诱抗剂对水稻幼苗耐盐性的诱导作用   总被引：6，自引：4，他引：2  

方良俊  符小琴  叶群珊  张星福  符垂康 《核农学报》2006,20(4):273-276,308

本试验对水稻幼苗做诱抗剂处理并进行盐胁迫,测定了不同品种幼苗各性状耐盐性诱导率,并进一步对品种R6幼苗的生理特性分析。结果表明,诱抗剂对不同水稻品种幼苗的耐盐性诱导率有明显差异,品种R6的根长诱导率最高;用诱抗剂处理水稻品种R6后,耐盐能力比盐胁迫对照显著提高,表现为增加了根系活跃吸收表面积、叶绿素含量和可溶性糖含量,明显增强了根系活力,降低丙二醛含量。诱抗剂还具有调节IAA和ABA内源激素含量及其分布的作用。  相似文献   

盐胁迫对野生樱桃幼苗生长的影响及其耐盐性分析     

徐慧洁  杨静慧  刘艳军  李建科  刘婷  龚无缺 《中国果业信息》2014,43(3)

为了扩大樱桃的栽培区域、在沿海大城市周边轻度盐碱地上栽培,试验以野生樱桃砧木实生苗四川樱桃、黑山樱、大青叶为试验材料,通过不同浓度的盐胁迫处理（0、0.2%、0.4%、0.6% NaCl）和植株的各项生长指标测定（株高、茎粗、叶片数和叶面积）,比较了野生樱桃的耐盐性。结果显示：在盐胁迫下,大青叶樱桃相对株高、茎粗、叶片数、叶面积的平均值均最大,黑山樱除相对茎粗平均值外,其余3项生长指标均高于四川樱桃。隶属函数综合分析显示,3种野生樱桃幼苗生长期的耐盐性为：大青叶>黑山樱 >四川樱桃。  相似文献   

盐胁迫下2种樱桃叶片解剖结构的变化     

武春霞  陈兴华  杨静慧  王丹丹  李茜  刘婷 《中国果业信息》2014,43(5)

为了筛选耐盐樱桃砧木,用于天津市周边轻度盐碱地区栽培,本试验通过徒手切片的方法,研究了两种樱桃砧木在盐胁迫下的叶片解剖结构变化。结果表明：在盐胁迫下,四川樱桃的叶片增厚了3.99%,大青叶的减少了2.68%;大青叶的表皮层细胞增厚了23.6%,四川樱桃的减少了3.84%;大青叶的角质层增厚3.57%,四川樱桃的减少了18.31%;四川樱桃的栅栏组织层变化不大,大青叶的减少了16.42%;四川樱桃的海绵组织层增厚了31.96%,大青叶的增厚了21.27%;四川樱桃的栅栏组织和海绵组织层厚度的比值变小、减少了29.17%,大青叶的减少了20.80%。盐胁迫使大青叶叶片表皮细胞层变厚,角质层加厚,栅栏组织层变薄,海绵组织层加厚,整个叶片变薄。盐胁迫使四川樱桃表皮细胞层变薄,角质层变薄,海绵组织层加厚,整个叶片变厚。从盐胁迫下的2种樱桃叶片结构的变化综合分析认为大青叶的耐盐性明显高于四川樱桃。  相似文献   

外源茉莉酸甲酯缓解盐对水稻种子萌发的抑制作用   总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9  

庞延军  戎鑫  施丽丽 《华南农业大学学报》2006,27(1):113-116

在100 mmol/L NaC l胁迫下,经蒸馏水吸胀处理的LHN(耐盐)和IR26(盐敏感)水稻种子的发芽势、发芽率和发芽指数均较对照下降,LHN分别下降12.2%、12.5%和3.12,IR26分别下降46.6%、33.6%和9.42,IR26下降的幅度大于LHN.吸胀后,不同质量浓度(2、1、5×10-2、5×10-4和5×10-6mg/L)的外源茉莉酸甲酯(M e-Ja)对LHN和IR26在盐胁迫下发芽势、发芽率和发芽指数影响不同.以相对盐害率判断,质量浓度为2和5×10-6mg/L的Me-Ja对LHN在盐胁迫下萌发的促进作用不显著,质量浓度为5×10-2和5×10-4mg/L的M e-Ja表现为促进作用,质量浓度为5×10-2mg/L的M e-Ja促进作用最大;而对于IR26在盐胁迫下的萌发,5种质量浓度的M e-Ja的都具有显著的促进作用,且质量浓度为5×10-4mg/L的促进作用最大.  相似文献   

盐胁迫对羽衣甘蓝种子萌发的影响          下载免费PDF全文

彭妞  王琳 《现代农业研究》2020,(5):61-65

为探明盐胁迫对羽衣甘蓝种子萌发特性的影响,明确种子萌发期对盐胁迫的耐受能力,本试验以羽衣甘蓝种子为试验材料,研究不同浓度的NaCL（0、40、80、120、160、200mmol/l）和NaHCO（3 0、20、30、40、50、60mmol/l）对种子萌发胁迫的作用。结果表明:1、2 种盐胁迫处理下,羽衣甘蓝种子的发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数和活力指数等指标均随着盐浓度的升高逐渐降低;2、高浓度的NaHCO³盐溶液对羽衣甘蓝种子的胚根、胚芽的生长抑制较NaCL 盐溶液显著;3、2 种盐  相似文献   

