Investigating nicotinic acetylcholine receptor expression in neonicotinoid resistant Myzus persicae FRC     

Christopher Beckingham  Janet PhillipsMark Gill  Andrew J. Crossthwaite 《Pesticide biochemistry and physiology》2013

The peach–potato aphid Myzus persicae is a pest of many commercial crops due to its polyphagous nature of feeding and has a well-documented history of acquiring resistance to insecticides. In 2009 a strain (M. persicae FRC) emerged in southern France with a point mutation (R81T) at the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR), the target site for neonicotinoids such as imidacloprid. This point mutation was associated with the loss of the high affinity imidacloprid binding site (pM Kd), with the single remaining binding site (low nM Kd) highly overexpressed compared to laboratory controls (Bass et al., 2011 [1]). Here we report that after 2 years of continuous selection in the glass house environment with neonicotinoids, the total level of IMD-sensitive nAChRs (low nM Kd) in M. persicae FRC is now comparable to laboratory controls (pM and low nM Kd). Interestingly, despite this large reduction in IMD-sensitive nAChRs, this was not associated with any significant alteration in NNIC-lethality. Additionally, sustained absence of neonicotinoid-selection did not alter nAChR protein levels. We suggest that alterations in nAChR protein expression level described in the original characterisation of the field-isolated M. persicae FRC is unlikely to have been a direct consequence of the R81T mutation. Rather, we speculate that nAChR expression in aphids is likely influenced by as yet unknown conditions in the natural field environment that are absent in the laboratory setting.  相似文献   

Susceptibility to thiamethoxam of Musca domestica from Danish livestock farms     

Kristensen M  Jespersen JB 《Pest management science》2008,64(2):126-132

BACKGROUND: Neonicotinoid baits are currently replacing anticholinesterase baits for control of adult houseflies (Musca domestica L.). Introduction of new insecticides includes evaluation of their cross-resistance potential, which was assessed for thiamethoxam in field populations from Denmark. RESULTS: In feeding bioassay with a susceptible strain, thiamethoxam LC(50) at 72 h was 1.7 microg thiamethoxam g(-1) sugar, making it 19-fold, 11-fold and threefold more toxic to houseflies than azamethiphos, methomyl and spinosad respectively. The field populations were 6-76-fold resistant to thiamethoxam. There was no correlation between the toxicities of thiamethoxam and spinosad, dimethoate, methomyl, bioresmethrin or azamethiphos. The toxicity in feeding bioassay at 72 h of imidacloprid in a susceptible strain was 32 microg imidacloprid g(-1) sugar at LC(50), making it 19-fold less toxic to houseflies than thiamethoxam. There was a strong significant correlation between the toxicities of thiamethoxam and imidacloprid in field populations.CONCLUSION: Neonicotinoid-resistant houseflies were present at a detectable and noticeable level before thiamethoxam and imidacloprid were introduced for housefly control in Denmark. The toxicity of thiamethoxam is explained by other parameters than the toxicities of spinosad, dimethoate, methomyl, bioresmethrin or azamethiphos. The cross-resistance between thiamethoxam and imidacloprid indicates a coincidence of mechanism of the toxicity and resistance in the field populations.  相似文献   

Applied aspects of neonicotinoid uses in crop protection   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Elbert A  Haas M  Springer B  Thielert W  Nauen R 《Pest management science》2008,64(11):1099-1105

Neonicotinoid insecticides comprise seven commercially marketed active ingredients: imidacloprid, acetamiprid, nitenpyram, thiamethoxam, thiacloprid, clothianidin and dinotefuran. The technical profiles and main differences between neonicotinoid insecticides, including their spectrum of efficacy, are described: use for vector control, systemic properties and versatile application forms, especially seed treatment. New formulations have been developed to optimize the bioavailability of neonicotinoids through improved rain fastness, better retention and spreading of the spray deposit on the leaf surface, combined with higher leaf penetration. Combined formulations with pyrethroids and other insecticides are also being developed with the aim of broadening the insecticidal spectrum of neonicotinoids and to replace WHO Class I products from older chemical classes. These innovative developments for life-cycle management, jointly with the introduction of generic products, will, within the next few years, turn neonicotinoids into the most important chemical class in crop protection.  相似文献   

