Tomato dwarf leaf curl virus, a new bipartite geminivirus associated with tomatoes and peppers in Jamaica and mixed infection with tomato yellow leaf curl virus     

Roye  Wernecke  McLaughlin  Nakhla  & Maxwell 《Plant pathology》1999,48(3):370-378

Genomic characterization using nonradioactive probes, polymerase chain reaction with degenerate primers for whitefly transmitted geminiviruses and nucleotide sequencing were used to describe a new bipartite geminivirus, associated with dwarfing and leaf curling of tomatoes and peppers in Jamaica. Partial DNA-A and DNA-B clones were obtained. DNA sequence analysis showed that tomato and pepper samples have a similar geminivirus associated with them. Nucleotide sequence identity > 92% between the common regions of DNA-A and DNA-B confirmed the bipartite nature of the Jamaican geminivirus isolates. Nucleotide sequence comparisons of DNA-A and DNA-B with those of geminiviruses representing the major phylogenetic groups of Western Hemisphere geminiviruses showed the greatest similarity to potato yellow mosaic virus and members of the Abutilon mosaic virus cluster of geminiviruses. This new virus is given the name tomato dwarf leaf curl virus (TDLCV) because of the dwarfing and leaf curling symptoms associated with infected tomato plants. Polymerase chain reaction and Southern hybridization showed mixed infections of TDLCV with tomato yellow leaf curl virus from Israel in 16% of the field samples of tomatoes and peppers.  相似文献   

等位基因频率资料的分支分类方法     

Zhou Hougao  Zhu Jun 《广西农业生物科学》1999,(Z1)

等位基因频率资料是群体遗传学的重要资料,也是进化生物学的重要资料。本文讨论了利用此类资料重构生物类群系统发育的分支分类方法。常用的分支分类方法为检约性方法和统计分五分类方法。俭约性方法中主要分为三类：数据转换方法、距离叠加树方法和频率空间重建系统发育的方法。同时对不同方法的特点和不足作了讨论。  相似文献   

Investigation of mitochondrial DNA genetic diversity and phylogeny of goats worldwide          下载免费PDF全文

GUO Yi  GONG Ying  HE Yong-meng  YANG Bai-gao  ZHANG Wei-yi  CHEN Bo-er  HUANG Yong-fu  ZHAO Yong-ju  ZHANG Dan-ping  MA Yue-hui  CHU Ming-xing  E Guang-xin 《农业科学学报》2022,21(6):1830-1837

Genetic diversity, population structure, and population expansion of goats worldwide (4 165 individuals from 196 breeds) were analyzed using published mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) D_loop hypervariable region sequences. Results showed that 2 409 haplotypes and 301 polymorphic sites were present within the 401-bp length D_loop region, the nucleotide diversity (Pi) was 0.03471, and the haplotype diversity (Hd) was 0.9983. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that 98.92% of haplotypes were divided into six obvious clusters, consistent with the classification of the known mitochondrial haplogroups of goats. Haplogroup A accounted for the largest proportion (86%). Interestingly, two unknown divisions (Unknown I and Unknown II) were discovered from goats in Southwest China, suggesting that Southwest China has unique maternal haplogroups. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) and the average number of pairwise differences between populations (PiXY) indicated that geographical variation was small but significant. Neutrality tests (Tajima's D and Fu's F_S tests) and mismatch distribution showed that haplogroups B, C, and G had expansion histories. In addition, the phylogenetic relationship between domestic and wild goats suggested that Capra aegagrus is the most likely wild ancestor and may have participated in the domestication of ancestral populations of A, B, C, and F haplogroups. A meta-analysis on the mtDNA sequences of goats from international databases was conducted to analyze goats’ genetic diversity, population structure, and matrilineal system evolution worldwide. The results may help further understand the domestication history and gene flow of goats worldwide.  相似文献   

Life cycle inference and phylogeny of Ortholinea labracis n. sp. (Myxosporea: Ortholineidae), a parasite of the European seabass Dicentrarchus labrax (Teleostei: Moronidae), in a Portuguese fish farm          下载免费PDF全文

L F Rangel  S Rocha  G Casal  R Castro  R Severino  C Azevedo  F Cavaleiro  M J Santos 《Journal of fish diseases》2017,40(2):243-262