干旱区平原水库坝后排水沟对下游农田土壤水盐运移的影响     

黄风  严新军  毛海涛  王琳 《干旱地区农业研究》2020,38(2):44-50

干旱区平原水库的渗漏会抬高坝后农田地下水位,使土壤发生盐渍化,许多土地因此减产甚至弃耕。坝后设置排水沟是一种有效控制农田地下水位的措施。本研究采用排水沟调控坝后农田的地下水位,并利用HYDRUS模拟出在不同地下水位和深度的条件下土壤含水率与含盐量的变化情况,将实测数据与模拟数据相互对比,检验出模拟值的可靠度。研究结果表明:地下水位通过排水沟从1 m降到3 m,表层含盐量相差1.49～33.19 g·L~(-1),因此排水沟遏制地下水位越深,水盐运移越不明显,次生盐渍化越不容易发生,反之,则容易发生土壤盐渍化;地下水位相同时,土体种植植物可以降低含水率和含盐量,其中含水率最大变化为6.33%,含盐量仅相差0.08～4.56 g·L~(-1)左右,而且随着土层深度增加其影响的程度也逐渐减小。设置排水沟是解决坝后农田土壤盐渍化的较好方式。  相似文献   

Hormetic effect of glyphosate persists during the entire growth period and increases sugarcane yield     

Renata P Pincelli‐Souza  Fernanda PAP Bortolheiro  Caio A Carbonari  Edivaldo D Velini  Marcelo de A Silva 《Pest management science》2020,76(7):2388-2394

  相似文献   

Challenges for the sustainable use of water and land resources under a changing climate and increasing salinization in the Jizzakh irrigation zone of Uzbekistan     

Rashid KULMATOV  Jasur MIRZAEV  Jilili ABUDUWAILI  Bakhtiyor KARIMOV 《干旱区科学》2020,12(1):90-103

Jizzakh Province in Uzbekistan is one of the largest irrigated areas in Central Asia without natural drainage.In combination with aridity,climate change and extensive irrigation practices,this has led to the widespread salinization of agricultural land.The aim of this study was to identify opportunities to improve the reclamation status of the irrigated area and how best to effectively use the water resources in Jizzakh Province based on investigations conducted between 1995 and 2016.A database of field measurements of groundwater levels,mineralization and soil salinity conducted by the provincial Hydro-Geological Reclamation Expeditions was used in the study.The total groundwater mineralization was determined using a portable electric conductometer(Progress 1T)and the chloride concentration was determined using the Mohr method.The soil salinity analyses were conducted by applying two different methods:(1)the extraction and assessment of the soluble salt content,and(2)using an SM-138 conductivity sensor applied to a 1:1 mixture of soil sample and water.The analyses of the monitoring results and the salt balance in the"irrigation water–soil–drainage water"system clearly demonstrated that the condition of the irrigated land in the province was not significantly improved.Under these conditions,the stability of crop yields is achieved mainly through the use of large volumes of fertilizer.However,excess amounts of mineral fertilizers can also cause the salinization of soils.The average groundwater salinization value in most of the irrigated land(75.3%)fluctuated between 1.1 and 5.0 g/L,while the values were less than 1.0 g/L in 13.1%of the land and in the range of 5.1–10.0 g/L in 10.5%of the land.During the period of 1995–2016 the salinization level of the irrigated land in Jizzakh Province increased slightly and the area could be divided into the following classes:no salinity(17.7%of the total area),low salinity(51.3%),moderate salinity(29.0%),and high salinity(2.0%).Detailed studies of the salt balance in irrigated land,the impact of climate change,increased fertilizer use,and repeated remediation leaching on the groundwater level and mineralization should be conducted in the future,due to the possibility of accelerated salinization,fertility decline,and reduced yields of agricultural crops.  相似文献   

盐胁迫下外源功能微生物调控水稻生长特征研究     

武珈亦  黄洁  白志刚  朱练峰  曹小闯  朱春权  金千瑜  张均华 《中国稻米》2020,(1):34-36

以高产水稻品种中浙优1号为材料,设置2个盐胁迫处理(S0,正常生长条件;S1,盐逆境,3g NaCl/kg干土)和2个微生物处理(M0,对照;MM,荧光假单胞菌与巴西固氮螺菌共同接种水稻根际环境),研究了盐胁迫下外源功能微生物对水稻生长特征的影响。结果表明,与S0处理相比,S1处理下水稻植株生育期严重滞后,干物质积累量以及产量构成因子显著降低;与S1M0处理相比,S1MM处理可显著提高水稻剑叶光合速率、地上部干物质量以及产量构成因子。可见,荧光假单胞菌与巴西固氮螺菌进入稻田土壤可缓解盐逆境对水稻生长的抑制作用,提升水稻叶片光合能力、耐盐性能,并显著提高水稻分蘖能力和结实率,增加千粒重,进而增加水稻产量。  相似文献   

Salinity tolerance of wild barley Hordeum vulgare ssp. spontaneum     

Fatemeh Ebrahim  Ahmad Arzani  Mehdi Rahimmalek  Dongfa Sun  Junhua Peng 《Plant Breeding》2020,139(2):304-316

Salinity tolerance of 47 wild barley genotypes and six barley cultivars was evaluated under control and salinity stress (300 mM NaCl) conditions. Shoot and root dry weight (DW), plant height, membrane stability index (MSI), relative water content, survival rate, leaf malondialdehyde (MDA) and proline contents, root and leaf Na, K, Ca and K/Na ratio, and chlorophyll a fluorescence were measured. Salinity stress caused significant increase in the MDA, proline content, Na and Ca concentrations of the roots and leaves, but resulted in a decrease in the other traits. H. spontaneum genotypes were considerably less affected by the salinity than the genotypes of H. vulgare. Plant survivability was negatively correlated with the Na concentration (r =−.66) but positively correlated with the leaf K/Na ratio (r = .67) and MSI (r = .68). Tolerance mechanisms such as ion exclusion (Na) were likely to be present in the wild barley causing K/Na homeostasis as well as the much lower root and shoot Na, resulting in the higher survival rate.  相似文献