HPLC检测分析噻虫嗪种衣剂在马铃薯中的残留动态变化   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

胡梅刘永刚  张海英郭建国吕和平  李晓蓉 《中国农学通报》2012,28(15):189-193

为明确马铃薯种薯包衣播种后活性成分噻虫嗪在植株和薯块上的残留动态,评价噻虫嗪种衣剂的使用安全性,建立其在马铃薯植株和薯块上的残留检测方法。采用田间试验和高效液相色谱法,样品经甲醇超声提取,浓缩净化后,通过HPLC-UVD检测,外标法定量。添加回收率实验结果表明：该方法在马铃薯植株及薯块上添加回收率分别为86.73%~92.58%、86.03%~93.35%,相对标准偏差(RSD)分别为3.46%~8.19%、3.65%~6.22%,最低检出量为1.0×10-9 g,最低检测浓度为0.001 mg/kg,符合农药残留检测要求。残留动态实验结果表明：噻虫嗪种衣剂在马铃薯植株中的残留动态符合一级动力学方程,包衣播种后60天,噻虫嗪在马铃薯植株中的残留量高,为33.975 mg/kg,以此为原始沉积量得到半衰期为12.4天。在马铃薯块茎中未检测到噻虫嗪。  相似文献   

噻虫嗪及其复配制剂不同施药方法对3种甘蔗害虫的防控效果   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

罗志明  李文凤  黄应昆  尹炯  申科  李俊  王晓燕  张荣跃  单红丽 《植物保护》2014,40(4):166-171

选择噻虫嗪及其复配制剂,采用不同施药方法对稻蛀茎夜蛾、甘蔗粉角蚜和甘蔗蓟马进行防治。结果表明,结合甘蔗下种,30%氯虫·噻虫嗪悬浮剂600~750mL/hm2、40%氯虫·噻虫嗪水分散粒剂600~750g/hm2与底肥一起施用,对苗期稻蛀茎夜蛾防效为70%～75%; 结合甘蔗大培土,25%噻虫嗪水分散粒剂600g/hm2、70%噻虫嗪种子处理可分散粉剂225~300g/hm2、30%氯虫·噻虫嗪悬浮剂600~750mL/hm2、40%氯虫·噻虫嗪水分散粒剂600g/hm2与追肥一起施用,药后45d对甘蔗粉角蚜防效达98%以上,对甘蔗蓟马防效达70%以上; 在甘蔗伸长期,25%噻虫嗪水分散粒剂600g//hm2、70%噻虫嗪种子处理可分散粉剂225~300g//hm2、30%氯虫·噻虫嗪悬浮剂600~750mL/hm2对水450kg/hm2淋浇甘蔗根区,药后15 d对甘蔗粉角蚜防效为90%以上。农药根施防治甘蔗害虫,方法简单易行,持效期长,且对环境友好,是一种简便高效的害虫防治施药技术。  相似文献   

超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定豇豆中溴氰虫酰胺等5种农药残留   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0  

钱程  吴琼  吕岱竹  李建国 《农药学学报》2014,16(5):594-599

建立了超高效液相色谱-串联质谱(UPLC-MS/MS)同时测定豇豆中溴氰虫酰胺、乙基多杀菌素、呋虫胺、噻虫嗪和啶虫脒残留量的方法。豇豆样品经乙腈提取,通过QuEChERS法净化后,采用Acquity UPLCBEH C18色谱柱分离,在电喷雾正离子模式下以多反应监测(MRM)模式检测。结果表明:在0.01~1μg/mL内5种农药的峰面积与其相应的质量浓度间呈良好线性关系,相关系数均大于0.99;在0.01、0.1和1 mg/kg 3个添加水平下,回收率为71%~129%,相对标准偏差为0.90%~20.8%(n=5)。5种农药在豇豆中的检出限为0.084~4.0μg/kg,定量限为0.80~16.6μg/kg。该方法简单灵敏,定量准确,可用于分析豇豆中的溴氰虫酰胺、乙基多杀菌素、呋虫胺、噻虫嗪和啶虫脒的残留量。  相似文献   

