Genetic engineering of cereal crop plants: a review     

A. Jähne  D. Becker  H. Lörz 《Euphytica》1955,85(1-3):35-44

Summary Many aspects of basic and applied problems in plant biology can be investigated by transformation techniques. In dicotyledonous species, the ability to generate transgenic plants provides the tools for an understanding of plant gene function and regulation as well as for the directed transfer of genes of agronomic interest.For many dicotyledonous plants Agrobacterium tumefaciens can be routinely used to introduce foreign DNA into their genome. However, cereals seem to be recalcitrant to Agrobacterium-mediated transformation.In cereals, many efforts have been made in recent years to establish reliable transformation techniques. Several transformation techniques have been developed but to date only three methods have been found to be suitable for obtaining transgenic cereals: transformation of totipotent protoplasts, particle bombardment of regenerable tissues and, more recently, tissue electroporation. The current state of transformation methods used for cereals will be reviewed.  相似文献   

烟草原生质体再生植株的影响因子     

陈名红  陈学军  熊立 《种子》2007,26(5):4-7

原生质体培养和植株再生技术是植物生物工程的基础，植物原生质体的来源、酶解的条件、培养基的组成、培养方法等对原生质体的培养有很大的影响。本文着重对影响烟草原生质体培养再生植株的相关因素进行了综合论述，并讨论了原生质体培养技术在植物育种上的应用潜力。  相似文献   

Cell lines and plants obtained after protoplast fusions of Rosa+Rosa,Rosa+Prunus and Rosa+Rubus     

Squirrell  J.  Mandegaran  Z.  Yokoya  K.  Roberts  A. V.  Mottley  J. 《Euphytica》2005,146(3):223-231

Summary Protoplasts of three Rosa cultivars were fused with each other, with protoplasts of Prunus `Colt' and with protoplasts of Rubus laciniatus, using polyethylene glycol 4000 as a fusogen. Protoplasts of Prunus were incapable of cell division and those of Rosa and Rubus were disabled by treatments with metabolic inhibitors, either iodoacetate (IOA) or rhodamine 6-G (R6G). Parental protoplasts were then fused in combinations that required complementation for their survival. RAPD analysis of 41 fusion-derived cell lines showed that two lines resulting from fusions of Rosa + Rosa and one from a fusion of Rosa + Prunus, contained some DNA markers from both fusion partners. The others contained markers of only one fusion parent. This showed that after protoplast fusion, the heterokaryons did not develop into cell lines with stable hybrid nuclei. Plants regenerated from cell lines derived from Rosa + Prunus and Rosa + Rubus fusions contained DNA markers of only Rosa and their DNA amounts were no greater than that of the Rosa parent. However, they differed morphologically from the Rosa parent to a remarkable degree, possibly because they inherited undetected genes of Prunus or Rubus, or because they were somaclonal variants of the Rosa parent. Alternative strategies for the production of somatic hybrids are discussed.  相似文献   

甘蔗和烟草幼叶原生质体分离前后的膜透性与脯氨酸含量的变化     

何若天  覃伟 《广西农业生物科学》2002,21(4):255-257

甘蔗和烟草等幼叶经细胞壁降解酶水解细胞壁所获新鲜的原生质体的电解质外渗率和脯氨酸含量均有所提高，其中以野生蔗斑茅原生质体电解质外渗率最高，甘蔗原生质体的次之，烟草原生质体的最少；甘蔗原生质体的脯氨酸增量最高，斑茅原生质体的次之，烟草原生质体的最低。表明烟草原生质体受损程度低于甘蔗和斑芽等原生质体。  相似文献   

原生质体再生植株变异及其在植物育种上的应用   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：4  

刘继红  徐小勇  邓秀新 《华中农业大学学报》2003,22(3):301-306

原生质体再生植株发生变异的现象较为普遍，已涉及到很多作物，变异的类型较多，主要有染色体变异、形态和农艺性状变性、抗性变异等，产生变异的机理主要有遗传和生理两方面，此类变异有其优点和不足，但无庸置疑的是原生质体再生植株遗传变异为植物育种提供了大量可供选择和利用的材料。  相似文献   

虫生真菌研究展望   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

李增智 《安徽农业大学学报》1987,(3)

本文综述了生物工程技术在虫生真菌菌种选育工作中的作用,强调了制剂问题的意义及对剂型的具体要求,分析了虫生真菌在有害生物综合治理(IPM)系统中的地位及作用方式,评论了流行病学研究的动向及重要意义。  相似文献   

利用同源菌株融合改良农抗5102产生菌Ⅰ.原生质体的制备、再生和融合     

张修军  周启 《华中农业大学学报》1997,16(1)

报道了农抗５１０２产生菌同源菌株９０－１１、ＦＲ－００８及ＷＨ－１相互之间融合研究的前期结果。３菌株原生质体制备的适宜酶解温度和时间均为３２℃和１．０～１．５ｈ，但所需溶菌酶量则有异：９０－１１为２～４ｍｇ／ｍｌ，ＦＲ－００８为６ｍｇ／ｍｌ，ＷＨ－１为２ｍｇ／ｍｌ。将各菌株的原生质体在－２０℃下冻存１个月内的相对再生率可维持在７０％以上，２个月以内仍可达６０％以上。以５０％ＰＥＧ１０００诱导融合各组合的融合频率是，９０－１１×ＷＨ－１为１０－２，ＦＲ－００８×－９０－１１以及ＦＲ－００８×ＷＨ－１均为１０－３。  相似文献   

难栽培食用菌原生质体融合技术研究进展     

邹莉  孟雪  李绍鹏 《黑龙江农业科学》2006,(2):67-69

大多数难栽培食用菌都与植物有共生或寄生关系,人工栽培出菇问题一直无法解决.原生质体融合技术是近几年来迅速发展起来的细胞工程育种技术,它去除了细胞壁的屏障,实现了远缘杂交,为难栽培食用菌育种提供了新方法.本文着重介绍了难栽培食用菌原生质体融合技术,并概括了其发展前景.  相似文献   

培养条件对大白菜无菌苗叶肉原生质体培养的影响     

李世君  孟征  盛方镜  李德葆 《浙江大学学报(农业与生命科学版)》1992,(2)

以市售栽培品种城青2号、高脚白大白菜无菌苗叶肉原生质体为材料,分别就激素、原生质体的培养密度、培养方式、多胺类物质对细胞分裂频率以及后期发育的影响进行了系统的研究.还探讨了在原生质体培养10天后加入提高了pH值的培养液来控制细胞褐化的可能性.  相似文献   

软枣猕猴桃原生质体培养与细胞团再生的初步研究   总被引：7，自引：1，他引：7  

朱道圩  秦永华  郅玉宝  易明林  陈占宽  胡湛 《河南农业大学学报》2001,35(3):221-224

以软猕猴桃叶片、叶片愈伤组织为材料，研究了影响原生质体分离和培养的因素。结果表明，原生质体分离，酶液配方2优于配方1，成龄叶片优于幼龄叶片；培养方法以浅层培养法最好；改良MS液体培养基培养愈伤组织原生质体，5-7d出现第一次细胞分裂，14d出现第2次细胞分裂，30d形成多细胞团，55d形成肉眼可见的小愈伤组织。  相似文献