Ortholinea labracis n. sp. is described and its life cycle is inferred from a Southern Portuguese fish farm, with basis on microscopic and molecular procedures. This myxosporean parasite infects the urinary bladder of the European seabass Dicentrarchus labrax and the intestinal epithelium of a marine oligochaete of the genus Tectidrilus. Myxospores subspherical in valvular view and ellipsoidal in sutural view measuring 7.6 ± 0.3 (6.8–8.7) μm in length, 7.2 ± 0.2 (6.7–7.7) μm in width and 6.5 ± 0.4 (5.8–7.7) μm in thickness. Two polar capsules, 3.0 ± 0.2 (2.6–3.4) μm long and 2.4 ± 0.1 (2.0–2.9) μm wide, located at the same level, but with divergent orientation and opening to opposite sides of the suture line. Sequencing of the SSU rRNA gene revealed a similarity of 100% between the analysed myxospores and triactinomyxon actinospores. The phylogenetic setting of O. labracis n. sp. shows subgrouping in correlation with tissue tropism, but identifies this parasite as another exception to the main division of Myxosporea into the main freshwater and marine lineages.  相似文献   

两种大眼蟹线粒体12S rRNA基因序列的比较研究     

徐敬明 《水产科学》2009,28(12)

测定了宽身大眼蟹和日本大眼蟹线粒体12S rRNA基因部分片段的序列,前者为577 bp, 后者为572 bp.二者的核苷酸序列A、T、G、C的含量相似,分别为39.0%、35.7%、16.5%、8.8%;39.3%、 36.2%、 15.8%、8.7%;不包括11处插入/缺失位点,两序列间有75个变异位点,核苷酸差异率为13.18%,其中转换42个、颠换33个, 转换与颠换比约为1.3.对国内外4种大眼蟹长度为331 bp的12S rRNA基因同源序列进行分析,A+T的平均含量为76.6%,明显高于G+C的平均含量,且存有变异位点52个,简约信息位点25个.系统发生树的拓扑结构显示,所有的大眼蟹聚为一支,支持大眼蟹类为一单系.  相似文献   

条斑紫菜细胞质甘油醛-3-磷酸脱氢酶的cDNA克隆和序列分析   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

马凌波  张凤英 《海洋渔业》2004,26(4):300-305

利用已知甘油醛-3-磷酸脱氢酶(GAPDH)的特征性保守区域获得的探针筛选条斑紫菜cDNA文库,获得了1个全长的cDNA克隆GAP2,编码细胞质甘油醛-3-磷酸脱氢酶(GAPC)。其中GAP2 cDNA插入片段为1596bp,包括一个1008bp的开放阅读框编码336个氨基酸的细胞质甘油醛-3-磷酸脱氢酶(GAPC)蛋白。将获得的GAPC蛋白的氨基酸序列与其它物种的GAPDH序列进行多重序列比较后,发现条斑紫菜的GAPC氨基酸序列包含了4个高度保守的结构域。条斑紫菜GAPC的cDNA序列中GC含量很高,为64．2％,与紫菜EST分析中得到的结果(65．2％)近似。通过GAPDH的分子发育进化分析,对红藻的分类地位进行了初步探讨,条斑紫菜的细胞质甘油醛-3-磷酸脱氢酶的cDNA序列已登记到GenBank数据库,序列号分别为：AY273820。  相似文献   

叶甲科的系统学研究进展   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

方雪梅  张大治  郑哲民 《农业科学研究》2005,26(3):79-82

叶甲科昆虫是农业、林业及牧业的重要害虫．从叶甲科的分类简史、化石研究、形态学、细胞学以及分子生物学等方面综述了叶甲科昆虫的系统分类学研究,为进一步研究叶甲的生物学特性,寻求防治对策提供理论基础．  相似文献   

Shallow Hydrothermal Vent Bacteria and Their Secondary Metabolites with a Particular Focus on Bacillus     

Revathi Gurunathan  Arthur James Rathinam  Jiang-Shiou Hwang  Hans-Uwe Dahms 《Marine drugs》2021,19(12)

