Control efficacy and joint toxicity of thiamethoxam mixed with spirotetramat against the Asian citrus psyllid,Diaphorina citri Kuwayama     

Tao Tang  Mingping Zhao  Pei Wang  Shengkong Huang  Wei Fu 《Pest management science》2021,77(1):168-176

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Toxicity of systemic neonicotinoid insecticides to avocado thrips in nursery avocado trees   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Byrne FJ  Toscano NC  Urena AA  Morse JG 《Pest management science》2007,63(9):860-866

The efficacies of four systemic neonicotinoid insecticides applied to potted avocado trees at manufacturer-recommended rates were assessed against the avocado thrips, Scirtothrips perseae Nakahara. At the time of treatment, fully expanded first-flush young leaves were tagged for identification, and a proportion of these leaves was used in bioassays with second-instar thrips. At 7 weeks post-treatment, a second flush of leaves had fully expanded on the trees, and these leaves were included in additional bioassays comparing avocado thrips mortality on both first- and second-flush leaves. In bioassays with first-flush leaves, imidacloprid (273 mg AI pot(-1)) was the most effective insecticide, providing at least 70% mortality of thrips for 14 weeks. Thiamethoxam (137 mg AI pot(-1)), clothianidin (109 mg AI pot(-1)) and dinotefuran (241 mg AI pot(-1)) provided good control in bioassays that were conducted within 4 weeks of treatment, but thereafter their efficacies were inconsistent. In bioassays with second-flush leaves, imidacloprid provided at least 70% mortality up to 9 weeks after the insecticide application. Thereafter, mortality declined to 30% or lower. Bioassays with second-flush leaves collected from trees treated with thiamethoxam, clothianidin and dinotefuran resulted in unacceptably low thrips mortality. Monitoring of imidacloprid and thiamethoxam residues by ELISA showed that the greater persistence of imidacloprid in both first and second leaf flushes was due to a steadier uptake of this material. Although thiamethoxam residues rose quickly within the first leaf flush, levels had already begun to dissipate by the time the second leaf flush had started to develop.  相似文献   

杀虫剂噻虫嗪的残留研究进展     

赵云  秦信蓉  徐春  雷绍林  杜才富 《贵州农业科学》2012,(2):75-79

噻虫嗪可有效防治多种害虫,现已被广泛应用于农业和畜牧业。为噻虫嗪的进一步研究提供参考,综述了杀虫剂噻虫嗪在蔬菜、茶叶等植物及土壤上的残留测定方法,分析了噻虫嗪残留的研究现状。  相似文献   

Impact of neonicotinoid insecticides on natural enemies in greenhouse and interiorscape environments     

Raymond A Cloyd  James A Bethke 《Pest management science》2011,67(1):3-9

The neonicotinoid insecticides imidacloprid, acetamiprid, dinotefuran, thiamethoxam and clothianidin are commonly used in greenhouses and/or interiorscapes (plant interiorscapes and conservatories) to manage a wide range of plant‐feeding insects such as aphids, mealybugs and whiteflies. However, these systemic insecticides may also be harmful to natural enemies, including predators and parasitoids. Predatory insects and mites may be adversely affected by neonicotinoid systemic insecticides when they: (1) feed on pollen, nectar or plant tissue contaminated with the active ingredient; (2) consume the active ingredient of neonicotinoid insecticides while ingesting plant fluids; (3) feed on hosts (prey) that have consumed leaves contaminated with the active ingredient. Parasitoids may be affected negatively by neonicotinoid insecticides because foliar, drench or granular applications may decrease host population levels so that there are not enough hosts to attack and thus sustain parasitoid populations. Furthermore, host quality may be unacceptable for egg laying by parasitoid females. In addition, female parasitoids that host feed may inadvertently ingest a lethal concentration of the active ingredient or a sublethal dose that inhibits foraging or egg laying. There are, however, issues that require further consideration, such as: the types of plant and flower that accumulate active ingredients, and the concentrations in which they are accumulated; the influence of flower age on the level of exposure of natural enemies to the active ingredient; the effect of neonicotinoid metabolites produced within the plant. As such, the application of neonicotinoid insecticides in conjunction with natural enemies in protected culture and interiorscape environments needs further investigation. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry  相似文献   