28.7%精甲霜灵?咯菌腈?噻虫嗪FS防治甘蔗凤梨病田间药效评价     

罗志明李文凤  黄应昆杜迎春 尹炯申科  薛晶张荣跃  王晓燕单红丽 《中国农学通报》2014,30(7):316-320

为筛选甘蔗凤梨病防治药剂,寻求最佳使用技术方法,结合新植蔗下种,采用蔗种单芽包衣、双芽包衣、双芽浸种等3种方式对28.7%精甲霜灵·咯菌腈·噻虫嗪FS防治甘蔗凤梨病效果进行田间评价。结果表明,28.7%精甲霜灵·咯菌腈·噻虫嗪FS蔗种双芽包衣和双芽浸种2种处理都能有效防治甘蔗凤梨病。28.7%精甲霜灵·咯菌腈·噻虫嗪FS 942~1605 mL/hm2蔗种双芽包衣防效为58.69%~61.20%、28.7%精甲霜灵·咯菌腈·噻虫嗪FS 1000~1500倍液蔗种双芽浸种处理防效为51.51%~54.70%,明显优于对照农药50%多菌灵WP,且对甘蔗安全。甘蔗凤梨病高发区,可结合当地甘蔗生产实际,于甘蔗下种期,采用28.7%精甲霜灵·咯菌腈·噻虫嗪FS防治甘蔗凤梨病,蔗种包衣处理剂量以942 mL/hm2为宜,蔗种浸种处理药液浓度以1500倍为宜。  相似文献   

Effects of imidacloprid and thiamethoxam as seed treatments on the early seedling characteristics and aphid-resistance of oilseed rape          下载免费PDF全文

HUANG Liang  ZHAO Chun-lin  HUANG Fang  BAI Run-e  Lü Yao-bin  YAN Feng-ming  HAO Zhong-ping 《农业科学学报》2015,14(12):2581-2589

Seed treatments with the neonicotinoid insecticides imidacloprid and thiamethoxam were evaluated to determine whether the chemicals at effective concentrations for aphid control would influence the germination and early growth of oilseed rape,Brassica napus.Treatment with imidacloprid or thiamethoxam did not affect the cumulative germination rate,but significantly inhibited establishment potential by suppressing root system development in the cotyledon stage.However,these alterations in seedling development in the thiamethoxam-treated seeds appeared not to be detrimental as leaves developed;in contrast,for the seedlings with imidacloprid as seed treatment agent,a significantly decreased shoot/root ratio was still evident at the late two-leaf stage.After two leaves developed,chlorophyll content per leaf in the thiamethoxam treatment was significantly higher than that of the control,while chlorophyll content per leaf in the imidacloprid treatment remained close to that in the control.Most other parameters,i.e.,height,leaf area,weight of stem,leaf or root,and other growth indexes,between the treatments and the control showed no significant difference.Additionally,it was found that storage time of the treated seeds had a significant effect on cumulative germination rate.Treatment 30 d before planting significantly reduced germination relative to that of the control.All of the plants treated with neonicotinoids were shown to have significant anti-aphid characteristics that persisted until the end of the trial.  相似文献   

Monitoring the effects of thiamethoxam applied as a seed treatment to winter oilseed rape on the development of bumblebee (Bombus terrestris) colonies          下载免费PDF全文

Helen Thompson  Mike Coulson  Natalie Ruddle  Selwyn Wilkins  Paul Harrington  Sarah Harkin 《Pest management science》2016,72(9):1737-1742

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Neonicotinoid concentrations in UK honey from 2013          下载免费PDF全文

Ainsley Jones  Gordon Turnbull 《Pest management science》2016,72(10):1897-1900

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