Extreme environments are hostile for most organisms, but such habitats represent suitable settings to be inhabited by specialized microorganisms. A marine shallow-water hydrothermal vent field is located offshore in northeast Taiwan, near the shallow shore of the southeast of Kueishantao Island (121°55′ E, 24°50′ N). Research on extremophilic microorganisms makes use of the biotechnological potential associated with such microorganisms and their cellular products. With the notion that extremophiles are capable of surviving in extreme environments, it is assumed that their metabolites are adapted to function optimally under such conditions. As extremophiles, they need specific culture conditions, and only a fraction of species from the original samples are recovered in culture. We used different non-selective and selective media to isolate bacterial species associated with the hydrothermal vent crab Xenograpsus testudinatus and the sediments of its habitat. The highest number of colonies was obtained from Zobell marine agar plates with an overall number of 29 genetically distinct isolates. 16S RNA gene sequencing using the Sanger sequencing method revealed that most of the bacterial species belonged to the phylum Firmicutes and the class Bacilli. The present study indicates that hydrothermal vent bacteria and their secondary metabolites may play an important role for the reconstruction of the evolutionary history of the phylum Procaryota.  相似文献   

Presence and genetic variability of Piscine orthoreovirus genotype 1 (PRV‐1) in wild salmonids in Northern Europe and North Atlantic Ocean     

Niccol Vendramin  Argelia Cuenca  Juliane Srensen  Anna L. F. Alencar  Debes H. Christiansen  Jan A. Jacobsen  Charlotte Axen  Franois Lieffrig  Neil M. Ruane  Patrick Martin  Timothy Sheehan  Tine M. Iburg  Espen Rimstad  Niels J. Olesen 《Journal of fish diseases》2019,42(8):1107-1118

Piscine orthoreovirus genotype 1 (PRV‐1) is widespread in farmed Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) populations in northern Europe, Canada and Chile. PRV‐1 occurs in wild fish in Norway and Canada; however, little information of its geographical distribution in wild populations is currently available, and the effect of PRV‐1 infection in wild populations is currently unknown. In this study, we present the findings of a survey conducted on 1,130 wild salmonids sampled in Denmark, Sweden, Ireland, Faroe Islands, France, Belgium and Greenland between 2008 and 2017. PRV‐1 is reported for the first time in wild salmonids in Denmark, Sweden, Faroe Island and Ireland. The annual PRV‐1 prevalence ranged from 0% in France, Belgium and Greenland to 43% in Faroe Islands. In total, 66 samples tested positive for PRV‐1, including Atlantic salmon broodfish returning to spawn and Atlantic salmon collected at the feeding ground north of Faroe Islands. The phylogenetic analysis of S1 sequences of the PRV‐1 isolates obtained in this survey did not show systematic geographical distribution. This study sheds light on the spread and genetic diversity of the virus identified in populations of free‐living fish and provides rationale for screening wild broodfish used in restocking programmes.  相似文献   

Evolutionary analysis of plant jacalin-related lectins (JRLs) family and expression of rice JRLs in response to Magnaporthe oryzae     

Yi-juan HAN  Zhen-hui ZHONG  Lin-lin SONG  Olsson Stefan  Zong-hua WANG  Guo-dong LU 《农业科学学报》2018,17(6):1252-1266

Jacalin-related lectins (JRLs) are widely distributed carbohydrate-binding proteins in the plant kingdom, which play key roles in development and pathogen defense. In this study, we profiled evolutionary trajectory of JRLs family in 30 plant species and identified domain diversification and recombination leading to different responsive patterns of JRLs in rice during defense against rice blast. All of 30 plant species analyzed in our study have two types of JRLs by containing either a single jacalin or repeated jacalin domains, while chimeric jacalins exist in more than half of the species, especially in the Poaceae family. Moreover, Poaceae species have evolved two types of unique chimeric JRLs by fusing the jacalin domain(s) with dirigent or NB_ARC domain, some of which positively regulate plant immunity. Seven Poaceae-specific JRLs are found in the rice genome. We further found expression of rice JRLs, including four Poaceae-specific JRLs, are induced by Magnaporthe oryzae infections at either early or late infection stages. Overall, the results present the evolutionary trajectory of JRLs in plant and highlight essential roles of Poaceae specific JRLs against pathogen attacks in rice.  相似文献