噻虫嗪对田间麦蚜种群防控效果与残留消减动态的关系     

陈博聪  张燕宁  刘同金  阴筱  朱其松  蒋红云  马惠 《植物保护》2019,45(1):98-103

为评价噻虫嗪在小麦生产上应用的安全性,本研究进行了21%噻虫嗪悬浮剂对田间麦蚜的防控试验,并测定了噻虫嗪在小麦植株及籽粒中的残留。结果表明:21%噻虫嗪SC 23.625 g/hm~2防治麦蚜效果最佳,药后3 d,对麦蚜相对防效可达到91.48%,其次为21%噻虫嗪SC 15.75 g/hm~2,药后3 d,相对防效可达到87.48%,且与噻虫嗪23.625 g/hm~2差异不显著。残留消解动态检测结果表明,在小麦抽穗期施用21%噻虫嗪SC 15.75 g/hm~2防治小麦蚜虫,在小麦植株中的半衰期为4.8 d,药后14 d消解92%,半衰期较短,消解速度较快。最终残留试验表明,21%噻虫嗪SC,用药量15.75～23.625 g/hm~2,小麦生长后期连续施药1～2次,最后一次用药后7、14、21 d采收的小麦籽粒中未检出噻虫嗪(0.01 mg/kg)。建议用21%噻虫嗪SC防治小麦蚜虫,最高制剂用药量75 g/hm~2(有效成分15.75 g/hm~2),在小麦抽穗期施药一次,安全间隔期14 d。  相似文献   

25%噻•多•唑醚种子处理悬浮剂及成膜助剂的制备与性能     

王昱翔  朱宏建  张志刚  王娅  张盈  段伟鹏  李晓刚 《湖南农业大学学报(自然科学版)》2019,45(4)

为制备直播棉种子用25%噻虫嗪·多菌灵·吡唑醚菌酯种子处理悬浮剂(25%噻·多·唑醚FS),分别采用流点法及正交试验设计对主要助剂进行筛选,并合成了可溶性淀粉–苯乙烯二元共聚物成膜剂,对25%噻·多·唑醚FS质量指标进行了测定,评价其对棉花种子发芽率、幼苗叶绿素、游离脯氨酸含量的影响。所制备制剂中,有效成分噻虫嗪、多菌灵和吡唑醚菌酯分别为10%、10%和5%,润湿分散剂W600和D800、黏度调节剂黄原酸胶和硅酸镁铝的质量分数分别为2.5%和4.0%、0.18%和0.30%,防冻剂乙二醇5%,色浆海舒液体红2R 2%。经测定,25%噻·多·唑醚FS黏度为204.21 mPa·s,粒径D90、D50、D10分别为1.25、0.82、0.35μm,离心沉淀率为8.34%,悬浮率96.02%,热贮析水率4.72%,脱落率为3.35%。成膜剂的成膜时间为11.33 min,包衣均匀度为91.67%。以药种比为1∶50处理棉种,发芽率为95.67%,比空白对照提高了1.78%;棉幼苗叶绿素含量增加了70.54%;游离脯氨酸含量增加了77.55%。25%噻·多·唑醚种子处理悬浮剂成膜稳定性好,对棉花种子安全,发芽率高,有利于促进棉花幼苗发育生长。  相似文献   

噻虫嗪对褐飞虱的毒力及解毒代谢酶活性的影响     

张钰明  向兴  王学贵 《华南农业大学学报》2020,41(3):80-85

【目的】明确噻虫嗪对褐飞虱Nilaparvata lugens的抗药性及解毒代谢酶活性的影响。【方法】采用稻苗浸渍法测定褐飞虱温室种群对吡虫啉、噻虫嗪、噻嗪酮和毒死蜱的抗药性,以及对新型防控药剂氟啶虫胺腈和三氯苯嘧啶的敏感性;研究增效剂胡椒基丁醚(PBO)、马来酸二乙酯(DEM)和磷酸三苯酯(TPP)对噻虫嗪的增效作用;测定了羧酸酯酶、谷胱甘肽S-转移酶和细胞色素P450s酶活性。【结果】褐飞虱种群对噻虫嗪表现出高水平抗性,抗性倍数达到277.92倍,对氟啶虫胺腈和三氟苯嘧啶仍处于敏感水平,对三氟苯嘧啶无交互抗性。PBO对噻虫嗪的增效作用最强,增效倍数为1.99倍。温室抗性种群的细胞色素P450s活性达到4.70×10-3 IU/mg,为室内敏感品系的2.13倍。【结论】细胞色素P450s活性的增强可能是褐飞虱对噻虫嗪产生代谢抗性的主要原因。氟啶虫胺腈和三氟苯嘧啶轮换使用可有效防控褐飞虱。  相似文献   

