the oviposition period was extended with a considerable increase in mean fecundity, irrespective of concentrations. Overall mean percent hatch dropped gradually from 25.8 to 12.9 with increase of concentration from 50 to 1000 ppm, as against 96.9% in the control. The survival of hatched nymphs was greatly affected at all buprofezin concentrations. No immature stages survived at 50, 100, 250 and 500 ppm; nymphal survival was 13.8, 7.0, 1.9 and 1.2%, respectively, as against 81.6% in the control.  相似文献   

不同生长期苦瓜对瓜实蝇产卵选择的影响     

李磊  冯子文  牛黎明  张方平  韩冬银  符悦冠 《热带作物学报》2016,36(8):52-55

瓜实蝇(Bactrocera cucurbitae)是苦瓜(Momordica charantia)的一种重要入侵性害虫，评估其在不同生长期苦瓜上的产卵偏好，旨在摸清该虫的防治适期。本研究选取了不同生长期的苦瓜，通过设定选择性和非选择性测试，在室内研究了不同生长期损伤和未损伤的苦瓜对瓜实蝇产卵偏好的影响。结果表明：不同生长期的苦瓜显著影响了瓜实蝇的产卵偏好。针对无损伤的苦瓜，瓜实蝇偏好在谢花2～5和6～8 d后的苦瓜上产卵；针对损伤的苦瓜，除谢花1 d的苦瓜外，瓜实蝇在其它生长期苦瓜上的产卵偏好无显著性差异。基于本研究，对于无损伤的苦瓜，谢花2～8 d是预防和防治瓜实蝇的关键时期；而苦瓜一旦损伤，除谢花1 d外所有生长期均应提防瓜实蝇的为害。  相似文献