植保无人飞机喷雾参数及助剂类型对杀虫剂防治棉蚜的增效作用   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

白微微  陈晓  丁瑞丰  李广阔  龚艳  魏新政 《农药学学报》2020,22(2):333-339

为研究植保无人飞机喷雾参数对棉蚜防治效果的影响及评价助剂对药剂的增效作用,本研究通过田间试验分析了飞行高度、飞行速度和喷头型号等喷雾参数对棉蚜防效的影响,并评价了5种喷雾助剂ND-600、ND-800、G2801、倍达通和N380对22%氟啶虫胺腈悬浮剂(SC)和21%噻虫嗪SC的增效作用。结果表明:植保无人飞机飞行高度对棉蚜防效的影响显著,其中飞行高度为2 m时防效最佳,最优参数组合为飞行高度2 m,飞行速度3 m/s,喷头型号IDK120-01。添加助剂后,22%氟啶虫胺腈SC和21%噻虫嗪SC对棉蚜的防效有不同程度的提高,药后7 d,除ND-600外,ND-800、G2801、N380和倍达通对22%氟啶虫胺腈SC均有增效减量作用,其中ND-800的效果较好,G2801、倍达通和N380的增效作用一般;21%噻虫嗪SC对棉蚜的防治效果较好,除不添加助剂的处理外,其余处理药后7 d的防效均在90%以上,5种助剂的减量增效作用均较好。  相似文献   

Incidence and characterisation of resistance to neonicotinoid insecticides and pymetrozine in the greenhouse whitefly,Trialeurodes vaporariorum Westwood (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae)     

Nikos Karatolos  Ian Denholm  Martin Williamson  Ralf Nauen  Kevin Gorman 《Pest management science》2010,66(12):1304-1307

BACKGROUND: Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Westwood), also known as the greenhouse whitefly, is a serious pest of protected vegetable and ornamental crops in most temperate regions of the world. Neonicotinoid insecticides are used widely to control this species, although resistance has been reported and may be becoming widespread. RESULTS: Mortality rates of UK and European strains of T. vaporariorum to a range of neonicotinoids and pymetrozine, a compound with a different mode of action, were calculated, and significant resistance was found in some of those strains. A strong association was found between neonicotinoids and pymetrozine, and reciprocal selection experiments confirmed this finding. Expression of resistance to the neonicotinoid imidacloprid and pymetrozine was age specific, and resistance in nymphs did not compromise recommended application rates. CONCLUSION: This study indicates strong parallels in the phenotypic characteristics of neonicotinoid resistance in T. vaporariorum and the tobacco whitefly Bemisia tabaci Gennadius, suggesting possible parallels in the underlying mechanisms. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry  相似文献   

Characterisation of Neonicotinoid and Pymetrozine Resistance in Strains of Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) from China          下载免费PDF全文

RAO Qiong  XU Yong-hua  LUO Chen  ZHANG Hong-yu  Christopher M Jones  Greg J Devine  KevinGorman  Ian Denholm 《农业科学学报》2012,11(2):321-326

Four strains of the Q biotype and one of the B biotype of the whitefly Bemisia tabaci collected from China were characterised for resistance to four neonicotinoid insecticides and pymetrozine. Q biotype strains showed moderate to strong resistance to imidacloprid, thiamethoxam and acetamiprid, but little or no cross-resistance to dinotefuron. Resistance to neonicotinoids was consistently associated with resistance to pymetrozine, despite the latter having a distinct (though unresolved) mode of action. The single B biotype strain proved largely susceptible to all the insecticides investigated. Resistance in the Q biotype strains was associated with over-expression of a cytochrome P450 monooxygenase gene, CYP6CM1, whose substrate specificity presumably accounts for the observed cross-resistance profiles.  相似文献